| 1. |
- Cassalia, Fortunato, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of Perceptions of Skin Condition, Product Use and Allergen Reactivity Between People with Psoriasis and Controls in the European Dermato-Epidemiology Network (EDEN) Fragrance Study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Acta Dermato-Venereologica. - 0001-5555. ; 104
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Psoriasis, a chronic inflammatory skin disease, goes beyond visible symptoms and affects the general well-being of patients. The aim of this study is to understand how patients with psoriasis perceive their skin characteristics and reactivity to allergens. The study population includes 11,283 participants within the European Dermato-Epidemiology Network (EDEN) Fragrance study, covering several European regions. The study compared perceptions of skin dryness, sensitivity, product avoidance and reactivity to allergens between patients with psoriasis and controls, evaluating the potential influence of psoriasis severity. The results showed that subjects with psoriasis reported dry skin (71.1%) and sensitive skin (49.4%) more often than did controls (51.6% and 38.5%, respectively). Psoriasis patients were more likely to avoid specific products. Interestingly, there were no significant differences in patch-test results between the 2 groups and the severity of psoriasis did not have a consistent impact on these perceptions. In conclusion, people with psoriasis tend to perceive their skin as drier and more sensitive. Notably, the severity of psoriasis did not consistently influence these perceptions and objective reactivity to allergens did not align with subjective perception. Understanding these aspects is crucial for tailoring treatments to improve the well-being of patients with psoriasis, which warrants further research to explore subjective perceptions of skin well-being in patients with psoriasis.
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| 2. |
- Johansson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Valid and Reliable? : Basic and Expanded Recommendations for Psychometric Reporting and Quality Assessment
- 2023
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There is a need to improve the validity, reliability, and replicability of social and health science research and its applications through raising the quality of measurement. An important step is to establish and implement a clear and useful guideline for reporting and assessing psychometric properties of measures. We propose five basic criteria as a minimal checklist to help end users assess the quality of psychometric studies: unidimensionality; ordered response categories, invariance; targeting; and, contingent upon the previous four being fulfilled, reliability. An expanded and detailed reporting guideline is also presented, intended for use in reports and scientific publications of psychometric analyses. We argue that reliability should be reported using a Test Information Function curve, which describes the properties of the items, rather than a point estimate describing sample properties. Additionally, we present a freely available R package to streamline psychometric analysis with Rasch Measurement Theory and its documentation in line with the reporting guideline.
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| 3. |
- Kverneng Hultberg, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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The Impact of Anastomotic Leakage on Long-Term Function after Anterior Resection for Rectal Cancer
- 2020
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Ingår i: Diseases of the Colon & Rectum. - : American Society of Colon & Rectal Surgeons. - 0012-3706 .- 1530-0358. ; 63:5, s. 619-628
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: It is still not clear whether anastomotic leakage after anterior resection for rectal cancer affects long-term functional outcome.Objective: To evaluate how anastomotic leakage following anterior resection for rectal cancer influences defecatory, urinary and sexual function.Design: In this retrospective population-based cohort study, patients were identified through the Swedish Colorectal Cancer Registry, which was also used for information on the exposure variable anastomotic leakage, and covariates.Settings: A nationwide register was used for including patients.Patients: All patients undergoing anterior resection for rectal cancer in Sweden from April 2011– June 2013 were included.Main Outcome Measures: Outcome was any defecatory, sexual or urinary dysfunction, assessed two years after surgery by a postal questionnaire. The association between anastomotic leakage and function was assessed in multivariable logistic and linear regression models, with adjustment for confounding.Results: Response rate was 82%, resulting in 1180 included patients. Anastomotic leakage occurred in 7.5%. A permanent stoma was more common among leak patients (44% vs. 9%; p<0.001). Leakage patients had an increased risk of aid use for fecal incontinence (OR 2.27; 95% CI 1.20-4.30) and reduced sexual activity (90% vs. 82%; p=0.003), while the risk of urinary incontinence was decreased (OR 0.53; 95% CI 0.31-0.90). A sensitivity analysis assuming that a permanent stoma was created due to anorectal dysfunction strengthened the negative impact of leakage on defecatory dysfunction.Limitations: Limitations include the used questionnaire not having been previously validated, underreporting of anastomotic leakage in the register, and small patient numbers in the analysis of sexual symptoms.Conclusions:a Anastomotic leakage was found to statistically significantly increase the risk of aid use due to fecal incontinence and reduced sexual activity, though the impact on defecatory dysfunction might be underestimated, as permanent stomas are sometimes fashioned due to anorectal dysfunction. Further research is warranted, especially regarding urogenital function.
