| 1. |
- Felton, Adam, et al.
(författare)
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Correction to: Keeping pace with forestry : Multi-scale conservation in a changing production forest matrix (vol 49, pg 1050, 2020)
- 2020
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Ingår i: Ambio. - : Springer. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 49:5, s. 1065-1066
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the original published article, the sentence “Nevertheless, semi-natural forest remnants continue to be harvested and fragmented (Svensson et al. 2018; Jonsson et al. 2019), and over 2000 forest-associated species (of 15 000 assessed) are listed as threatened on Sweden’s red-list, largely represented by macro-fungi, beetles, lichens and butterflies (Sandström 2015).”under the section Introduction was incorrect. The correct version of the sentence is “Nevertheless, semi-natural forest remnants continue to be harvested and fragmented (Svensson et al. 2018; Jonsson et al. 2019), and approximately 2000 forest-associated species (of 15 000 assessed) are on Sweden’s red-list, largely represented by macro-fungi, beetles, lichens and butterflies (Sandström 2015).”
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| 2. |
- Nilsen, M. S., et al.
(författare)
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3-Hydroxyisobutyrate, A Strong Marker of Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity That Modulates White and Brown Adipocyte Metabolism
- 2020
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Ingår i: Diabetes. - : American Diabetes Association. - 0012-1797 .- 1939-327X. ; 69:9, s. 1903-1916
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Circulating branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) associate with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. 3-Hydroxyisobutyrate (3-HIB) is a catabolic intermediate of the BCAA valine. In this study, we show that in a cohort of 4,942 men and women, circulating 3-HIB is elevated according to levels of hyperglycemia and established type 2 diabetes. In complementary cohorts with measures of insulin resistance, we found positive correlates for circulating 3-HIB concentrations with HOMA2 of insulin resistance, as well as a transient increase in 3-HIB followed by a marked decrease after bariatric surgery and weight loss. During differentiation, both white and brown adipocytes upregulate BCAA utilization and release increasing amounts of 3-HIB. Knockdown of the 3-HIB-forming enzyme 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase decreases release of 3-HIB and lipid accumulation in both cell types. Conversely, addition of 3-HIB to white and brown adipocyte cultures increases fatty acid uptake and modulated insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in a time-dependent manner. Finally, 3-HIB treatment decreases mitochondrial oxygen consumption and generation of reactive oxygen species in white adipocytes, while increasing these measures in brown adipocytes. Our data establish 3-HIB as a novel adipocyte-derived regulator of adipocyte subtype-specific functions strongly linked to obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes.
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| 3. |
- Warme, Jonatan, et al.
(författare)
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Helicobacter pylori and Pro-Inflammatory Protein Biomarkers in Myocardial Infarction with and without Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Molecular Sciences. - : MDPI AG. - 1661-6596 .- 1422-0067. ; 44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Myocardial infarction (MI) with obstructive coronary artery disease (MI-CAD) and MI in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease (MINOCA) affect different populations and may have separate pathophysiological mechanisms, with greater inflammatory activity in MINOCA compared to MI-CAD. Helicobacter pylori (Hp) can cause systemic inflammation and has been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aimed to investigate whether Hp infection is associated with concentrations of protein biomarkers of inflammation and CVD. In a case-control study, patients with MINOCA (n = 99) in Sweden were included, complemented by matched subjects with MI-CAD (n = 99) and controls (n = 100). Protein biomarkers were measured with a proximity extension assay in plasma samples collected 3 months after MI. The seroprevalence of Hp and cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) was determined using ELISA. The associations between protein levels and Hp status were studied with linear regression. The prevalence of Hp was 20.2%, 19.2%, and 16.0% for MINOCA, MI-CAD, and controls, respectively (p = 0.73). Seven proteins were associated with Hp in an adjusted model: tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), interleukin-6 (IL-6), myeloperoxidase (MPO), TNF-related activation-induced cytokine (TRANCE), pappalysin-1 (PAPPA), soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), and P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1). Hp infection was present in one in five patients with MI, irrespective of the presence of obstructive CAD. Inflammatory proteins were elevated in Hp-positive subjects, thus not ruling out that Hp may promote an inflammatory response and potentially contribute to the development of CVD.
