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| 2. |
- Abouhatab, Assem, et al.
(författare)
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Determinants of import demand for Egyptian potatoes in Germany and the United Kingdom
- 2016
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Ingår i: Acta Horticulturae. - 0567-7572 .- 2406-6168. ; 1132, s. 39-48
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The European Union (EU) is the major import market for Egyptian fresh potatoes. Germany and the United Kingdom (UK) jointly imported about 44% of Egyptian potato exports to the EU during the period 1994-2012. This study sought to identify the determinants of import demand for Egyptian potatoes in these two countries. A general differentiated demand system approach was used to estimate conditional potato import demand per country. For each country, it was assumed that the system of conditional import demand equations for potatoes is specified according to the sources of origin and also depends on all imported potato prices and total import potato expenditure. When estimated econometrically, this import demand model allows conditional price and expenditure elasticities to be derived. The econometric results indicated that with an estimated elasticity of 1.95, Egyptian potato exports responded significantly to total expenditure on imported potatoes by Germany. On the other hand, Egyptian potato exports to Germany did not exhibit significant price responses. In all cases but one, estimated conditional uncompensated price elasticities were not statistically different from zero. However, more interesting results were obtained concerning the price responses of Egyptian potato exports to the UK, whereby the conditional (uncompensated) direct elasticity of potato imports from Egypt to the UK (-0.71) showed an inelastic response to its own price. Furthermore, Egyptian potato exports seemed to compete on the UK market with potatoes originating from Israel and France, while they displayed complementarity with Dutch imports.
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| 3. |
- Abouhatab, Assem, et al.
(författare)
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EU's trade standards and the export performance of small and medium-sized agri-food export firms in Egypt
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Food and Agribusiness Management Review. - 1096-7508 .- 1559-2448. ; 22, s. 689-705
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examined the export performance of Egypt's small and medium-sized agri-food firms in relation to the proliferation and intensification of EU food safety and quality standards. The empirical work that was based on a survey and the estimation of ordered probit models revealed that certification is an indispensable market access instrument for Egypt's firms to penetrate EU markets for imported agri-food commodities. The experience of firms in the agri-food export business was associated with decreasing probabilities of border rejections and exiting export markets due to standards. Furthermore, the results implied that the surveyed firms turn to less demanding markets in terms of food safety and quality requirements as these requirements become more stringent in their traditional export markets. Finally, inconclusive findings were drawn from the role of permanent and skilled firms' labor on the export performance of the surveyed firms.
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| 5. |
- Basnet, Shyam Kumar, et al.
(författare)
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Explaining the Process for Conversion to Organic Dairy Farming in Sweden: An Alternative Modelling Approach
- 2018
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Ingår i: German journal of agricultural economics. - 2191-4028. ; 67, s. 14-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To date, the process of conversion to organic farming has been analysed as a choice between only two alternatives, conventional versus organic farming. However, the conversion process in the EU is a twotier decision, which brings the possibility of a nested structure between mixed and organic farming. In the context of Sweden, where the conversion investment is flexible, we attempted to identify economic determinants of the organic conversion process. For that purpose, we applied the nested Logit random utility maximisation (NLRUM) model to data from the Swedish farm accounting data network for 2002-2012. The analysis showed that milk prices, milk yield and environmental support payments play a significant role in the organic conversion process. As expected, a decrease in conventional milk prices would induce conventional farms to convert to organic production. The scale of conversion to organic farming was more pronounced among dairy farms located in regions with higher environmental support payments, and in regions endowed with more pasture land and leys.
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| 6. |
- Hristov, Jordan, et al.
(författare)
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The Economic Role of Water in FYR Macedonia: An Input–Output Analysis and Implications for the Western Balkan Countries
- 2016
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Ingår i: Water Economics and Policy. - 2382-624X .- 2382-6258. ; 2:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sustainable management of water resources is imperative in the Western Balkan (WB) region, due to the seasonal, spatial and quality distribution of these resources. This paper analyzed water consumption and associated relationships between the economic sectors in Macedonia in 2005, based on input–output (IO) analysis. Using an environmentally extended IO framework, water consumption was investigated by developing several indicators. Disaggregation of the agriculture sector into 11 sub-sectors, combined with backward and forward linkage analysis, allowed us to identify rice, fruits, grapes and wine, other crop and cattle production as key water-consuming sub-sectors. The developedindicators revealed a high proportion of direct water consumption in agriculture and some other non-agricultural sectors such as mining and quarrying, other mining and quarrying products, food products and beverages as well as electrical machinery, which imposed significant pressure on natural water resources in Macedonia. Therefore, changes in production technology and specializations in Macedonia toward less water-intensive options are needed to ease the pressure on natural water resources. Extending the existing waterpricing policy to capture economic, social and environmental aspects should also be considered. Moreover, the development and construction of water accounts and the disaggregation procedure have valuable implications for the WB countries. Applications elsewhere following this Macedonian example can provide a meaningful understanding of the role of water and interdependencies at regional level and increase awareness of the water resource availability at trans-boundary scale.
