| 1. |
- Ahlberg, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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"Vi klimatforskare stödjer Greta och skolungdomarna"
- 2019
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Ingår i: Dagens nyheter (DN debatt). - 1101-2447.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- DN DEBATT 15/3. Sedan industrialiseringens början har vi använt omkring fyra femtedelar av den mängd fossilt kol som får förbrännas för att vi ska klara Parisavtalet. Vi har bara en femtedel kvar och det är bråttom att kraftigt reducera utsläppen. Det har Greta Thunberg och de strejkande ungdomarna förstått. Därför stödjer vi deras krav, skriver 270 klimatforskare.
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| 2. |
- Diepgen, Thomas L, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of Contact Allergy to p-Phenylenediamine in the European General Population.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Investigative Dermatology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1523-1747 .- 0022-202X. ; 136:2, s. 409-415
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Population-based studies on contact allergy to p-phenylenediamine (PPD) are scarce. A cross-sectional study was performed to assess the prevalence of contact allergy to PPD and its risk factors in the general population of 5 European countries. A total of 10,425 subjects were interviewed, and a random sample (n = 2,739) was patch tested to PPD. Overall, 5,286 individuals (50.9%) reported having used hair colorants at least once in their lifetime (78% female, 20% male), and 35% had used hair colorants during the last 12 months. Hair colorant avoidance because of any skin problem during the lifetime was reported by 6%. Black henna tattoos had been used by 5.5% during their lifetime. The prevalence of PPD contact allergy was 0.8% (95% confidence interval 0.6-1.0%), with no statistically significant association with gender or hair dye use. The prevalence of PPD in black henna tattoo users was 3.2% versus 0.6% in nonusers (P < 0.001). A clinically relevant positive patch test reaction to PPD related to hair coloring products was found in 0.1% (95% confidence interval 0.0-0.2%). A significant association with PPD contact allergy was observed for subjects who had black henna tattoos in their lifetime, with an age- and gender-adjusted odds ratio of 9.33 (95% confidence interval 3.45-25.26, P < 0.001). Black henna tattoos are an important risk factor for PPD contact allergy.
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| 3. |
- Grahnemo, Louise, et al.
(författare)
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Trabecular bone loss in collagen antibody-induced arthritis
- 2015
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Ingår i: Arthritis Research & Therapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1478-6354. ; 17:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Postmenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have increased risk of developing osteoporosis due to chronic inflammation and estrogen deprivation. Collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA), an experimental polyarthritis model representing the effector phase of arthritis, is mainly mediated by the innate immune system. Compared to the widely used collagen-induced arthritis model, CAIA is conveniently short and can be used in C57BL/6 mice, enabling studies with knock-out mice. However, the impact on bone of the CAIA model in C57BL/6 mice has not previously been studied. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine if CAIA can be used to study postmenopausal arthritis-induced osteoporosis. Methods: CAIA was induced by administration of collagen-type II antibodies and lipopolysaccharide to ovariectomized female C57BL/6J mice. Control mice received lipopolysaccharide, but no antibodies. Nine days later, femurs were collected for high-resolution micro-CT and histomorphometry. Serum was used to assess cartilage breakdown and levels of complement. Frequencies of immune cell subsets from bone marrow and lymph nodes were analyzed by flow cytometery. Results: Trabecular bone mass was decreased and associated with increased number of osteoclasts per bone surface in the CAIA model. Also, the frequency of interleukin-17(+) cells in lymph nodes was increased in CAIA. Conclusion: The present study show that CAIA, a short reproducible arthritis model that is compatible with C57BL/6 mice, is associated with increased number of osteoclasts and trabecular bone loss.
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| 4. |
- Ofenloch, Robert F., et al.
(författare)
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Cross-Cultural Validation of the Quality of Life in Hand Eczema Questionnaire (QOLHEQ)
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Investigative Dermatology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-202X. ; 137:7, s. 1454-1460
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Quality of Life in Hand Eczema Questionnaire (QOLHEQ) is the only instrument assessing disease-specific health-related quality of life in patients with hand eczema. It is available in eight language versions. In this study we assessed if the items of different language versions of the QOLHEQ yield comparable values across countries. An international multicenter study was conducted with participating centers in Finland, Germany, Japan, The Netherlands, Sweden, and Turkey. Methods of item response theory were applied to each subscale to assess differential item functioning for items among countries. Overall, 662 hand eczema patients were recruited into the study. Single items were removed or split according to the item response theory model by country to resolve differential item functioning. After this adjustment, none of the four subscales of the QOLHEQ showed significant misfit to the item response theory model (P < 0.01), and a Person Separation Index of greater than 0.7 showed good internal consistency for each subscale. By adapting the scoring of the QOLHEQ using the methods of item response theory, it was possible to obtain QOLHEQ values that are comparable across countries. Cross-cultural variations in the interpretation of single items were resolved. The QOLHEQ is now ready to be used in international studies assessing the health-related quality of life impact of hand eczema.
