| 1. |
- Rouhi, Mohammad Sadegh, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Large Scale Additive Manufacturing of Recycled Polymer Composites
- 2023
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the American Society for Composites - 38th Technical Conference, ASC 2023. - : DEStech Publications. ; , s. 2405-2411
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The production of large-scale products is currently undergoing a considerable shift in the manufacturing sector in favor of additive manufacturing (AM). Complex structures and elaborate designs that were previously impossible to produce using conventional manufacturing techniques are now possible thanks to the usage of additive printing technology. At the same time, using recycled materials in the production process has also risen to the top of the industry's priority list as a result of a growing focus on sustainability. In this context, the use of recycled polymer composites in large-scale additive manufacturing (LSAM) is beginning to attract attention from both industry and research. Indeed, recycled polymer composites offer several benefits, including not only lower costs but also significantly reduced environmental impact and improved mechanical properties compared to virgin polymer materials. However, several challenges are still associated with using recycled materials in AM, including issues with material properties and compatibility with the AM process. Perhaps the most difficult polymer for AM is nylon where different grades pose different printing properties and challenges, thus printing large-scale objects in recycled nylon is a challenge that few have taken on. One objective of our project is to improve the properties of recycled polymers for LSAM by investigating how different additives, such as mineral wastes and/or recycled short fibers, influence the LSAM process and the properties of the resulting printed object. One way to achieve this objective is by simulating the AM process where we use ABAQUS AM capabilities that enable us to optimize the process and material parameters. Thermal and mechanical analyses using the element activation technique in ABAQUS AM allow us to implement multi-scale multi-physical models for material and process simulation and ensure that the final product meets the desired mechanical and structural properties. To truly reach a circular economy, a systems-level transformation of manufacturing must be achieved [1]. Our vision is to digitally transform manufacturing by turning recycled polymers and other industrial wastes into secondary raw materials and composites for LSAM of final products. However, further research on different industrial use cases and applications is needed to address the remaining challenges associated with this approach and to fully realize its potential in the manufacturing industry.
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| 2. |
- Arshad, Nadia
(författare)
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Backers’ crowdfunding journey – An engagement perspective
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Crowdfunding refers to accumulating small sums of money from the general public through the Internet for a collective larger amount to fund small or medium-sized ventures in exchange for some benefit. The contribution can be as a donation (for no material reward), a purchase (for getting a reward in return), debt (to get money returned), or equity (for sharing future profit). The three main actors in crowdfunding are the initiators (the venturers), the backers (the crowd members who fund), and the crowdfunding platforms (the intermediaries). The crowdfunding campaign’s survival and success depends on engagement from the crowd. Using a qualitative research method, this dissertation aimed to understand the backers’ engagement with four crowdfunding campaigns selected from the leading crowdfunding platform, Kickstarter, through processual analysis. Buildingon the integrative framework of service-dominant logic, engagement, and customer journey, the underlying mechanism of the backers’ engagement at the personal (micro) and interpersonal (meso) levels were explored. Based on the motivation and contribution pattern, the backers were segmented into four engagement roles: benefactors, patrons, shoppers, and utilisers. A deeper analysis showed how the engagement intensity, duration, valence, and engagement properties shaped over time across these roles. The insights from the findings in the dissertation carry managerial and policy implications.
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| 3. |
- Bumann, Adrian, et al.
(författare)
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Predicting the spread of invasive marine species with open data and machine learning: Process and Challenges
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Conference on Marine Data and Information Systems (IMDIS) 2021.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- One of the world’s most complex marine challenges is the spread of invasive species. Invasive species cause severe harm to marine ecosystems and the people who depend on them, with economic impact alone amounting to several billion dollars annually. Recent advances in data science and artificial intelligence (AI) along with the increasing availability of free marine and other data online are improving the possibility to tackle these challenges. This paper presents the efforts by Ocean Data Factory Sweden (ODF Sweden), a data-driven innovation consortium in Gothenburg, to apply machine learning (ML) to one use case – the prediction of the spread of the Killer Shrimp, or Dikerogammarus Villosus, into the Baltic Sea (Figure 1). We discuss our process to address this use case as well as some reflections on the process and its challenges, in particular when taking into consideration the FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable) principles in data science.
