| 1. |
- Lundh, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Model optimization for autotuners in industrial control systems
- 2021
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA). - 9781728129891 ; , s. 1-4
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Automatic tuning of PID controllers using relay feedback experiments has received attention on and off since it was first proposed and industrially implemented in a control system in the 1980s. While optimal experiment design and modern system identification easily outperform the original automatic tuner, they rely on computational resources that are not always available in industrial control systems. Here we present a combination of experiment and subsequent output-error identification of continuoustime first-order time-delayed (FOTD) system models, that requires very little in terms of computations and memory. The method has been extensively evaluated in simulation, and a prototype has been implemented for the ABB AC 800M controller family.
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| 3. |
- Akerblom, H., et al.
(författare)
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Association of Gastric Bypass Surgery With Risk of Developing Diabetic Retinopathy Among Patients With Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes in Sweden: An Observational Study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Jama Ophthalmology. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2168-6165 .- 2168-6173. ; 139:2, s. 200-205
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IMPORTANCE Knowledge of the incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) after gastric bypass surgery (GBP) in patients with obesity and diabetes could guide the management of these patients. OBJECTIVE To investigate the incidence of diabetic ocular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes after GBP compared with the incidence of diabetic ocular complications in a matched cohort of patients with obesity and diabetes who have not undergone GBP. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Data from 2 nationwide registers in Sweden, the Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Registry and the National Diabetes Register, were used for this cohort study. A total of 5321 patients with diabetes from the Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Registry who had undergone GBP from January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2013, were matched with 5321 patients with diabetes from the National Diabetes Register who had not undergone GBP, based on sex, age, body mass index (BMI), and calendar time (2007-2013). Follow-up data were obtained until December 31, 2015. Statistical analysis was performed from October 5, 2018, to September 30, 2019. EXPOSURE Gastric bypass surgery. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Incidence of new DR and other diabetic ocular complications. RESULTS The study population consisted of 5321 patients who had undergone GBP (3223 women [60.6%]; mean [SD] age, 49.0 [9.5] years) and 5321 matched controls (3395 women [63.8%]; mean [SD] age, 47.1 [11.5] years). Mean (SD) follow-up was 4.5 (1.6) years. The mean (SD) BMI and hemoglobin A1c concentration at baseline were 42.0 (5.7) and 7.6%(1.5%), respectively, in the GBP group and 40.9 (7.3) and 7.5%(1.5%), respectively, in the control group. The mean (SD) duration of diabetes was 6.8 (6.3) years in the GBP group and 6.4 (6.4) years in the control group. The risk for new DR was reduced in the patients who underwent GBP (hazard ratio, 0.62 [95% CI, 0.49-0.78]; P <.001). The dominant risk factors for development of DR at baseline were diabetes duration, hemoglobin A1c concentration, use of insulin, glomerular filtration rate, and BMI. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This nationwide matched cohort study suggests that there is a reduced risk of developing new DR associated with GBP, and no evidence of an increased risk of developing DR that threatened sight or required treatment. (c) 2021 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
- Alsterholm, Mikael, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Establishment and utility of SwedAD : a nationwide Swedish registry for patients with atopic dermatitis receiving systemic pharmacotherapy
- 2023
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Ingår i: Acta Dermato-Venereologica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 0001-5555 .- 1651-2057. ; 103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- SwedAD, a Swedish nationwide registry for patients with atopic dermatitis receiving systemic pharmacotherapy, was launched on 1 September 2019. We describe here the establishment of a user-friendly registry to the benefit of patients with atopic dermatitis. By 5 November 2022, 38 clinics had recorded 931 treatment episodes in 850 patients with an approximate national coverage rate of 40%. Characteristics at enrolment included median Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) 10.2 (interquartile range 4.0, 19.4), Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM) 18.0 (10.0, 24.0), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) 11.0 (5.0, 19.0) and Peak Itch Numerical Rating Scale-11 (NRS-11) 6.0 (3.0, 8.0). At 3 months, median EASI was 3.2 (1.0, 7.3) and POEM, DLQI, and NRS-11 were improved. Regional coverage varied, reflecting the distribution of dermatologists, the ratio of public to private healthcare, and difficulties in recruiting certain clinics. This study highlights the importance of a nationwide registry when managing systemic pharmacotherapy of atopic dermatitis.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Magnus N., et al.
(författare)
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Prophylactic mastectomy – Correlation between skin flap thickness and residual glandular tissue evaluated postoperatively by imaging
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery. - : Elsevier. - 1748-6815 .- 1878-0539. ; 75:6, s. 1813-1819
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Women with an increased hereditary risk of breast cancer can undergo risk-reducing prophylactic mastectomy. However, there is a balance between how much subcutaneous tissue should be resected to achieve maximal reduction of glandular tissue, while leaving viable skin flaps.Methods: Forty-five women previously operated with prophylactic mastectomy underwent magnetic resonance tomography (MRT) and ultrasound (US) to investigate the correlation between skin flap thickness and residual glandular tissue. Residual glandular tissue was documented as being present or not present, but not quantified, as the amount of residual glandular tissue in many cases was considered too small to make reliable volume quantifications with available tools. Since a mastectomy skin flap thickness of 5 mm is discussed as an oncologically safe thickness in the literature, this was used as a cut-off.Results: Following prophylactic mastectomy, residual glandular tissue was detected in 39.3% of all breasts and 27.9% of all the breast quadrants examined by MRT, and 44.1% of all breasts and 21.7% of all the breast quadrants examined by US. Residual glandular tissue was detected in 6.9% of the quadrants in skin flaps ≤ 5 mm and in 37.5% of the quadrants in skin flaps > 5 mm (OR 3.07; CI = 1.41–6.67; p = 0.005). Furthermore, residual glandular tissue increased significantly already when the skin flap thickness exceeded 7 mm.Conclusions: This study highlights that complete removal of glandular breast tissue during a mastectomy is difficult and suggests that this is an unattainable goal. We demonstrate that residual glandular tissue is significantly higher in skin flaps > 5 mm in comparison to skin flaps ≤ 5 mm, and that residual glandular tissue increases significantly already when the flap thickness exceeds 7 mm.