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| 4. |
- Melin, Jeanette, et al.
(författare)
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A sustainable organization for measurement quality assurance of category based measurements : Tasked with coordinating and ensuring reliable and comparable measurements of experiences, feelings, behaviours and abilities
- 2023
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Why?Society's need for knowledge about experiences, feelings, behaviours and abilities is increasing. It is important to know how people and society feel or how a product or service is perceived, and to be able to compare how these change over time and between different areas, for example when making decisions about priorities, efforts and effects. In order for measurements of experiences, feelings, behaviours and abilities to be useful and provide reliable data, quality-assured measurement is required for socalled category based measurements1. It is therefore necessary that basic measurement principles are applied, which is often not the case today in this field. For the physical quantities (length, mass, time, etc.) there has long been an internationally established measurement quality infrastructure. In Sweden, it is mainly RISE as the National Metrological Institute which, through its national measurement sites, is responsible for ensuring access to quality-assured and traceable measurements for society. However, the corresponding measurement quality infrastructure is so far missing for category based measurements.What?RISE has been working for several years to develop methodology and working methods for measurement quality assurance of experiences, feelings, behaviours and abilities. Through dialogue over several years with actors at various levels, including in health care and academia, it has emerged that there is a great need for support for this development. RISE has therefore produced a first draft of a possible sustainable organization for measurement quality assurance of category based measurements. A national centre for quality assurance of category based measurements would be tasked with coordinating and ensuring reliable and comparable measurements of experiences, feelings, behaviours and abilities. Such infrastructural support must make methodologies available to enable quality assurance for category based measurements. The organization must meet society's need for support by offering services based on internationally accepted metrological principles and scientific methods, as well as adopting a neutral and independent role.How?We have humility about the fact that it is a long process to establish an organization for category based measurements and that it needs to happen through a dynamic and iterative development in co-creation with the actors involved. We look forward to continuing to develop ideas and revise the proposal in dialogue in the coming years. It is also important to start a dialogue together with relevant actors about how the implementation of the organization can take place in the future.
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| 5. |
- Melin, Jeanette, et al.
(författare)
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En hållbar organisering för mätkvalitetssäkring av kategoribaserade mätningar : Med uppdrag att samordna och säkerställa tillförlitliga och jämförbara mätningar av upplevelser, känslor, beteenden och förmågor
- 2023
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Varför?Samhällets behov av kunskap om upplevelser, känslor, beteenden och förmågor ökar. Det är viktigt att veta hur personer och samhället mår eller hur en produkt eller tjänst upplevs samt att kunna jämföra hur detta förändras över tid och mellan olika områden, för att exempelvis fatta beslut om prioriteringar, insatser och effekter. För att mätningar av upplevelser, känslor, beteenden och förmågor ska vara användbara och ge tillförlitliga underlag krävs kvalitetssäkrad mätteknik för s.k. kategoribaserade mätningar. Det är alltså nödvändigt att grundläggande mättekniska principer tillämpas, vilket ofta inte är fallet i dag inom detta område. För de fysikaliska storheterna (längd, massa, tid etc.) finns sedan länge en internationellt etablerad mätkvalitetsinfrastruktur. I Sverige är det huvudsakligen RISE som Nationellt Metrologiskt Institut som genom sina riksmätplatser ansvarar för att säkerställa tillgång till kvalitetssäkrade och spårbara mätningar för samhället. Motsvarande mätkvalitetsinfrastruktur saknas dock för kategoribaserade mätningar.Vad?RISE arbetar sedan flera år för att utveckla metoder och arbetssätt för mätkvalitetssäkring av upplevelser, känslor, beteenden och förmågor. Genom dialoger med aktörer på olika nivåer, bland annat inom hälso- och sjukvården och akademin, som pågått under flera års tid har det framkommit att det finns ett stort behov av stöd för denna utveckling. RISE har därför tagit fram ett första utkast för en möjlig hållbar organisering för mätkvalitetssäkring av kategoribaserade