| 1. |
- Aggestam, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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The Development and Evaluation of an Animated Video for Pre- and Postoperative Instructions for Patients with Osteoarthritis : A Design Science Research Approach
- 2024
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Ingår i: Geriatrics. - 2308-3417. ; 9:19, s. 1-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Osteoarthritis (OA) is a condition in the hip or knee joints that develops during a long period of time and sometimes needs hip or knee joint replacement surgery when pain gets too intense for the patient. This paper describes how an animated video for pre- and postoperative instructions for patients with osteoarthritis was designed. The design science research (DSR) approach was followed by creating a web-based animated video. The web-based animated video is used to support surgical departments with education for patients suffering from OA. In the web-based animated video, information about OA surgical treatment and its pre- and post-arrangements was included. The relevance, the rigor, and the design cycles were focused on, with some iterations of and improvements in the animations. Even after implementation, there was a feedback-loop with comments from the surgeons and their patients. Moreover, as more departments will use the web-based animated video, they want to make their special mark on it, so that further changes will be made. This paper presents the design and successful implementation of an animated video for pre- and postoperative instructions for patients with osteoarthritis, tightly linked to the patient journey and the workflow of healthcare professionals. The animated video serves not only as a tool to improve care but also as a basis for further scientific research studies.
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| 2. |
- Berg, Joel, 1984-
(författare)
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Fullmakten och dess uppkomst : Särskilt om huvudmannens viljeförklaring och tredje mans befogade tillit
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In Sweden, opinions have long been divided on the meaning of the agency concept of authority and its basis. Due to a number of judgments from the Swedish Supreme Court, the discussion has been given renewed relevance. The dissertation investigates the question of the origin of authority. By using a legal dogmatic method, relevant sources are identified and analyzed in order to determine the content of current law.The dissertation first describes the development of authority in Swedish law and the purpose and function of authority rules. For there to be an act of authorization, it is required that the person who performs a legal act does so in the name of another. However, the exact meaning of acting in the name of another has proved to be far from obvious. The concept is central to the act of authorization, which is why it is also defined within the framework of this dissertation.The concept of declaration of intent, which plays a central role in the creation of authority, is also discussed. This is because there are divided opinions as to whether there are any subjective requirements on the principal or recipient for a declaration of intent to be considered to exist.Finally, the grounds for authority that have been identified in the dissertation are presented by analyzing the potential grounds identified within the framework of the dissertation.
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| 3. |
- De Marinis, Yang, et al.
(författare)
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Serology assessment of antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19 by rapid IgM/IgG antibody test
- 2020
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Ingår i: Infection Ecology and Epidemiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2000-8686. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has created a global health- and economic crisis. Detection of antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which causes COVID-19 by serological methods is important to diagnose a current or resolved infection. In this study, we applied a rapid COVID-19 IgM/IgG antibody test and performed serology assessment of antibody response to SARS-CoV-2. In PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients (n = 45), the total antibody detection rate is 92% in hospitalized patients and 79% in non-hospitalized patients. The total IgM and IgG detection is 63% in patients with <2 weeks from disease onset; 85% in non-hospitalized patients with >2 weeks disease duration; and 91% in hospitalized patients with >2 weeks disease duration. We also compared different blood sample types and suggest a higher sensitivity by serum/plasma over whole blood. Test specificity was determined to be 97% on 69 sera/plasma samples collected between 2016-2018. Our study provides a comprehensive validation of the rapid COVID-19 IgM/IgG serology test, and mapped antibody detection patterns in association with disease progress and hospitalization. Our results support that the rapid COVID-19 IgM/IgG test may be applied to assess the COVID-19 status both at the individual and at a population level.
