| 1. |
- Ahrens, J, et al.
(författare)
-
Intermediate resonance excitation in the gamma p -> p pi(0)pi(0) reaction
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Physics Letters. Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 624:3-4, s. 173-180
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The helicity dependence of the total cross section for the (gamma) over right arrow(p) over right arrow -> p pi(0)pi(0) reaction has been measured for the first time at incident photon energies from 400 to 800 MeV. The measurement, performed at the tagged photon beam facility of the MAMI accelerator in Mainz, used the large acceptance detector DAPHNE and a longitudinally polarized frozen-spin target. This channel is found to be excited predominantly when the photon and proton have a parallel spin orientation, most likely due to the intermediate production of the D-13(1520) resonance. However, the contribution of the antiparallel spin configuration, arising from other reaction mechanisms, is also not negligible. This result gives important new information to resolve the existing model discrepancies in the identification of the nucleon resonances contributing to this channel.
|
|
| 2. |
- Dutz, H, et al.
(författare)
-
Measurement of helicity-dependent photoabsorption cross sections on the neutron from 815 to 1825 MeV
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114. ; 94
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Helicity-dependent total photoabsorption cross sections on the deuteron have been measured for the first time at ELSA (Bonn) in the photon energy range from 815 to 1825 MeV. Circularly polarized tagged photons impinging on a longitudinally polarized LiD target have been used together with a highly efficient 4 pi detector system. The data around 1 GeV are not compatible with predictions from existing multipole analyses. From the measured energy range an experimental contribution to the GDH integral on the neutron of [33.9 +/- 5.5(stat)+/- 4.5(syst)] mu b is extracted.
|
|
| 3. |
- Tamás, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
-
Postinjury administration of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) attenuates traumatically induced axonal injury in rats
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Journal of Neurotrauma. - : Mary Ann Liebert. - 0897-7151 .- 1557-9042. ; 23:5, s. 686-695
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) has several different actions in the nervous system. Numerous studies have shown its neuroprotective effects both in vitro and in vivo. Previously, it has been demonstrated that PACAP reduces brain damage in rat models of global and focal cerebral ischemia. Based on the protective effects of PACAP in cerebral ischemia and the presence of common pathogenic mechanisms in cerebral ischemia and traumatic brain injury (TBI), the aim of the present study was to investigate the possible protective effect of PACAP administered 30 min or 1 h postinjury in a rat model of diffuse axonal injury. Adult Wistar male rats were subjected to impact acceleration, and PACAP was administered intracerebroventricularly 30 min (n = 4), and 1 h after the injury (n = 5). Control animals received the same volume of vehicle at both time-points (n = 5). Two hours after the injury, brains were processed for immunohistochemical localization of damaged axonal profiles displaying either beta-amyloid precursor protein (beta-APP) or RMO-14 immunoreactivity, both considered markers of specific features of traumatic axonal injury. Our results show that treatment with PACAP (100 microg) 30 min or 1 h after the induction of TBI resulted in a significant reduction of the density of beta-APP-immunopositive axon profiles in the corticospinal tract (CSpT). There was no significant difference between the density of beta-APP-immunopositive axons in the medial longitudinal fascicle (MLF). PACAP treatment did not result in significantly different number of RMO-14-immunopositive axonal profiles in either brain areas 2 hours post-injury compared to normal animals. While the results of this study highlighted the complexity of the pathogenesis and manifestation of diffuse axonal injury, they also indicate that PACAP should be considered a potential therapeutic agent in TBI.
|
|
| 4. |
- Boraschi, Diana, et al.
(författare)
-
Immunity against HIV/AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis during co-infections with neglected infectious diseases: recommendations for the European Union research priorities.
- 2008
-
Ingår i: PLoS neglected tropical diseases. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1935-2735. ; 2:6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Infectious diseases remain a major health and socioeconomic problem in many low-income countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. For many years, the three most devastating diseases, HIV/AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis (TB) have received most of the world's attention. However, in rural and impoverished urban areas, a number of infectious diseases remain neglected and cause massive suffering. It has been calculated that a group of 13 neglected infectious diseases affects over one billion people, corresponding to a sixth of the world's population. These diseases include infections with different types of worms and parasites, cholera, and sleeping sickness, and can cause significant mortality and severe disabilities in low-income countries. For most of these diseases, vaccines are either not available, poorly effective, or too expensive. Moreover, these neglected diseases often occur in individuals who are also affected by HIV/AIDS, malaria, or TB, making the problem even more serious and indicating that co-infections are the rule rather than the exception in many geographical areas. To address the importance of combating co-infections, scientists from 14 different countries in Africa and Europe met in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, on September 9-11, 2007. The message coming from these scientists is that the only possibility for winning the fight against infections in low-income countries is by studying, in the most global way possible, the complex interaction between different infections and conditions of malnourishment. The new scientific and technical tools of the post-genomic era can allow us to reach this goal. However, a concomitant effort in improving education and social conditions will be needed to make the scientific findings effective.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Ma, Ying-Juan, et al.
(författare)
-
3D global multi-species Hall-MHD simulation of the Cassini T9 flyby
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Geophysical Research Letters. - 0094-8276 .- 1944-8007. ; 34:24, s. L24S10-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The wake region of Titan is an important component of Titan's interaction with its surrounding plasma and therefore a thorough understanding of its formation and structure is of primary interest. The Cassini spacecraft passed through the distant downstream region of Titan on 18: 59: 30 UT Dec. 26, 2005, which is referred to as the T9 flyby and provided a great opportunity to test our understanding of the highly dynamic wake region. In this paper we compare the observational data (from the magnetometer, plasma analyzer and Langmuir probe) with numerical results using a 7-species Hall MHD Titan model. There is a good agreement between the observed and modeled parameters, given the uncertainties in plasma measurements and the approximations inherent in the Hall MHD model. Our simulation results also show that Hall MHD model results fit the observations better than the non-Hall MHD model for the flyby, consistent with the importance of kinetic effects in the Titan interaction. Based on the model results, we also identify various regions near Titan where Hall MHD models are applicable.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
