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- Prates, M L, et al.
(författare)
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On the qualification of multiplayer thin film coatings
- 2003
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Ingår i: Proceedings 1st International Meeting of Sciences and Technology of Design "Senses and Sensibility in Technology - Linking Tradition to Innovation through Design" September. - Lisbon, Portugal.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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- Diep, Chieu B, et al.
(författare)
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Genome characteristics of primary carcinomas, local recurrences, carcinomatoses, and liver metastases from colorectal cancer patients
- 2004
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Ingår i: Molecular Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-4598. ; 3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths in the Western world, and despite the fact that metastases are usually the ultimate cause of deaths, the knowledge of the genetics of advanced stages of this disease is limited. In order to identify potential genetic abnormalities underlying the development of local and distant metastases in CRC patients, we have, by comparative genomic hybridization, compared the DNA copy number profiles of 10 primary carcinomas, 14 local recurrences, 7 peritoneal carcinomatoses, and 42 liver metastases from 61 CRC patients. RESULTS: The median number of aberrations among the primary carcinomas, local recurrences, carcinomatoses, and liver metastases was 10, 6, 13, and 14, respectively. Several genetic imbalances, such as gains of 7, 8q, 13q, and 20, and losses of 4q, 8p, 17p, and 18, were common in all groups. In contrast, gains of 5p and 12p were more common in the carcinomatoses than in other stages of the disease. With hierarchical cluster analysis, liver metastases could be divided into two main subgroups according to clusters of chromosome changes. CONCLUSIONS: Each stage of CRC progression is characterized by a particular genetic profile, and both carcinomatoses and liver metastases are more genetically complex than local recurrences and primary carcinomas. This is the first genome profiling of local recurrences and carcinomatoses, and gains of 5p and 12p seem to be particularly important for the spread of the CRC cells within the peritoneal cavity.
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- Diep, CB, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic profiling of colorectal cancer liver metastases by combined comparative genomic hybridization and G-banding analysis
- 2003
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Ingår i: Genes, Chromosomes and Cancer. - : Wiley. - 1045-2257. ; 36:2, s. 189-197
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The majority of genetic studies of colorectal carcinogenesis have focused on changes found in primary tumors. Despite the fact that liver metastases are a leading cause of colorectal cancer deaths, the molecular genetic basis of the advanced disease stages remains poorly understood. We performed comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) on 17 liver metastases from colorectal carcinomas and compared the quantitative profile with the qualitative profile previously obtained with chromosome banding. An average of 12.6 aberrations per tumor was found by CGH. Chromosome 18 and chromosome arms 4q, 8p, and 17p were most frequently lost, whereas chromosomes 7 and 20 and chromosome arms 6p, 8q, and 13q were most frequently gained. We compared the chromosome banding and CGH data after converting the karyotypes into net copy number gains and losses. Ten tumors showed agreement between the findings of the two techniques, whereas five tumors did not (in two cases, no mitotic cells were obtained for banding analysis). All five discordant cases had a "simple" abnormal or normal karyotype, but revealed multiple changes by CGH. A likely explanation for this discrepancy is that in vitro growth before G-banding selected against the cancer cells. Interestingly, by comparing the CGH profiles of the "complex" vs. the "simple"/normal karyotype groups, deletion of 8p and gain of 16q were seen more frequently in the former group. The liver metastases had the same aberrations as seen in primary colorectal carcinomas, summarized in a literature survey. However, these aberrations were seen more frequently in liver metastases, which may be attributable to increased genetic instability. (C) 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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- Flodström, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
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In situ synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering/X-ray diffraction study of the formation of SBA-15 mesoporous silica
- 2004
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Ingår i: Langmuir. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 20:12, s. 4885-4891
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The initial stages of the formation of SBA-15 have been studied by in situ SAXS/XRD using synchrotron radiation. Modeling of both the diffuse scattering and the X-ray diffraction patterns obtained at different stages of the reaction results in a detailed description of the different reaction steps. The first step in the formation is the liquid-liquid phase separation of spherical P123-silicate hybrid micelles after which nucleation and growth of the 2D hexagonal phase occurs. Two-dimensional electron density maps calculated on the basis of the intensities of the Bragg reflections suggest that changes in the degree of intermicellar condensation are responsible for the time-dependent observations. The silica source (alkoxysilanes) may be partially unhydrolyzed long after formation of the hexagonal structure, since the kinetics of the mesophase evolution is notably slower when TEOS is used as the silica precursor as compared to TMOS. The results obtained for SBA-15 are compared with other published data on the formation of SBA-15 and of the smaller pore MCM-41 materials.
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- Flodström, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
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Time-resolved in situ studies of the formation of cubic mesoporous silica formed with triblock copolymers
- 2004
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Ingår i: Langmuir. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 20:23, s. 10311-10316
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The mechanism of formation of two different cubic mesoporous silica materials formed with Pluronic triblock copolymers is investigated with in situ time-resolved small-angle synchrotron X-ray scattering, in situ time-resolved H-1 nuclear magnetic resonance, and time-resolved transmission electron microscopy. The materials studied are the micellar cubic (Im (3) over barm) SBA-16 formed with Pluronic F108 and the bicontinuous cubic (Ia (3) over bard) silica material formed with Pluronic P103 and NaI. The formation mechanisms of the two cubic structures are shown to be dissimilar. For the Im (3) over barm material, in the early stages of the synthesis, floes of unordered micelles are observed, but areas where the micelles have started to order are also present. With time, there is an increase in order; however, there is a coexistence of unordered micelles and ordered material all through this study. The bicontinuous cubic silica is formed via a different path. The system is phase-separated already before the addition of the silica source, which implies that a concentrated phase is present, acting as the structure director of the Ia (3) over bard structure. The results are compared with earlier reports on the formation of the hexagonal SBA-15 material.
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