| 1. |
- Arvidsson, Rickard, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Life cycle assessment of Biodiesel - Hydrotreated oil from rape, oil palm or Jatropha
- 2008
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Ingår i: Annual Poster Exhibition at the Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Mars 6th, 2008, Göteborg, Sweden.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There is a need for fuels based on renewable resources that have acceptable emission profiles and that are functional for truck engines used in heavy vehicles. Volvo has participated in the CONCAWE/EUCAR/JRC WTW study, which analyzed a number of candidate fuels, several process routes to produce each fuel as well as different raw material choices. However, the CONCAWE study did not include any second generation hydrogenated vegetable oil type biodiesel. In the present study, Volvo and Chalmers investigate and benchmark hydrogenated vegetable oils. Different production routes from different proposed raw materials are investigated using life cycle assessment modeling. Raw materials considered are oil from rape seed (grown in Germany), palm oil (grown in Malaysia) and oil from the fruits of Jatropha curcas (grown in India). The raw material is converted into hydrogenated oil at a production site in northern Europe and used at the European market. Results regarding life cycle global warming potential and energy use are presented.
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| 2. |
- Bengmark, Samuel, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Chalmersutbildning kan ge högre lärarstatus
- 2009
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Ingår i: Göteborgs Posten, Debatt, nätupplagan.
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Läraryrket behöver en uppvärdering och stora pensionsavgångar samt svårigheter att konkurrera om studenter till lärarutbildningen kräver åtgärder och nytänkande. Chalmers vill därför starta ämneslärarutbildning i data, fysik, kemi, matematik och teknik så att studenten kan få både en lärarexamen och en ingenjörsexamen, skriver bland andra Samuel Bengmark, programansvarig för Chalmers lärarutbildning.
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| 3. |
- Clancy, Gunilla, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Comparing the sustainability of using a non-renewable oil based material in an absorbent hygiene product with that of using a renewable wood based material
- 2009
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Ingår i: Poster presentation at the Eforwood conference 'Shape your sustainability tools - and let your tools shape you', 23-24 September 2009, Uppsala, Sweden. ; , s. 2-3
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The WooDi project – the Wood based Diaper, is a research collaboration between industry and university. The goal of the project is to make a new diaper that is more sustainable than today’s product, by replacing non-renewable North Sea oil based materials in the diaper with a renewable material based on wood from the Nordic countries. This calls for a way to compare the sustainability associated with using the different raw materials.Comparisons of the implications of using crude oil and biomass resources have so far mainly been made for fuels used in transportation. The available literature assessing the use of fossil fuels versus bio-fuels focuses primarily on greenhouse gas emissions, often referred to as the carbon footprint [1]. It does not include, e.g., effects on ecosystem quality, employment, economy, etc. The increased use of bio-fuels for transportation is discussed in relation to food and feed grain prices, as well as negative environmental impacts arising from deforestation and land conversion, as food and fuel compete for scarce land resources [2, 3].Some life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) weighting methods include resource use, but are generally based on only one or a few parameters. One example is the monetary values used by the environmental priority strategies (EPS) method [4], which involves a weighting for renewable and non-renewable resources based on the cost of producing an equivalent from renewable resources.For forestry there are several voluntary sustainable forest management (SFM) systems, e.g., Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) certification and the Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification (PEFC) scheme. Requirements within such systems include a broader set of aspects than greenhouse gas emissions or available LCIA weighting methods. The SFM laboratory [5] suggests eight different sustainability criteria such as the maintenance of ecosystem health and vitality; cultural, social and spiritual needs and values and maintenance of the forests’ contribution to global carbon cycles. No comparable sustainable management criteria have been found for fossil oil extraction and use, other than an initiative with recommendations on how to include biodiversity into strategies for oil and gas development [6].Consequently, there exists no readily available method for comparing the sustainability of using North Sea oil and Nordic wood as raw materials. The methods mentioned above can be a starting point but need to be developed further. The method development work carried out in the WooDi project should also be useful for other sustainability assessments comparing forest and fossil resources.References1. Johnson, E. Biofuel vs petrofuel carbon footprints: it’s about the land, in SETAC Europe 14th LCA Case Study Symposium. 2007. Göteborg.2. Early, J. and A. McKeown, Smart Choices for Biofuels. 2009, Sierra Club, Worldwatch Institute, Washington.3. Banse, M., P. Nowicki, and H.v. Meijl, Why are current world food prices so high? 2008, LEI Wageningen UR, Wageningen, The Netherlands.4. Steen, B., A systematic approach to environmental priority strategies in product development (EPS). Version 2000 - General System Characteristics, 1999.5. Sustainable forest management - indicator knowledge base. [cited 6th April 2009]. Available from: www.sfmindicators.org.6. Integrating Biodiversity Conservation into Oil & Gas Development, 2003.Acknowledgements Financial support from Vinnova, SCA Hygiene Products AB and Södra Cell AB is greatly appreciated.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Clancy, Gunilla, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainability considerations in the development of materials intended for an absorbent hygiene product
