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- Fröling, Morgan, et al.
(författare)
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Life cycle assessment of the district heat distribution system - Part 1 : Pipe production
- 2004
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Ingår i: The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment. - : Springer. - 0948-3349 .- 1614-7502. ; 9:2, s. 130-136
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Goal, Scope and Background: District heating, the utilization of centrally produced heat for space heating and domestic hot water generation, has the potential to contribute to the eco-efficient use of energy resources in the parts of the world where space heating is needed. In literature, environmental studies on district heating mainly consider the emissions from heat generation; the environmental impact from the distribution system is seldom discussed. This paper presents a life cycle assessment of the production of district heating pipes, based on a cradle-to-gate life cycle inventory commissioned by the Swedish District Heating Association. No external review has been performed but a reference group of district heating experts familiar with the practice was involved in the choice of cases as well as in reviewing parts of the study.Methods: Manufacturing of district heating pipes at Powerpipe Systems AB, Goteborg, Sweden, was studied. Prefabricated polyurethane insulated district heating pipes were considered, with a steel tube and a protective casing made of high-density polyethylene. Production of pipes during the time period 1999-2000 was investigated. The functional unit used in the study is production of one district heating pipe unit. The studied pipes are: a twin pipe of the dimension DN25 (12m long) and single pipes of the dimensions DN25 (12m), DN100 (12m) and DN500 (16m).Results and Discussion: A short description of the inventory, some inventory results and a life cycle impact assessment are presented. Characterizations according to GWP, AP, POCP and resource depletion are given as well as two weightings: Ecolndicator99 and Ecoscarcity. If the life cycle is grouped into 'Materials production', 'Transports', 'Manufacturing' and 'Waste management', the 'Materials production' gives rise to a dominating part of the environmental impact.Recommendation and Perspective: To use materials in the pipes as efficiently as possible is the most important feature in order to reduce the environmental impact from production of district heating pipes. Twin pipes can be a more material efficient solution than single pipes. It is important to make sure that environmental improvements from changes in the pipe production phase are not offset by other effects in the total life cycle of the district heating pipe.
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- Harvey, Simon, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainable solutions for handling wastewater treatment sludge - A chemical engineering education case study
- 2004
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Ingår i: Proceedings, International Conference on Engineering Education for Sustainable Development EESD2004. October 27-29, 2004. Barcelona, Spain.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Environmentally Sustainable Process Technology international Masters program at Chalmers University of Technology in Göteborg, Sweden, aims to provide students with the knowledge and skills necessary to improve and develop processes that are environmentally sustainable as well as economically sound. The program includes courses in core chemical engineering as well as applied environmental engineering areas. The social development aspects of sustainability for the chemical process industry are also taken up, i.e. how a process interacts with the surrounding world, including rules and regulations, public acceptance, risk, political aspects, etc. The Case Study project course is a key feature of the program, in which the knowledge acquired in the programs core course subject areas are used to solve an industrially relevant process engineering problem. The problem analysis and assessment of the proposed solution focus on various aspects of sustainability, including economical viabilityenvironmental impact and waste minimisation. This paper presents the results of a case study project that investigated the possible implementation of a SCWO (SuperCritical Water Oxidation) process plant for treatment of sludge from a Wastewater Treatment Plant in the Göteborg area. The project was related to a broader ongoing project GÖTEBORG 2050 that aims at generating long-term and sustainable future visions to be used for planning purposes in the City of Göteborg area. The paper aims at illustrating how chemical engineering education can introduce students to using process engineering methods and tools to identify sustainable solutions for e.g. energy planning and waste treatment problems. The Göteborg 2050 project provides a context for the students to relate to, thus facilitating for them to adopt the holistic attitude necessary for sustainable development.
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