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| 5. |
- Petridou, Evangelia, 1972-
(författare)
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Political Entrepreneurship in Swedish : Towards a (Re)Theorization of Entrepreneurial Agency
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Public policies affect all of us, regardless of who we are or where we live. The study of public policymaking necessarily entails the study of the entire political system and to this end, researchers employ a multitude of frameworks, theories, and models, which tend to be complementary rather than mutually exclusive. The focus of this dissertation is on political entrepreneurship as an actor-based framework to examine and understand policy change. The dissertation’s main aim is to conceptually enhance entrepreneurship and the entrepreneur in the polis by leveraging them in the Swedish political context. In this research, political entrepreneurship and the political entrepreneur are examined in the background of the Swedish corporatist policymaking system with its consensual sensibilities. The five (two theoretical and three empirical) papers as well as the cover essay comprising this dissertation attempt to answer the following questions: first, how do contextual factors inform the realization of entrepreneurial agency? Second, how do contextual factors inform the strategies entrepreneurial actors use to affect change? Third, what is the role of political entrepreneurship and the political entrepreneur in macro-level theories such as critical junctures and policy transfer? Contextual factors here are understood to be the general political system; the level of governance; the substantive policy sector, and the stage of the policy process. Predominantly qualitative methods and a variety of analytical tools, ranging from formal social network analysis (SNA) to process tracing are used to investigate the research questions in the national, regional, and local levels of governance and in the fields of crisis management, risk governance, and economic development respectively. Findings suggest that overwhelmingly, political entrepreneurs come from the ranks of public officials and thus political entrepreneurship is a feature of the policy implementation stage rather than the agenda setting stage of policymaking. There is not a place for the outsider, single issue entrepreneur in the Swedish consensual system, which provides for extensive inclusion, but of actors organized in interest groups. Political entrepreneurs are action-oriented, problem solving doers, characterized by perseverance and resourcefulness and are key in consolidating policy change in the aftermath of a crisis. Though in broad terms the strategies political entrepreneurs use in the Swedish context are concomitant with the ones used in pluralistic contexts, specificities diverge. In the Swedish corporatist consensual system, political entrepreneurship becomes a conduit facilitating interconnections among a multitude of actors; opens up additional channels of communication, while the political entrepreneur is a network maker. Finally, political entrepreneurship is focused on forging a consensus rather than winning the competition: the art of quiet cooperation and collaboration.
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| 6. |
- Svensson Neufert, Rebecca, et al.
(författare)
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Rectal washout in rectal cancer surgery : A survey of Swedish practice – Questionnaire: Rectal washout in Swedish rectal cancer surgery
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Surgery Open. - : Elsevier BV. - 2405-8572. ; 15, s. 32-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: To reduce local recurrence rates when performing anterior resection in rectal cancer surgery Swedish national guidelines recommend rectal washout. This study aimed to describe current Swedish practice of rectal washout. Methods: Questionnaires were sent to Swedish surgical departments performing rectal cancer surgery. Results: Thirty-five units performed open rectal cancer surgery, and 91% (32/35) performed minimally invasive surgery. Forty percent (14/35) had a protocol on rectal washout. Rectal washout was most commonly performed using sterile water or an alcohol based solution and with a minimum volume of 100–499 ml. A catheter was used at most units, prior to transection of the rectum and with the bowel clamped. Routine use of rectal washout varied with the type of surgical procedure, with no differences between open and minimally invasive surgery: low anterior resection (97% (34/35) vs 94% (30/32); p = 0.60), high anterior resection (94% (33/35) vs 97% (31/32); p = 1.00), Hartmann's procedure (80% (28/35) vs 84% (27/32); p = 0.75), abdominoperineal resection (6% (2/35) vs 16% (5/32); p = 0.25). Conclusion: Swedish colorectal units perform rectal washout routinely with no differences between open and minimally invasive procedures. A minority have a procedure protocol.
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