- 2009
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Ingår i: Annual Poster Exhibition at the Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Mars 12th 2009, Göteborg, Sweden.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- WooDi, the Wood based Diaper, is a research collaboration between industry and university. The research has a specific focus on replacing non-renewable materials in the absorbent structure of an incontinence diaper, while ensuring that the new product is also more sustainable than a reference diaper. The work packages in the project focus on forming networks of fibres with tailored properties, characterisation of the networks, designing the production process, and assessing sustainability of the life-cycle of the diapers and guiding the material and product development process through important sustainability considerations.For the new wood fibre based material that is being developed, the properties are yet unknown and production, use and disposal of the product can thus not yet be defined, which is normal in a material development project. Important sustainability considerations will be visualised at the start of the project and thereafter continuously assessed and refined in an iterative process. This calls for the development of an iterative methodology for sustainability assessment that can guide the project through this process with an increasing level of accuracy and detail over time. A few generic frameworks for sustainability assessment in product development have been suggested in literature [1, 2], but actual case studies that show successful implementation are not yet available. In the WooDi project, a well functioning communication between different stakeholders in the project and a project group with knowledge from different areas will ensure that innovative ideas based on best available knowledge can be created and developed in consideration of relevant sustainability aspects.1. Holmberg, J., U. Lundqvist, and K.-H. Robert, An approach to sustainable product development relevant to small and medium-sized enterprises. Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises and the Environment, ed. R. Hillary. 2000: Greenleaf Publishing, Sheffield, UK.2. Byggeth, S., G. Broman, and K.-H. Robèrt, A method for sustainable product development based on a modular system of guiding questions. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2007. 15(1): p. 1-11.Acknowledgement – Financial support from Vinnova, SCA Hygiene Products AB and Södra Cell AB is greatly appreciated
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Fröling, Morgan, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Life Cycle Assessment of Second Generation Biodiesel: Biomass to Liquid
- 2008
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Ingår i: Designing Pathways for a Sustainable World: At Scale, in Time, and for All, AGS Annual Meeting, MIT, Cambridge, MA. USA, January 28-30 2008. ; , s. abstract in proceedings-
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Harvey, Simon, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainable Process Solutions in Göteborg, Sweden - an Overview of Experience and Challenges from a Chemical Engineering Education Case Study Course at Chalmers
- 2006
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Ingår i: Engineering Education in Sustainable Development international conference, Lyon, France, October 4-6, 2006.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Environmentally Sustainable Process Technology international masters program at Chalmers University of Technology in Göteborg, Sweden, aims to provide students with the skills necessary to develop sustainable process solutions. The program includes courses in core chemical engineering as well as applied environmental engineering areas. A key feature of the program is the Case Study project course, in which the knowledge acquired in the program’s core courses is used to solve an industrially relevant process engineering problem using systems engineering methodology. The problem analysis and assessment of the proposed solution focus on various aspects of sustainability, including technical feasibility, economic viability and environmental performance. The course includes a field trip to the Industrial Symbiosis project in Kalundborg, Denmark. The Case Study course has been ongoing for nine years. Initial problems and development efforts are described in the paper. Focusing all projects within the Göteborg area has proven to be a major improvement to the project in that it has encouraged systemic thinking by providing a context for the students to relate to, thus enabling them to adopt the holistic attitude necessary for sustainable development. Examples of case study projects from previous years are presented to illustrate how chemical engineering education can introduce students to using process engineering methods and tools to identify sustainable process solutions, accounting for limitations in the surrounding system.
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