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- Hayashi, Nobuo, et al.
(författare)
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Honest Errors in Combat Decision-Making : State of Our Knowledge 75 Years after the Hostage Case
- 2023
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Ingår i: Honest Errors? Combat Decision-Making 75 Years After the <em>Hostage </em>Case. - The Hague : T.M.C. Asser Press. - 9789462656109 - 9789462656116 ; , s. 3-21
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Seventy-five years have passed since Hostage, a post-World War II case in which Lothar Rendulic was acquitted of Northern Norway’s devastation and forcible evacuation on account of his faulty yet honest judgment. This introductory chapter surveys the current state of our knowledge about honest errors in modern combat decision-making by synthesising the findings of the anthology’s contributing authors. First, contemporaneous sources suggest that Rendulic did not consider it militarily necessary to devastate the region in its entirety or to evacuate all of its residents by force. Second, even though Rendulic’s acquittal was factually contentious, it was arguably on firmer legal ground. His case has led to the emergence of an eponymous rule against second-guessing difficult combat decisions, the reasonable commander test in international humanitarian law and the mistake of fact defence in international criminal law. Third, assessing the reasonableness of battlefield errors remains challenging because of the limitations of modern information technology, the diminishing room for empathy in the soldierly profession, and the salience of institutional bias.
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- Ellingsen, Jan Eirik, et al.
(författare)
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Improved Retention and Bone-to-Implant Contact with Fluoride-Modified Titanium Implants
- 2004
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Ingår i: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - Chicago, Ill.] : Quintessence Pub. Co.. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 19:5, s. 659-666
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether a fluoride modification of the titanium surface would have an effect on bone response after implantation. Materials and Methods: Titanium-oxide–blasted titanium implants with and without fluoride modification were investigated in a rabbit tibia model. Quantitative analysis of surface roughness, biomechanical interlocking, and in vivo tissue reactions in rabbit bone at 1 and 3 months after placement were compared. Results: The fluoride-modified test implants had a slightly smoother surface (Sa: 0.91 ± 0.14 µm) than the unmodified control implants (Sa: 1.12 ± 0.24 µm). Significantly higher removal torque values (85 ± 16 Ncm vs 54 ± 12 Ncm) and shear strength between bone and implants (23 ± 9 N/mm2 vs 15 ± 5 N/mm2) were measured for the fluoride-modified implants after 3 months. The histomorphometric evaluations demonstrated higher bone-to-implant contact for test implants at 1 month (35% ± 14% vs 26% ± 8%) and 3 months (39% ± 11% vs 31% ± 6%) after placement. Discussion: Implant surface modification with fluoride may result in morphologic and physiochemical phenomena that are of significance for the bone response. Another possible explanation for the findings in the present study is that a surface modification changes the surface chemical structures to be more suitable for bone bonding. Conclusion: Based on the biomechanical and histomorphometric data, the fluoride-modified titanium implants demonstrated a firmer bone anchorage than the unmodified titanium implants. These implants achieved greater bone integration than unmodified titanium implants after a shorter healing time. (More than 50 references.)
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- Finozzi, Anna, 1991-
(författare)
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Podcasting the Italian Postcolonial: An Analysis of Black Coffee and S/Confini
- 2023
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Ingår i: The Italianist. - 0261-4340 .- 1748-619X. ; , s. 1-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article examines two podcasts,Black CoffeeandS/Confini,authored by Italian second-generation migrants. Podcasting hasrecently been recognised as an independent medium that allowsunheard minorities’voices to emerge. The aim of the article istwofold. Firstly, it tackles the question to what extentBlack CoffeeandS/Confinican be understood as part of a bigger phenomenonof an online presence of migrants and second-generationmigrants counter-narrating traditional Italian media, following thepostcolonial paradigm. Secondly, it reflects upon the effects ofthis phenomenon on contemporary Italian society. Being runmostly by women, and discussing topics such as race, Italianblackness, migration, and identity, these podcasts stand incontrast to the Italian mainstream narrative still imprinted byracist stereotypes. Finally, I demonstrate that podcasts and virtualspaces created by the second generation not only are spaces aptfor the creation of a shared collective memory, but also foster apoliticalfight for equal rights.
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