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| 4. |
- Bumann, Adrian, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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The challenges of knowledge combination in ML-based crowdsourcing - The ODF Killer shrimp challenge using ML and kaggle
- 2021
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. - 1530-1605. ; 2020-January, s. 4930-4939
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Organizations are increasingly using digital technologies, such as crowdsourcing platforms and machine learning, to tackle innovation challenges. These technologies often require the combination of heterogeneous technical and domain-specific knowledge from diverse actors to achieve the organization's innovation goals. While research has focused on knowledge combination for relatively simple tasks on crowdsourcing platforms and within ML-based innovation, we know little about how knowledge is combined in emerging innovation approaches incorporating ML and crowdsourcing to solve domain-specific innovation challenges. Thus, this paper investigates the following: What are the challenges to knowledge combination in domain-specific ML-based crowdsourcing? We conducted a case study of an environmental challenge - how to use ML to predict the spread of a marine invasive species, led by the Swedish consortium Ocean Data Factory Sweden using the crowdsourcing platform Kaggle. After discussing our results, we end the paper with recommendations on how to integrate crowdsourcing into domain-specific digital innovation processes.
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| 5. |
- Bumann, Adrian, et al.
(författare)
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The Killer Shrimp Invasion Challenge on Kaggle: An online competition tackling the spread of invasive marine species through machine learning
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Conference on Marine Data and Information Systems (IMDIS) 2021.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The world faces numerous complex marine challenges, such as overfishing, the spread of invasive species, and rising sea levels. These challenges are interconnected with the 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals, and in particular Goal #14 - Life below water. A paradox for any action related to the ocean is that while there is an enormous lack of ocean data, there is also an abundance of online marine and geo data that could be used to develop solutions through the application of artificial intelligence (AI). Open innovation and crowdsourcing could be a solution to such complex problems; however, applying data science to solve marine challenges through these open strategies is limited. Responding to the above, Ocean Data Factory Sweden (ODF Sweden), a data-driven innovation consortium in Gothenburg, developed an online competition, The Killer Shrimp Invasion Challenge (Figure 1). The competition was launched on the data science competition platform, Kaggle, in the spring of 2020 to address the spread of the invasive Killer Shrimp through applying machine learning (ML) to online data. This paper will describe the Killer Shrimp use case, the launch of the Kaggle competition, competition results and reflections on this form of tackling marine challenges.
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| 6. |
- Böhmecke-Schwafert, Moritz, et al.
(författare)
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Blockchain for the circular economy: Theorizing blockchain's role in the transition to a circular economy through an empirical investigation
- 2022
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Ingår i: Business Strategy and the Environment. - : Wiley. - 1099-0836 .- 0964-4733. ; 31:8, s. 3786-3801
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Blockchain is increasingly lauded as an enabler of the transition to a circular economy. While there is considerable conceptual research and some empirical studies on this phenomenon, scholars have yet to develop a theoretical model of blockchain's role in this transition. Grounded in the sustainability transition literature, this paper addresses this gap through the following research question: What role does blockchain play in the transition to a circular economy? Following an abductive approach, we conducted interviews with ground-level experts implementing blockchain innovations for the circular economy across Europe and the United States. Through a thematic analysis, we derived a theoretical model of the relationships among (1) drivers and barriers of the transition to a circular economy, (2) blockchain innovation for the circular economy, (3) technical challenges of blockchain, and (4) the circular economy. While blockchain plays a moderating role, interviewees considered it only an infrastructural resource rather than a panacea.
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| 7. |
- Caccamo, Marta
(författare)
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Cross-boundary knowledge work in innovation : Understanding the role of space and objects
- 2020
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation studies the topic of cross-boundary knowledge work from the perspective of sociomateriality. Cross-boundary knowledge work refers to the collaboration of actors belonging to different social worlds to achieve shared knowledge outcomes. Sociomateriality is a theoretical perspective that acknowledges the role of objects and spaces in organizational life. The empirical field of collaborative innovation provides a context for this dissertation.Cross-boundary knowledge work is an important topic given the emergence of novel challenges that require collaboration across disciplines and organizations. Innovating across social and organizational boundaries is a demanding task that calls for new ways of working. Working in new ways refers to using new organizational models and engaging in new organizational practices. To address the increasing need for cross-boundary knowledge work, this dissertation turns to the design of objects and spaces as a defining aspect of organizational life.The overarching goal of the dissertation is to understand what role spaces and objects (physical and digital) play within cross-boundary knowledge work. The dissertation is structured into four papers. Paper 1 builds the foundation of the dissertation by providing an extensive literature review about boundary objects—a theoretical construct that denotes objects that enable knowledge-based collaboration across diverse social worlds. The subsequent empirical papers study cross-boundary knowledge dynamics in three different collaborative innovation contexts. Paper 2 addresses how boundary objects can be designed to enable knowledge integration during interdisciplinary corporate hackathons. Paper 3 shows how innovation spaces and the objects that are part of them support collaborative innovation through knowledge integration and the development of new practices. Paper 4 conceptualizes startup accelerators as boundary spaces that lead to the creation of different types of knowledge communities.This study makes important contributions to the fields of cross-boundary knowledge work, sociomateriality, and collaborative innovation. First, the four papers show that cross-boundary knowledge work needs to consider other dynamics happening at the boundaries within interdisciplinary and interorganizational contexts. For instance, the creation of a shared identity appears to be a fundamental aspect to consider in order to achieve knowledge goals. Second, this dissertation deepens our understanding of the actual practices afforded by objects and spaces within collaborative settings. Each paper strives to provide an in-depth account of how individual objects, systems of objects, and spaces support knowledge work. Third, this dissertation offers a relevant theoretical perspective to illustrate the challenges involved in collaborative innovation, at the same time suggesting how material infrastructure may help collaborating actors achieve shared knowledge outcomes. Finally, innovation managers can find relevant advice on how to leverage the built environment to enhance their practice.