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| 4. |
- Gustafsson, Marcus, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
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Well-to-wheel greenhouse gas emissions of heavy-duty transports : Influence of electricity carbon intensity
- 2021
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Ingår i: Transportation Research Part D. - : Elsevier. - 1361-9209 .- 1879-2340. ; 93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are several alternatives for how to phase out diesel in heavy-duty transports, thereby reducing the sector’s climate change impact. This paper assesses the well-to-wheel (WTW) greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of energy carriers for heavy-duty vehicles, analyzing the effect of the carbon intensity of the electricity used in production. The results show that energy carriers with high electricity dependence are not necessarily better than diesel from a WTW perspective. In particular, fuels produced through electrolysis are not well suited in carbon-intense electricity systems. Conversely, waste-based biofuels have low GHG emissions regardless of the electricity system. Battery-electric buses show a large reduction of GHG emissions compared to diesel buses and many other alternatives, while battery-electric trucks have higher GHG emissions than diesel in carbon intense electricity systems. Thus, electrifying transports or switching to renewable fuels will not suffice if the electricity system is not made renewable first.
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| 5. |
- Hansson, Joel, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of rural bus stops on travel time and reliability
- 2021
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Ingår i: Public Transport. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1613-7159 .- 1866-749X.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to relatively low patronage levels, rural bus stops are sometimes questioned in order to improve travel time and reliability on regional bus services. Previous research into stop spacing has focused on urban areas, which means that there is a lack of knowledge regarding the effects of bus stops in regional networks, with longer distances, higher speeds, and lower passenger volumes, in general. The present study addresses this knowledge gap by analysing the effects of bus stops on a regional bus service regarding average travel times, travel time variability, and on-time performance. This is done by statistical analysis of automatic vehicle location (AVL) data, using a combination of methods previously used for analysis of rail traffic and urban bus operations. The results reveal that bus stops that are only used sporadically have a limited impact on average travel times, in general. In contrast, they are all the more influential on travel time variability, and, in turn, on on-time performance. On the studied bus service, the number of stops made have a far greater impact on travel time variability than any of the other included variables, such as the weather or traffic conditions during peak hours. However, the results suggest that rural bus stops have a much lower impact than what we define as secondary bus stops in urban areas. Consequently, by primarily focusing on bus stop consolidation in urban areas, it is possible to significantly improve service reliability without impairing rural coverage.
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| 6. |
- Hansson, Joel, et al.
(författare)
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Patronage effects of off-peak service improvements in regional public transport
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Transport Research Review. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1867-0717 .- 1866-8887. ; 14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study is to look into patronage effects of extended supply outside peak hours on regional public transport services. Previous studies have shown that the service frequency is an attribute of great importance for regional passengers, but little is known about the details regarding peak and off-peak frequencies or service hours. The present study addresses this knowledge gap, departing from the hypothesis that additional off-peak supply means more flexibility for the passengers in terms of departure time options, and possibly also a sense of security for passengers who are uncertain about the time of their (return) trips. Essentially, the added off-peak departures may attract more passengers even if they normally do not or only occasionally use the off-peak services. The patronage effects are explored through four case studies from the region of Scania in southern Sweden. The cases include regional rail and bus services where substantial improvements have been made outside peak hours, resulting in at least hourly all-day services. The results of the study provide new insights into the fundamental planning policy trade-off between maximum frequency and span of public transport services in urban peripheries and rural areas. Importantly, the results suggest that improved time coverage may lead to substantial patronage growth, and this growth is evident also during peak hours, despite unaltered peak hour frequencies. Hence, off-peak departures cannot be assessed only through patronage levels in isolated time periods, let alone on the individual departures.
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| 7. |
- Hansson, Joel, et al.
(författare)
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Replacing regional bus services with rail: Changes in rural public transport patronage in and around villages
- 2021
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Ingår i: Transport Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-310X .- 0967-070X. ; 101, s. 89-99
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Removing bus stops is often a prerequisite for introducing faster, more reliable, and more frequent rail or coach services in rural areas. Despite the potentially higher quality of service through trains or coaches, however, the bus-stop removals often become stumbling blocks. It is sometimes feared that the alterations to the public transport network will pose a threat to the possibilities of living in rural areas outside villages. In this study, we investigate how travel by public transport is affected in areas where bus services are substantially reduced in connection with the introduction of rail services with fewer stops. Through an analysis of access trips from rural areas surrounding the train stations, we are able to study the development of public transport patronage in these areas in comparison with a control group with retained rural bus services. A total of 28 villages with surrounding rural areas in southern Sweden are included in the study. Our results reveal a significantly larger patronage increase around new train stations compared to areas where regional bus services are kept, and importantly, the patronage increase does not only occur in the immediate surroundings of the stations. Outside the villages, in the rural areas where public transport services have been cut, the increase is of equal magnitude. Hence, our results oppose the idea of distortion between the villages and their surrounding rural areas, at least in terms of net effect on public transport usage.
