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- Svensson, Maria, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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När sagans problem utmanar och inspirerar - en studie av förskolebarns arbete med tekniska lösningar
- 2019
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Ingår i: NorDiNa : Nordic Studies in Science Education. - 1504-4556. ; 15:1, s. 79-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study is to contribute with knowledge about children’s practical work and communica-tion in a technology-related problem solving activity, based on a fairy tale. More research about tech-nology in preschool is needed, especially concerning children’s knowledge in relation to the techno-logy (design) process. The study was conducted in a pre-school with two pre-school teachers. Children’s problem solving activities was documented by video recordings on four occasions. The results showed that the children worked with most parts in the technology process. The fairy tale contextualized the problem, sketches were used to communicate ideas and children’s solutions were inspired by the story as well as their experiences from everyday life. Combining the known (the fairy tale) and the unknown (the technology content) proves to be fruitful when solving a technology-related problem where imagination, knowledge and experience is required
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- Svensson, Maria, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainable development is part of all technology education! - A technology teacher perspective on the relation between technology education and sustainable development
- 2016
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Ingår i: PATT 32 - TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION FOR 21st CENTURY SKILLS. ; 32
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Technology in today’s society needs to be constantly exposed to consequence analyses related to sustainable development. Industries, inventors and educators working with technology development have a responsibility to develop technology that meets the demands of sustainability in terms of ecological, economic and social aspects (Jucker and Mathar, 2015). The emerging global crisis requires educational responses that evolve knowledge about technology beyond single innovations or artefacts towards technological systems that embraces social, environmental and sustainable issues (Elshof, 2009; Pavlova, 2013). Education in technology requires a holistic treatment and at the same time maintaining a connection to everyday life. Regarding the development of technology education this can mean a development of understanding of flows such as matter, energy and information in different systems e.g. mobile phone systems and water and sewage systems (Svensson, 2011). Using a systemic approach in technology education may open for new possibilities to understand the connection between technology and sustainable development. In this pilot-study technology teachers’ perception of the relation between technology education and education for sustainable development (hereinafter referred to as ESD) have been conducted using a questionnaire with open-ended questions. The conventional content analysis (Hsieh and Shannon, 2005) was used on text data. The results indicate that technology teachers in the Swedish compulsory school believe that sustainable development is closely linked to technology and technology education. They describe an understanding of technology and sustainable development as systemic. However, when it comes to the teaching the main activities are described with a focus on products and life-cycle analysis, from raw material to a product, which could be understood as a linear process and thus cannot fully be seen as a systemic approach.
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- Svensson, Maria, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Teaching and learning system thinking in technology
- 2015
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Ingår i: Plurality and Complementarity of Approaches in Design and Technology Education: PATT29 conference proceedings. Apr 2015, Marseille, France. - Marseille : Presses Universitaires de Provence. - 9782853999946 ; , s. 404-409, s. 404-409
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Complex technological systems have emerged during the last decade as an important strand in technology teaching in several national curricula for compulsory school. However, even though understanding the systemic aspects and connected nature of contemporary society, it remains unclear what such understanding entails in detail, and even more unclear what may constitute good teaching. We present the results from a teaching-learning design project on the topic of large societal and complex technological systems, which are seen as constituted of transformation and transport, acting on matter, energy and information. The main results are a suggested and evaluated plan of teaching developed in collaboration with a team of technology teachers, as well as descriptions of how pupils’ system thinking is constituted in terms of four basic aspects: Resource and intention of the system; System component constitution; Process and transformation in components and system; Network character. In total, a teaching plan spanning four lessons was realised in four different classrooms, with classes’ sizes ranging 15 to 25 pupils in the ages 14 and 15. The teaching design progresses through focusing specific parts of various systems, for example the transformation of polluted water to clean water in a water purification plant as part of the water supply system. There is an emphasis on the function of the part in relation to the system on the one hand, and on how the part is and can be realised technically, taking care to relate the latter to what is taken up in other curricular strands of technology. The last part focuses the examination of technological systems as constituted by interacting and meaningful parts, where their network nature may emerge.