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| 6. |
- Appelros, Frida, et al.
(författare)
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On the role of the frontal projection in videoradiography of velopharynx in decision-making for a velopharyngeal flap plasty in patients with cleft palate
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery. - 2000-656X. ; 54:4, s. 255-259
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite uneventful primary surgery, patients with cleft palate may experience velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) and hypernasal speech. Videoradiography of velopharynx is a commonly used method to visualize velopharyngeal function and a velopharyngeal flap is often used to counteract VPI. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the frontal projection on videoradiography plays a role in the decision-making about velopharyngeal flap surgery, or possibly the width and orientation of the flap. A secondary aim was to evaluate the effect of the flap in improving velopharyngeal function. Between 2007 and 2016, 75 patients had received a flap at our department. During the same period of time, 41 patients who had undergone videoradiography did not receive a flap. Medical records, particularly regarding speech assessments, videoradiography statements and operating records, were scrutinised to seek information about the factors leading up to the decision about whether or not to perform a flap. In only one instance, reduced lateral pharyngeal wall movement found on the frontal projection was clearly taken into account when deciding to refrain from performing a velopharyngeal flap. Only a slight agreement was found between pre-operative speech assessment and findings in videoradiography. Hypernasality was reduced by flap surgery in 97% of the patients. We conclude the frontal projection of the videoradiographic examination seems to have no crucial role in the decision-making on performing a velopharyngeal flap or not in patients with cleft palate. Even with reduced lateral pharyngeal wall movement, a velopharyngeal flap effectively reduces hypernasality and VPI.
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| 7. |
- Aring, Eva, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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The FASD Eye Code: a complementary diagnostic tool in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders
- 2021
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Ingår i: Bmj Open Ophthalmology. - : BMJ. - 2397-3269. ; 6:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective To create an easy-to-use complementary ophthalmological tool to support a fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) diagnosis. Methods and Analysis The FASD Eye Code was derived from 37 children with FASD evaluated along with 65 healthy age-matched and sex-matched controls. Four ophthalmological categories, which are abnormalities commonly found in children with FASD, were ranked independently on a 4-point scale, with 1 reflecting normal finding and 4 a strong presence of an abnormality: visual acuity, refraction, strabismus/binocular function and ocular structural abnormalities. The tool was validated on 33 children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), 57 children born moderate-to-late premature (MLP) and 16 children with Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS). Among children with ADHD none was born prematurely or small for gestational age (SGA) or diagnosed with FASD. Among children born MLP none was SGA, had a diagnosis of ADHD or FASD, or a history of retinopathy of prematurity. Children with SRS were all born SGA, half were born preterm and none had FASD. Children with FASD were re-examined as young adults. Results An FASD Eye Code cut-off total score of >= 10 showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.78 (95% CI 0.69 to 0.87), with 94% specificity and 43% sensitivity, in discriminating between FASD and controls, MLP and ADHD, corresponding to a positive likelihood ratio (LR+) of 7.5. Between FASD and controls, an AUC of 0.87 (CI 0.80 to 0.95), with 100% specificity and 43% sensitivity, was found; between FASD and SRS, an AUC of 0.60 (CI 0.45 to 0.75) was found, with 88% specificity and 43% sensitivity. A cut-off score of >= 9 showed a specificity of 98% and a sensitivity of 57% for FASD versus controls, corresponding to an LR+ of 36.9. Scores in individuals with FASD were stable into young adulthood. Conclusion The FASD Eye Code has the potential to serve as a complementary tool and help to strengthen an FASD diagnosis.
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| 10. |
- Axling, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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The Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum299v on Iron Status and Physical Performance in Female Iron-Deficient Athletes : A Randomized Controlled Trial
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nutrients. - : MDPI. - 2072-6643. ; 12:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Iron is an essential micronutrient for oxygen transport and mitochondrial metabolism and is critical for physical performance. Compromised iron stores are more commonly found among athletes, and females are especially at risk. Iron deficiency is generally treated using oral iron supplements. However, only a small proportion of ingested iron is absorbed, necessitating higher intakes, which may result in adverse side effects, reduced compliance, and inefficient repletion of iron stores. The probiotic strainLactobacillus plantarum299v (Lp299v) significantly increases intestinal iron absorption in meal studies. The present study was conducted to explore the effects of 20 mg of iron with or without Lp299v on iron status, mood state, and physical performance. Fifty-three healthy non-anemic female athletes with low iron stores (ferritin < 30 mu g/L) were randomized, and 39 completed the study. Intake of Lp299v with iron for four weeks increased ferritin levels more than iron alone (13.6 vs. 8.2 mu g/L), but the difference between the groups was not significant (p= 0.056). The mean reticulocyte hemoglobin content increased after intake of Lp299v compared to control (1.5 vs. 0.82 pg) after 12 weeks, but the difference between the group was not significant (p= 0.083). The Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire showed increased vigor with Lp299v vs. iron alone after 12 weeks (3.5 vs. 0.1,p= 0.015). No conclusive effects on physical performance were observed. In conclusion, Lp299v, together with 20 mg of iron, could result in a more substantial and rapid improvement in iron status and improved vigor compared to 20 mg of iron alone. A larger clinical trial is needed to further explore these findings as well as the impact of Lp299v on physical performance.
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