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| 8. |
- Henriksson, Malin, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Framtidens gröna praktiker : förutsättningar för omställningsagenter i mat- och transportsektorn
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rapporten tar sin utgångspunkt i att det akuta klimatläget kräver nya mer cirkulära sätt att producera och konsumera varor och tjänster på. I rapporten ger vi exempel på lovande gröna initiativ och pekar på vilka svårigheter omställningsagenterna bakom dem möter. Fem ideella och vinstdrivande initiativ från matsektorn och transportsektorn studeras. I matsektorn finns det stor miljöpotential i att minska svinnet. Proteinskifte, från animaliskt kött och mejeri, till vegetabiliska motsvarigheter leder till en mer effektiv resurshantering. Det gäller särskilt när produktionen är lokal och långväga transporter kan undvikas. Hur mycket vatten och landareal som produktionen kräver påverkar miljöpotentialen. Produktion av havre- och ärtprodukter, som studerats i rapporten, kan leva upp till sådana krav, med villkoret att de ingår i cirkulära flöden där det inte produceras överskott. När det gäller transportsektorn har initiativ som stärker cykling en stor miljöpotential. Att dela på eller återbruka cyklar leder till mer effektiv resurshantering. Potentialen villkoras dock om användarna av cykelpooler eller cykelkök parallellt köper egna cyklar och kör bil. Med hjälp av teorier från miljö- och omställningsforskning belyser vi att omställningsagenter verkar inom regimer som bygger på linjära praktiker och fossila beroenden. Motståndet som omställnings[1]agenter möter kan vara mycket konkret, som att det är svårt att hitta betalningsvilliga användare men även handla om subtila processer som att behöva tilltala målgrupper som konsumenter snarare än medborgare. Omställningsagenterna tvingas på olika sätt anpassa sig till regimens spelregler, oavsett om det strider mot egna värderingar och visioner. De studerade initiativen illustrerar möjliga sätt att organisera framtiden på. Det gäller särskilt de ideella verksamheterna. I likhet med tidigare studier visar rapporten att förutsättningen för att omställningsagenter ska kunna visa vägen mot en grönare framtid är begränsad om inte lagstiftning, subventioner, och nya normer om ett gott liv stöttar dem.
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| 9. |
- Krook, Robert, 1993, et al.
(författare)
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Creating a Language for Writing Real-Time Applications for the Internet of Things
- 2022
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Ingår i: 2022 20th ACM-IEEE International Conference on Formal Methods and Models for System Design, MEMOCODE 2022.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We describe the development of a new programming language Scoria and its compiler. Scoria is a high-level reactive real-time language based on the sparse synchronous model (SSM), designed to produce time- and power-efficient low-level C code that can run on small IoT devices. While the compiler is not yet in a state where it is meaningful to measure power usage, we carefully profile the timing behaviour and identify bottlenecks that can improve performance. The language and compiler are implemented as an Embedded Domain-Specific Language (EDSL) on top of Haskell.
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| 10. |
- Krook, Robert, 1993, et al.
(författare)
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QuickerCheck Implementing and Evaluating a Parallel Run-Time for QuickCheck
- 2024
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Ingår i: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2023 35TH SYMPOSIUM ON IMPLEMENTATION AND APPLICATION OF FUNCTIONAL LANGUAGES, IFL 2023. - 9798400716317
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper introduces a new parallel run-time for QuickCheck, a Haskell library and EDSL for specifying and randomly testing properties of programs. The new run-time can run multiple tests for a single property in parallel, using the available cores. Moreover, if a counterexample is found, the run-time can also shrink the test case in parallel, implementing a parallel search for a locally minimal counterexample. Our experimental results show a 3-9x speed-up for testing QuickCheck properties on a variety of heavy-weight benchmark problems. We also evaluate two different shrinking strategies; deterministic shrinking, which guarantees to produce the same minimal test case as standard sequential shrinking, and greedy shrinking, which does not have this guarantee but still produces a locally minimal test case, and is faster in practice.
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