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| 4. |
- Jersin, R. A., et al.
(författare)
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Role of the Neutral Amino Acid Transporter SLC7A10 in Adipocyte Lipid Storage, Obesity, and Insulin Resistance
- 2021
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Ingår i: Diabetes. - : American Diabetes Association. - 0012-1797 .- 1939-327X. ; 70:3, s. 680-695
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Elucidation of mechanisms that govern lipid storage, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance may lead to improved therapeutic options for type 2 diabetes and other obesity-related diseases. Here, we find that adipose expression of the small neutral amino acid transporter SLC7A10, also known as alanine-serine-cysteine transporter-1 (ASC-1), shows strong inverse correlates with visceral adiposity, insulin resistance, and adipocyte hypertrophy across multiple cohorts. Concordantly, loss of Slc7a10 function in zebrafish in vivo accelerates diet-induced body weight gain and adipocyte enlargement. Mechanistically, SLC7A10 inhibition in human and murine adipocytes decreases adipocyte serine uptake and total glutathione levels and promotes reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Conversely, SLC7A10 overexpression decreases ROS generation and increases mitochondrial respiratory capacity. RNA sequencing revealed consistent changes in gene expression between human adipocytes and zebrafish visceral adipose tissue following loss of SLC7A10, e.g., upregulation of SCD (lipid storage) and downregulation of CPT1A (lipid oxidation). Interestingly, ROS scavenger reduced lipid accumulation and attenuated the lipid-storing effect of SLC7A10 inhibition. These data uncover adipocyte SLC7A10 as a novel important regulator of adipocyte resilience to nutrient and oxidative stress, in part by enhancing glutathione levels and mitochondrial respiration, conducive to decreased ROS generation, lipid accumulation, adipocyte hypertrophy, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes.
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| 5. |
- Taube, Magdalena, et al.
(författare)
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Association of Bariatric Surgery With Skin Cancer Incidence in Adults With Obesity: A Nonrandomized Controlled Trial.
- 2020
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Ingår i: JAMA dermatology. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2168-6084 .- 2168-6068. ; 156:1, s. 38-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Obesity is a cancer risk factor, and bariatric surgery in patients with obesity is associated with reduced cancer risk. However, evidence of an association among obesity, bariatric surgery, and skin cancer, including melanoma, is limited.To investigate the association of bariatric surgery with skin cancer (squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma) and melanoma incidence.This nonrandomized controlled trial, the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study, is ongoing at 25 surgical departments and 480 primary health care centers in Sweden and was designed to examine outcomes after bariatric surgery. The study included 2007 patients with obesity who underwent bariatric surgery and 2040 contemporaneously matched controls who received conventional obesity treatment. Patients were enrolled between September 1, 1987, and January 31, 2001. Data analysis was performed from June 29, 2018, to November 22, 2018.Patients in the surgery group underwent gastric bypass (n=266), banding (n=376), or vertical banded gastroplasty (n=1365). The control group (n=2040) received the customary treatment for obesity at their primary health care centers.The SOS study was cross-linked to the Swedish National Cancer Registry, the Cause of Death Registry, and the Registry of the Total Population for data on cancer incidence, death, and emigration.The study included 4047 participants (mean [SD] age, 47.9 [6.1] years; 2867 [70.8%] female). Information on cancer events was available for 4042 patients. The study found that bariatric surgery was associated with a markedly reduced risk of melanoma (adjusted subhazard ratio, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.21-0.87; P=.02; median follow-up, 18.1 years) and risk of skin cancer in general (adjusted subhazard ratio, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.35-0.99; P=.047). The skin cancer risk reduction was not associated with baseline body mass index or weight; insulin, glucose, lipid, and creatinine levels; diabetes; blood pressure; alcohol intake; or smoking.The results of this study suggest that bariatric surgery in individuals with obesity is associated with a reduced risk of skin cancer, including melanoma.ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01479452.
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