mätningar. Ett nationellt centrum för mätkvalitetssäkring av kategoribaserade mätningar skulle ha i uppdrag att samordna och säkerställa tillförlitliga och jämförbara mätningar av upplevelser, känslor, beteenden och förmågor. Ett sådant infrastrukturellt stöd ska tillgängliggöra metodiker för att möjliggöra mätkvalitetssäkring för kategoribaserade mätningar. Organiseringen ska möta samhällets behov av stöd genom att erbjuda tjänster baserade på internationellt vedertagna mättekniska principer och vetenskapliga metoder samt ha en neutral och oberoende roll.Hur?Det finns en stor ödmjukhet kring att det är en lång process att etablera en organisering för kategoribaserade mätningar och att det behöver ske genom en dynamisk och iterativ utveckling i samskapande med berörda aktörer. Vi ser fram emot att fortsätta utveckla tankar och revidera förslaget i dialog under kommande år. Det är också viktigt att påbörja en dialog tillsammans med relevanta aktörer om hur implementeringen av organiseringen kan ske i framtiden.
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| 6. |
- Rasmussen, Sune Olander, et al.
(författare)
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Ice-core data used for the construction of the Greenland Ice-Core Chronology 2005 and 2021 (GICC05 and GICC21)
- 2023
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Ingår i: Earth System Science Data. - 1866-3508 .- 1866-3516. ; 15:8, s. 3351-3364
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We here describe, document, and make available a wide range of data sets used for annual-layer identification in ice cores from DYE-3, GRIP, NGRIP, NEEM, and EGRIP. The data stem from detailed measurements performed both on the main deep cores and shallow cores over more than 40 years using many different setups developed by research groups in several countries and comprise both discrete measurements from cut ice samples and continuous-flow analysis data.The data series were used for counting annual layers 60 000 years back in time during the construction of the Greenland Ice-Core Chronology 2005 (GICC05) and/or the revised GICC21, which currently only reaches 3800 years back. Now that the underlying data are made available (listed in Table 1) we also release the individual annual-layer positions of the GICC05 timescale which are based on these data sets.We hope that the release of the data sets will stimulate further studies of the past climate taking advantage of these highly resolved data series covering a large part of the interior of the Greenland ice sheet.
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| 7. |
- Rutegård, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Anastomotic Leakage in Relation to Type of Mesorectal Excision and Defunctioning Stoma Use in Anterior Resection for Rectal Cancer
- 2024
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Ingår i: Diseases of the Colon & Rectum. - : Springer. - 0012-3706 .- 1530-0358. ; 67:3, s. 398-405
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Anastomotic leakage after anterior resection for rectal cancer is more common after total compared to partial mesorectal excision but might be mitigated by a defunctioning stoma.OBJECTIVE: The aim is to assess how anastomotic leakage is affected by type of mesorectal excision and defunctioning stoma use.DESIGN: This is a retrospective multicenter cohort study evaluating anastomotic leakage after anterior resection. Multivariable Cox regression with hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals was employed to contrast mesorectal excision types and defunctioning stoma use with respect to anastomotic leakage, with adjustment for confounding.SETTINGS: This multicenter study included patients from 11 Swedish hospitals between 2014 and 2018.PATIENTS: Patients who underwent anterior resection for rectal cancer were included.MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES: Anastomotic leakage rates within and after 30 days of surgery are described up to one year after surgery.RESULTS: Anastomotic leakage occurred in 24.2% and 9.0% of 1126 patients operated with total and partial mesorectal excision, respectively. Partial compared to total mesorectal excision was associated with a reduction in leakage, with an adjusted HR of 0.46 (95% CI: 0.29-0.74). Early leak rates within 30 days were 14.9% with and 12.5% without a stoma, while late leak rates after 30 days were 7.5% with and 1.9% without a stoma. After adjustment, defunctioning stoma was associated with a lower early leak rate (HR 0.47; 95% CI: 0.28-0.77). However, the late leak rate was non-significantly higher in defunctioned patients (HR 1.69; 95% CI: 0.59-4.85).LIMITATIONS: This study was limited by its retrospective observational study design.CONCLUSIONS: Anastomotic leakage is common up to one year after anterior resection for rectal cancer, where partial mesorectal excision is associated with a lower leak rate. Defunctioning stomas seem to decrease the occurrence of leakage, though partially by only delaying the diagnosis.