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| 8. |
- Gancho, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Design for Society
- 2022
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Ingår i: Springer Series in Design and Innovation. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2661-8184. ; , s. 405-415
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter presents the “Design for Society” concept and provides a backdrop for the papers included as chapters in this section of the book. We suggest that the Design for Society concept can be viewed as an umbrella for a range of concepts related to how we can leverage the principles of design research and practice to create holistic solutions to societal challenges. Design can drive societal innovation, and the collection of papers we have compiled below focus on how design can enable society to become more equitable and inclusive. Our hope is that this chapter and the subsequent chapters might inspire design practitioners and researchers to learn from and build on each other’s ideas - as opposed to reinventing the wheel or even making the same mistake, so that we may move forward in tackling our societal challenges and achieving the UN SDGs.
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| 9. |
- Gangi, Paul Di, et al.
(författare)
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How do different stakeholder groups within an open source software project influence the project's development: a case study of OpenSimulator
- 2023
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Ingår i: Information Technology and People. - : Emerald Group Publishing. - 0959-3845 .- 1758-5813. ; 36:7, s. 3048-3078
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose This research investigates how the value creation interests and activities of different stakeholder groups within one open source software (OSS) project influence the project's development over time. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted a case study of OpenSimulator using textual and thematic analyses of the initial four years of OpenSimulator developer mailing list to identify each stakeholder group and guide our analysis of their interests and value creation activities over time. Findings The analysis revealed that while each stakeholder group was active within the OSS project's development, the different groups possessed complementary interests that enabled the project to evolve. In the formative period, entrepreneurs were interested in the software's strategic direction in the market, academics and SMEs in software functionality and large firms and hobbyists in software testing. Each group retained its primary interest in the maturing period with academics and SMEs separating into server- and client-side usability. The analysis shed light on how the different stakeholder groups overcame tensions amongst themselves and took specific actions to sustain the project. Originality/value The authors extend stakeholder theory by reconceptualizing the focal organization and its stakeholders for OSS projects. To date, OSS research has primarily focused on examining one project relative to its marketplace. Using stakeholder theory, we identified stakeholder groups within a single OSS project to demonstrate their distinct interests and how these interests influence their value creation activities over time. Collectively, these interests enable the project's long-term development.
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| 10. |
- Geissinger, Andrea, 1987-
(författare)
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Platforms in Liquid Modernity : Essays about the Sharing Economy, Digital Platforms, and Institutions
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The year 2020 feels like the beginning of a crescendo of change. As environmental and social challenges reach an all-time high, the organization of our societies is coming under scrutiny. We, as a society, turn to technology to reinvent the organization of social life after disruptive episodes. Inspired by Bauman's theorizing to describe the cultural and societal zeitgeist, this thesis explains the institutionalization of one of the most promising alternative forms of organization of the past decade: the sharing economy.Comprised of nine essays centered around three focal areas: (1) Organizational change, (2) Market change, and (3) Societal change, this thesis aims to explain the institutionalization of digital sharing platforms in liquid modern society.This thesis finds that digital sharing platforms act as societal organizers on several dimensions of “in-betweenness.” As this moment in time can also be characterized as a period of “interregnum”—another moment of in-betweenness—where old structures are continuously disrupted but no clear new path has emerged, digital platform providers fill a structural void in our highly individualized society. Digital platform providers use community as an anchor, a belief, and sets of practices to create an emerging (intermediary) institution around which different forms of organization manifest.Digital sharing platforms have, however, remained a grace note on systemic change: ornamental and practically non-essential. Still, digital platforms are setting new norms in all areas of organizational, market, and societal life. By evoking both elements of community and market, digital platforms are playing an important part in creating a symphony of our future societal order.
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