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- Tarekegn, Getinet Mekuriaw
(författare)
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Mitochondrial DNA variation reveals maternal origins and demographic dynamics of Ethiopian indigenous goats
- 2018
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Ingår i: Ecology and Evolution. - : Wiley. - 2045-7758. ; 8, s. 1543-1553
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Horn of Africa forms one of the two main historical entry points of domestics into the continent and Ethiopia is particularly important in this regard. Through the analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) d-loop region in 309 individuals from 13 populations, we reveal the maternal genetic variation and demographic dynamics of Ethiopian indigenous goats. A total of 174 variable sites that generated 231 haplotypes were observed. They defined two haplogroups that were present in all the 13 study populations. Reference haplotypes from the six globally defined goat mtDNA haplogroups show the two haplogroups present in Ethiopia to be A and G, the former being the most predominant. Although both haplogroups are characterized by an increase in effective population sizes (N-e) predating domestication, they also have experienced a decline in N-e at different time periods, suggesting different demographic histories. We observed seven haplotypes, six were directly linked to the central haplotypes of the two haplogroups and one was central to haplogroup G. The seven haplotypes were common between Ethiopia, Kenya, Egypt, and Saudi Arabia populations, suggesting common maternal history and the introduction of goats into East Africa via Egypt and the Arabian Peninsula, respectively. While providing new mtDNA data from a historically important region, our results suggest extensive intermixing of goats mediated by human socio-cultural and economic interactions. These have led to the coexistence of the two haplogroups in different geographic regions in Ethiopia resulting in a large caprine genetic diversity that can be exploited for genetic improvement.
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- Tarekegn, Getinet Mekuriaw
(författare)
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Performance evaluation of abergelle goat under community based breeding program in selected districts, Northern Ethiopia
- 2018
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Ingår i: Livestock Research For Rural Development. - 0121-3784 .- 2521-9952. ; 30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to evaluate body weight and milk yield improvement under community based breeding program (CBBP) in Tanqua-Abergele and Ziquala districts of Northern Ethiopia. A total of 1540 progenies (1249 for body weight and 291 for milk yield) from base flocks and selected bucks were used to evaluate genetic improvements of selective breeding. General linear model procedures were employed to evaluate selective breeding progress based on body weight and milk yield of progenies of base flocks and selected bucks. The result revealed that birth weight of progenies of selected bucks (2.39±0.02 kg) were significantly (p<0.001) heavier than base flock progenies (2.17±0.02 kg). However, the weight improvement is not continued in the subsequent growth stages. The daily milk yield of progenies of selected bucks was 372±14.8 ml significantly (p<0.05) lower than base flock does (408±6.72 ml). Moreover, there was significant variation of daily milk yield (p<0.05) between the goat populations in the study districts (404±14.2 ml in Tanqua-Abergele and 375±7.10 ml in Ziquala) and seasons (403±11.2 ml in wet and 376±8.49 ml in dry). There was no considerable improvement observed on body weight and milk yield in the CBBP, which could be influenced by environmental factors or lack of proper implementation of the selective breeding program or it could be because of the few generations used for the study. However, the study also revealed slight improvement in the fourth year of selective breeding, indicating that breeding goals require selective breeding in successive generations to achieve success.
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- Tarekegn, Getinet Mekuriaw
(författare)
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Variations in mitochondrial cytochrome b region among Ethiopian indigenous cattle populations assert Bos taurus maternal origin and historical dynamics
- 2018
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Ingår i: Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences. - : Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies. - 1011-2367 .- 1976-5517. ; 31, s. 1393-1400
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: This study was carried out to assess the haplotype diversity and population dynamics in cattle populations of Ethiopia.Methods: We sequenced the complete mitochondrial cytochrome b gene of 76 animals from five indigenous and one Holstein FriesianxBarka cross bred cattle populations.Results: In the sequence analysis, 18 haplotypes were generated from 18 segregating sites and the average haplotype and nucleotide diversities were 0.7540 +/- 0.043 and 0.0010 +/- 0.000, respectively. The population differentiation analysis shows a weak population structure (4.55%) among the populations studied. Majority of the variation (95.45%) is observed by within populations. The overall average pair-wise distance (F-ST) was 0.049539 with the highest (F-ST = 0.1245) and the lowest (F-ST = 0.011) F-ST distances observed between Boran and Abigar, and Sheko and Abigar from the indigenous cattle, respectively. The phylogenetic network analysis revealed that all the haplotypes detected clustered together with the Bos taurus cattle and converged to a haplogroup. No haplotype in Ethiopian cattle was observed clustered with the reference Bos indicus group. The mismatch distribution analysis indicates a single population expansion event among the cattle populations.Conclusion: Overall, high haplotype variability was observed among Ethiopian cattle populations and they share a common ancestor with Bos taurus.
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