| 1. |
- L'Huillier, Anne, et al.
(författare)
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High-order Harmonics - A Coherent Source In the Xuv Range
- 1995
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Ingår i: Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials. - 0218-1991. ; 4:3, s. 647-665
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We review the main results concerning high-order generation processes from the point of view of a potential user of this new source of XUV radiation. The perspectives for optimizing the source, both in efficiency and in spectral range, its characteristics and in particular, its coherence properties, are discussed. Finally, we describe two experiments, which demonstrate the usefulness of the harmonics as a short-pulse, coherent source in the XUV domain.
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| 2. |
- Nilsson, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Laser-induced fluorescence studies of the biodistribution of carotenoporphyrins in mice
- 1997
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Ingår i: British Journal of Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0007-0920 .- 1532-1827. ; 76:3, s. 355-364
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The biodistribution of two recently developed tumour markers, trimethylated (CP(Me)3) and trimethoxylated (CP(OMe)3) carotenoporphyrin, was investigated by means of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) after i.v. injection into 38 tumour-bearing (MS-2 fibrosarcoma) female Balb/c mice. At 3, 24, 48 or 96 h after administration, the carotenoporphyrin fluorescence was measured in tumoral and peritumoral tissue, as well as in the abdominal, thoracic and cranial cavities. The fluorescence was induced by a nitrogen laser-pumped dye laser, emitting light at 425 nm, and analysed by a polychromator equipped with an image-intensified CCD camera. The fluorescence was evaluated at 490, 655 and 720 nm: the second and third wavelengths represent the carotenoporphyrin (CP)-related peaks, whereas the first one is close to the peak of the tissue autofluorescence. The tumour and the liver were the two tissue types showing the strongest carotenoporphyrin-related fluorescence, whereas the cerebral cortex and muscle consistently exhibited weak substance-related fluorescence. In most tissue types, the fluorescence intensities decreased over time. A few exceptions were observed, notably the liver, in which the intensity remained remarkably constant over the time period investigated.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Borgstrom, S, et al.
(författare)
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Time-resolved x-ray spectroscopy of optical-field-ionized plasmas
- 1995
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Ingår i: Laser and Particle Beams. - 0263-0346. ; 13:4, s. 459-468
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The time-dependent soft X-ray emission of helium and nitrogen plasmas generated by optical-field ionization is reported. The experiments were carried out by focusing pulses of the high-power Ti:sapphire laser of the Lund Institute of Technology (lambda = 796 nm, pulse duration 150 fs, pulse energy 150 mJ) to a 50-mu m diameter spot close to a nozzle, using He and N-2 as target gases. The emission on He+, N4+, and N3+ resonance lines was recorded by means of a flat-field grating spectrometer coupled to an X-ray streak camera. A pronounced difference in the temporal shape of the emission of the Lyman-alpha line of hydrogen-like helium and of the 2p-3d resonance lines of lithium-like and beryllium-like nitrogen was observed. The helium line exhibited an initial spike followed by a slow revival of the emission, whereas the nitrogen lines showed a slow decay after a fast initial rise. These observations are explained with the help of simulations.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Svanberg, M, et al.
(författare)
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Intestinal degradation of dietary fibre in green beans--effects of microwave treatments
- 1999
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Ingår i: International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0963-7486 .- 1465-3478. ; 50:4, s. 53-245
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intestinal degradation of dietary fibre in blanched and microwaved green beans was studied by using a rat experimental model. Content and composition of dietary fibre as well as molecular weight distribution of water-soluble polysaccharides (WSP) were analysed. There was a solubilization and a shift towards lower Mw of mainly uronic acid-containing polysaccharides with repeated microwave treatment in the raw material. Thus, the apparent Mw of water-soluble polysaccharides decreased from approximately 1,550,000 to approximately 300,000. After the beans had been digested the Mw of the WSP was significantly reduced, to approximately 100,000, and the differences in Mw seen between various processed raw materials had been evened out. After fermentation the Mw of the WSP decreased further approximately 10 times. Fibre fermentability was high (approximately 90%) and similar for the various processed beans.
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| 9. |
- Weibring, Petter, et al.
(författare)
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Monitoring of volcanic sulphur dioxide emissions using differential absorption lidar (DIAL), differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS), and correlation spectroscopy (COSPEC)
- 1998
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Ingår i: Applied Physics B. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0946-2171. ; 67:4, s. 419-426
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The total fluxes of sulphur dioxide from the Italian volcanoes Etna, Stromboli, and Vulcano were studied using optical remote sensing techniques in three shipborne field experiments (1992, 1994, and 1997). The main purpose of the experiments was to compare active (laser) techniques with passive monitoring. Differential absorption lidar (DIAL) measurements were implemented by placing the Swedish mobile lidar system on board the Italian research vessel Urania, sailing under the volcanic plumes. Simultaneously, the passive differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) technique was used for assessing the total overhead gas burden. Finally, correlation spectroscopy (COSPEC) was also implemented in one of the campaigns. Differences in integrated gas column assessment are expected and observed, mostly connected to complex scattering conditions influencing the passive measurements. Since such measurements are much employed in routine volcanic monitoring it is of great interest to model and provide corrections to the raw data obtained. Lidar measurements proved to be quite useful for this purpose. By combining the integrated gas concentration over the plume cross section with wind velocity data, SO2 fluxes of the order of 1000, 100, and 10 tonnes/day were measured for Mt. Etna, Stromboli, and Vulcano, respectively.
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