| 1. |
- Danielsen, Nils, et al.
(författare)
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Inflammatory cells and mediators in the silicone chamber model for nerve regeneration
- 1993
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Ingår i: Biomaterials. - 0142-9612. ; 14:15, s. 5-1180
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the present study the inflammatory response was quantitatively evaluated during peripheral nerve regeneration. The fluid from silicone nerve regeneration chambers, inserted in rats, was collected during the early period of regeneration of transected sciatic nerves (6 h-7 d) and analysed with respect to inflammatory cells and mediators (leukotriene B4, LTB4, and interleukin-1 alpha, IL-1 alpha). Leucocytes were detected during the entire period (up to 7 d after implantation). The highest concentration was detected after 24 h. PMNG (polymorphonuclear granulocyte) was the predominant cell type in the chamber fluid during the initial 5d of regeneration. Analysis of the concentration of LTB4 demonstrated two peaks (at 24 h and 5 d). The IL-1 alpha concentration displayed an early and relatively smaller peak after 24 h and a second and much larger peak after 7 d, concomitant with an increase of the number of mononuclear cells.
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| 2. |
- Larsson Wexell, Cecilia, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Bone response to surface modified titanium implants: studies on electropolished implants with different oxide thicknesses and morphology.
- 1994
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Ingår i: Biomaterials. - 0142-9612. ; 15:13, s. 1062-74
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a series of experimental studies, bone formation was analysed around systematically modified titanium implants. In the present study, machined, electropolished and anodically oxidized implants were prepared, surface characterized and inserted in the cortical bone of rabbits (7 wks and 12 wks). SEM, scanning Auger electron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy revealed no differences in surface composition but marked differences in oxide thickness, surface topography and roughness. Light microscopic morphology and morphometry showed that all implants were in contact with bone, and had a large proportion of bone within the threads. The smooth, electropolished implants were surrounded by less bone than the machined implants with similar oxide thickness, (4-5 nm) and the anodically oxidized implants with thicker oxides (21 nm and 180 nm, respectively) after 7 wks. These studies show that a high degree of bone contact and bone formation can be achieved with titanium implants which are modified with respect to oxide thickness and surface topography. However, it appears that a reduction of surface roughness may influence the rate of bone formation in rabbit cortical bone.
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| 3. |
- Michaelsen, K F, et al.
(författare)
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The Copenhagen cohort study on infant nutrition and growth : duration of breast feeding and influencing factors.
- 1994
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 83:6, s. 565-71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Duration of breast feeding was studied in 249 randomly chosen, healthy, term infants of Danish origin of which 80.7% participated. Breast feeding was initiated by 99.5% of the mothers. At 3, 6 and 9 months, 71%, 52% and 33%, respectively, were still breast feeding. Only 1 infant (0.5%) was exclusively breast fed beyond 7 months of age. In a Cox multiple regression analysis of factors influencing duration of breast feeding, we found a positive association with maternal education (p < 0.001) and age (p = 0.02) and a negative association with the amount of formula given at the maternity ward (p < 0.001). Six months after delivery, 79% of the mothers with higher school education (> or = 12 years) were still breast feeding, compared to 29% with a low school education (< or = 9 years). There is still a need for an increased effort to support mothers in breast feeding, focusing particularly on younger mothers with short school education. Formula supplements during the first days of life, given to 73% of the infants, were associated with a shorter duration of breast feeding and should be discouraged.
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| 4. |
- Michaelsen, K F, et al.
(författare)
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The Copenhagen Cohort Study on Infant Nutrition and Growth : breast-milk intake, human milk macronutrient content, and influencing factors.
- 1994
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Ingår i: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - 0002-9165 .- 1938-3207. ; 59:3, s. 600-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 91 healthy term infants breast-milk intake was measured at 2, 4, and 9 mo by test weighing and human milk macronutrient content by infrared analysis every 2-4 wk. In infants exclusively breast-fed, mean milk intake was 781 and 855 mL/24 h at 2 and 4 mo, respectively, and correlated positively with the current weight of the infant and negatively with the amount of formula supplement given at the maternity ward. Median daily energy intake was considerably below current recommendations (423 and 381 kJ/kg body wt at 2 and 4 mo, respectively). Protein concentration in the milk was approximately 8% higher in primipara. Median daily protein intake was 1.3 and 1.0 g/kg body wt at 2 and 4 mo, respectively. Median fat concentration was 39.2 g/L and was positively associated with pregnancy weight gain. This supports the hypothesis that maternal fat stores laid down during pregnancy are easier to mobilize during lactation than are other fat stores and, if low, may limit milk fat when exhausted.
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