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| 8. |
- Rutegård, Martin, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Splenic flexure mobilization and anastomotic leakage in anterior resection for rectal cancer: A multicentre cohort study.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of surgery : SJS : official organ for the Finnish Surgical Society and the Scandinavian Surgical Society. - : Sage Publications. - 1457-4969 .- 1799-7267. ; 112:4, s. 246-255
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Some colorectal surgeons advocate routine splenic flexure mobilization (SFM) when performing anterior resection for rectal cancer to ensure a tension-free anastomosis. Meta-analyses of smaller studies suggest that this approach does not influence anastomotic leakage rates, but larger multicentre studies are needed to confirm the safety of a selective strategy. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of SFM on anastomotic leakage.This is a retrospective multicentre cohort study, comprising 1109 patients operated with anterior resection for rectal cancer in 2014-2018. Exposure was SFM, while anastomotic leakage within a year constituted the outcome. Stratified analyses were performed for type of mesorectal excision and surgical approach, as well as sensitivity analysis considering vascular tie placement. Multivariable Cox regression with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was employed to adjust for confounding, while multiple imputation was used for missing data.SFM was performed in 381 patients (34.4%). Anastomotic leakage occurred in 83 (21.8%) and 123 (20.3%) patients operated with and without SFM, respectively. SFM was neither clearly detrimental nor beneficial regarding anastomotic leakage (adjusted HR = 0.82; 95% CI: 0.59-1.15), with no apparent differences for total or partial mesorectal excision and minimally invasive or open surgery. Concurrent high vascular ligation did not impact these results, and there was no evidence of interaction from centers with a more common use of SFM.SFM did not seem to influence the risk of anastomotic leakage after anterior resection for rectal cancer, regardless of type of mesorectal excision, use of minimally invasive surgery, or high vascular ligation.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Uter, Wolfgang, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of contact allergies in the population compared to a tertiary referral patch test clinic in Jena/Germany
- 2021
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Ingår i: Contact Dermatitis. - : Wiley. - 0105-1873 .- 1600-0536. ; 85:5, s. 563-571
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The contact allergy prevalences in patch-tested patients are usually higher than those in the population, owing to morbidity-driven selection. Objectives: To examine the differences between two samples, one from the population, one from the patch test clinic, in one area of Germany (Jena, Thuringia). Methods: Between August 2008 and October 2011, a total of 519 participants of the population-based european dermato-epidemiology network (EDEN) fragrance study were patch tested in Jena using a TRUE Test baseline series extended with some pet.-based (fragrance) allergen preparations. Between 2007 and 2012 (inclusive), 1906 routine patients were patch tested for suspected allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) in the Jena University Hospital Department; of these 1694 (83.2%) with the German baseline series using pet./aq.-based, investigator-loaded allergens. Results: In the population (clinical) sample, 19.6% (41.1%) were sensitized to at least one of the allergens considered. The most common baseline series allergens in the population/clinical sample were nickel (10.5%/13.2%), fragrance mix (FM) II (2.9%/6.7%), FM I (2.3%/8.3%), and cobalt (1.6%/5%). The clinical sample was slightly older (71.5% vs 55.9% age 40+) and included less males (36% vs 49.3%). Conclusions: Results are quite similar, although prevalences are usually higher in the clinical setting, with the exception of p-tert-butylphenol formaldehyde resin.
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