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| 7. |
- Hristov, Jordan, et al.
(författare)
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Virtual water and input–output framework: an alternative method for assessing trade and water consumption in FYR Macedonia
- 2015
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Ingår i: Water Science and Technology: Water Supply. - : IWA Publishing. - 1606-9749 .- 1607-0798. ; 15, s. 317-326
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study analyzed direct and indirect relationships in water consumption by Macedonian economic sectors using virtual water in an input–output framework. Macedonia was found to be characterized by intensive water consumption, with some sectors having a significant virtual water content in their products. Virtual water multipliers were used to analyze the trade balance and determine whether national commercial trade strategies are in line with Heckscher–Ohlin (HO) theory. It was found that Macedonia trade strategies in terms of virtual water were generally in line with HO theory. However, as a consequence of significant exports and high virtual water content in vegetables, fruit, grapes and sheep and goat products within the agriculture sector and in food and basic metal products in the manufacturing sector, the region was a net exporter of virtual water, losing about 124 million m3of water at 2005 level or 18% of total water consumption. Reducing exports of the most water-intensive products with significant net positive exports would result in substantial water savings of 42% of total water consumption. The results presented here can help policy makers in promoting production specializations that are more environmentally sustainable or in redesigning existing water pricing policies at national level to encourage rational use of water.
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| 8. |
- Manevska Tasevska, Gordana, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing the regional efficiency of Swedish agriculture under the CAP ‒ a multidirectional efficiency approach
- 2018
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The regional dimension is central when designing structural reforms for rural areas. In this study we implement the multidirectional efficiency analysis approach in a regional, rural development context, with the aim of analysing the regional efficiency of agricultural resource use. The efficiency patterns of each input and output were observed over three Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) periods. The results show the largest improvements in the efficiency of diversified output and labour, especially when concerns about environmental conditions and rurality were included in CAP, 2008-2013. Further improvements in regional efficiency could be achieved by creating possibilities for diversified output and structural changes in assets.
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| 9. |
- Manevska Tasevska, Gordana, et al.
(författare)
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Pure and compensated technical efficiency of Swedish dairy farms
- 2016
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Ingår i: Agricultural and Food Science. - 1459-6067 .- 1795-1895. ; 25, s. 111-123
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The compensatory effect of environmental subsidies for agri-environmental output constraints was evaluated through a comparative analysis observing the ‘pure' efficiency, as a benchmark for prevailing production conditions, and the ‘compensated' efficiency, as a proxy indicator of the compensation. An unbalanced data panel covering 3578 Swedish dairy farms in the period 2002-2012 was used. The analysis showed that in the study period, environmental farm support decreased the differences in farm revenue generated by agri-environmental output constraints in Sweden. However, the environmental support distribution did not succeed in meeting regional needs, so difficulties in farmers' ability to generate output in southern and central forest and valley areas of Sweden were visible. Furthermore, the environmental agricultural support had only a partial subsidisation effect on ‘green' farm management practices, with full compensation being achieved for organic and capital-extensive farming, whereas low livestock density farming was not sufficiently compensated. This analysis reveals incentives with policy implications for farm economic performance and provides direct input to future policy recommendations for environmental support allocation.
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| 10. |
- Manevska Tasevska, Gordana, et al.
(författare)
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Regional efficiency of the Swedish agriculture
- 2019
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this study we implement the multidirectional efficiency analysis approach in a regional, rural development context, with the aim of analysing the regional efficiency of agricultural resource use. The efficiency patterns of each input and output were observed over three Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) periods. The results show the largest improvements in the efficiency of diversified output and labour, especially when more concerns about environmental conditions and rurality were included in CAP, 2008-2013. Further improvements in regional efficiency could be achieved by creating possibilities for diversified output and more efficient utilisation of assets.
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