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- Valiente Bermejo, María Asunción, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Influenza del gas di protezione sul comportamento e le proprietà di giunti sa dati di acciai duplex e superduplex : Effect of shielding gas on welding performance and properties of duplex and superduplex stainless steel welds
- 2016
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Ingår i: Rivista Italiana della Saldatura. - : Istituto Italiano della Saldatura. - 0035-6794. ; 68:5, s. 635-650
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The influence of shielding gases on welding performance and on properties of duplex and superduplex stainless steel welds was studied. Using argon as the reference gas, helium, nitrogen and carbon dioxide were added and five mixtures evaluated. Bead-on-plate welds and circumferential pipe welds were produced using mechanised GMA welding in the downhand position. Welding performance, corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, microstructural features and weld imperfections were assessed and related to the shielding gas. Shielding gases containing 30% helium showed excellent results; whilst pure argon showed unstable arc and poor weld pool fluidity and Ar + 2% CO2resulted in underfill and porosity. Mixtures containing helium resulted in higher ductility welds and higher impact toughness values than welds produced with Ar + 2% CO2. Sound and balanced duplex microstructures free from intermetallics were found with suitable ferrite contents for all the shielding gases studied. All the duplex pipe welds passed the corrosion test regardless of the shielding gas used, and the best results in the corrosion test for superduplex pipe welds were found when using Ar + 30%He + 0.5% CO2+ 1.8% N2as shielding gas.
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- Valiente Bermejo, María Asunción, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Monitoring Thermal Cycles in Multi-pass Welding
- 2016
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Ingår i: The 7th International Swedish Production Symposium, SPS16, Conference Proceedings. - : Swedish Production Academy. ; , s. 1-5
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Differently from any previous investigation in welding, this research work presents a novel development that allows temperature to be measured and recorded simultaneously with up to 32 thermocouples indifferent locations of a welding joint. Four experiments were designed to optimise the measurement technique by comparing the performance of three types of thermocouples (K, N, C) insulated with different materials and varying the insertion technique of the thermocouples in the joint. Results showed that type-K thermocouple had the best performance and proved that glass fibre insulation provided better protection than Inconel. The optimised measurement procedure developed in this work enables to monitor the thermal cycles in multi-pass welds. That information is essential in multi-pass welding of materials such as super duplex stainless steels, carbon steels or nickel alloys, as heating them repeatedly makes them susceptible to the formation of brittle phases and in turn it influences their mechanical and corrosion properties. This technique could be really important for future applications such as temperature modellingor prediction of mechanical properties and microstructure in relation to the thermal cycle experienced by alloys susceptible to the formation of undesirable phases.
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- Åberg, N David, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of Cardiovascular Fitness and Muscle Strength in Early Adulthood on Long-Term Risk of Stroke in Swedish Men
- 2015
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Ingår i: Stroke. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0039-2499 .- 1524-4628. ; 46:7, s. 1769-1776
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Purpose Low cardiovascular fitness (fitness) in mid- and late life is a risk factor for stroke. However, the respective effects on long-term stroke risk of fitness and muscle strength in early adulthood are unknown. Therefore, we analyzed these in a large cohort of young men. Method We performed a population-based longitudinal cohort study of Swedish male conscripts registered in 1968 to 2005. Data on fitness (by the cycle ergometric test; n=1 166 035) and muscle strength (n=1 563 750) were trichotomized (low, medium, and high). During a 42-year follow-up, risk of stroke (subarachnoidal hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage, and ischemic stroke) and fatality were calculated with Cox proportional hazards models. To identify cases, we used the International Classification of Diseases-Eighth to Tenth Revision in the Hospital Discharge Register and the Cause of Death Register. Results First-time stroke events were identified (subarachnoidal hemorrhage, n=895; intracerebral hemorrhage, n=2904; ischemic stroke, n=7767). For all stroke and fatality analysis any type of first-time stroke was recorded (n=10 917). There were inverse relationships in a dose-response fashion between fitness and muscle strength with any stroke (adjusted hazard ratios for the lowest, compared with the highest, tertile of each 1.70 [1.50-1.93] and 1.39 [1.27-1.53], respectively). There were stronger associations for fatal stroke. All 3 stroke types displayed similar associations. Associations between fitness and stroke remained when adjusted for muscle strength, whereas associations between muscle strength and stroke weakened/disappeared when adjusted for fitness. Conclusions At the age of 18 years, low fitness and to a lesser degree low muscle strength were independently associated with an increased future stroke risk.
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