| 1. |
- Clark, Andrew G., et al.
(författare)
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Evolution of genes and genomes on the Drosophila phylogeny
- 2007
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 450:7167, s. 203-218
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Comparative analysis of multiple genomes in a phylogenetic framework dramatically improves the precision and sensitivity of evolutionary inference, producing more robust results than single-genome analyses can provide. The genomes of 12 Drosophila species, ten of which are presented here for the first time (sechellia, simulans, yakuba, erecta, ananassae, persimilis, willistoni, mojavensis, virilis and grimshawi), illustrate how rates and patterns of sequence divergence across taxa can illuminate evolutionary processes on a genomic scale. These genome sequences augment the formidable genetic tools that have made Drosophila melanogaster a pre-eminent model for animal genetics, and will further catalyse fundamental research on mechanisms of development, cell biology, genetics, disease, neurobiology, behaviour, physiology and evolution. Despite remarkable similarities among these Drosophila species, we identified many putatively non-neutral changes in protein-coding genes, non-coding RNA genes, and cis-regulatory regions. These may prove to underlie differences in the ecology and behaviour of these diverse species.
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| 2. |
- Field, Dawn, et al.
(författare)
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The minimum information about a genome sequence (MIGS) specification.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Nature biotechnology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1546-1696 .- 1087-0156. ; 26:5, s. 541-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the quantity of genomic data increasing at an exponential rate, it is imperative that these data be captured electronically, in a standard format. Standardization activities must proceed within the auspices of open-access and international working bodies. To tackle the issues surrounding the development of better descriptions of genomic investigations, we have formed the Genomic Standards Consortium (GSC). Here, we introduce the minimum information about a genome sequence (MIGS) specification with the intent of promoting participation in its development and discussing the resources that will be required to develop improved mechanisms of metadata capture and exchange. As part of its wider goals, the GSC also supports improving the 'transparency' of the information contained in existing genomic databases.
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| 3. |
- Ardeshiri, Tohid, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Offset Eliminative Map Matching Algorithm for Intersection Active Safety
- 2006
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Ingår i: 2006 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, IV 2006; Meguro-Ku, Tokyo; Japan; 13 June 2006 through 15 June 2006. - 9784901122863 ; :1689609, s. 82-88
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Digital map information and Continuous Positioning Systems (CPS) are being increasingly used in active safety applications. However due to imprecision associated with digital road maps and inevitable inaccuracies in CPS positions, a map matching algorithm is essentialfor these applications.One field of active safety in which navigation information can be used is Intersection Active Safety Applications (IASA) which requires a precise position of vehicle relative to road network in an intersection. In this paper a novel map matching algorithm for an IASA is presented.To determine the vehicle trajectory relative to the road network, the proposed map matching algorithm calculates the general offset between digital road map and the CPS given vehicle trajectory by fusion of local offsets with a Kalman filter, incorporating their respective ncertainties. The created offset liminative map matching algorithm was tested on a omplex urban trajectory and showed very ncouraging results.
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| 4. |
- Engholm, Gerda, et al.
(författare)
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Colorectal cancer survival in the Nordic countries and the United Kingdom : Excess mortality risk analysis of 5 year relative period survival in the period 1999 to 2000
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 121:5, s. 1115-1122
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A deficit in colorectal cancer survival in Denmark and in the UK compared to Sweden, Norway and Finland was found in the EUROCARE studies. We set out to explore if these differences still exist. Patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer as their first invasive cancer at age 15-89 in the period 1994-2000 were identified using data from 11 cancer registries in the UK and from four Nordic countries. Five-year relative period survival using deaths in 1999-2000 following cancers diagnosed in 1994-2000 was analysed with excess mortality risk modelling. Follow-up time since diagnosis with age as an effect-modifier in the first half year was the most important factor with the highest excess risk of death immediately after diagnosis and with higher age and decreasing with length of follow-up. Variations between countries were bigger in the first half year following diagnosis than in the interval 0.5-5 years with about 30% higher risk in UK and Denmark. The differences between countries are still substantial and the order has not changed, even if the five year relative survival has improved since the EUROCARE studies. Patient management, diagnostics, and comorbidity likely explain the excess deaths in UK and Denmark during the first 6 months. The effect of stage and quality of management and treatment should be examined in population based studies with detailed patient information. Use of more detailed age-intervals than conventionally applied in survival studies proved to be important in statistical modelling and is recommended for future studies.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Kharrazi, Sogol, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Study of Heavy Truck Accidents with Focus on Manoeuvres Causing Loss of Control
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Journal of Vehicle Safety. ; 3:1, s. 32-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An analysis of heavy truck accidents based on the Large Truck Crash Causation Study database with respect to loss of control is presented. Heavy truck accidents were analysed with regard to the accident type, loss ofcontrol type, critical manoeuvre, vehicle combination type and different road characteristics. Three critical manoeuvres were identified as the most commonmanoeuvres causing loss of control. Based on the accident analysis results, relevant existing test manoeuvres were adapted for trucks and compared to determine a suitable test for evaluation of yaw stability of heavy trucks on a dry and level road. The comparison was conducted on a 5DOF tractor-trailer model in Matlab-Simulink.
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| 8. |
- Klomp, Matthijs, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of Drive Force Distribution on the Lateral Grip and Understeer
- 2008
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Ingår i: 9th International Symposium on Advanced Vehicle Control.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The increased freedom of control, when compared to traditional driveline configurations, enables the vehicle for instance to maintain characteristics from the linear tire operating range up to the grip limit. However, based on the review of the current state of the art and the importance of factors such as lateral grip and understeer, the authors see a need for improved (graphical) methods and theory describing the influence of drive force distribution on these said factors. In this work the results used to compute the lateral grip margin for a general drive force distribution was developed for four special cases; front-wheel drive; rear-wheel drive; all-wheel drive with synchronous front- and rear differentials; and finally, an optimal front/rear drive force distribution. From these results, graphical methods of the so-called dynamic square are connected to the classic g-g diagrams. Further the dynamic square is further developed to also show the influence of lef/right drive force distribution and the influence on the understeer of the vehicle.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Naing, C. L., et al.
(författare)
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Single-vehicle collisions in Europe: analysis using real-world and crash-test data
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Journal of Crashworthiness. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1358-8265 .- 1754-2111. ; 13:2, s. 219-229
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many European road casualties result from vehicles leaving the road, often impacting roadside obstacles. As part of the European Commission-funded project RISER (Roadside Infrastructure for Safer European Roads), several activities were undertaken to collate the type of real world crash data which is needed to understand single vehicle crash situations and relate this to crash-test data mandated in the European Union. Accident data were collected and used to create databases exclusively for single-vehicle collisions on major rural roads, simulation software was used to further understand impacts with roadside structures, and an inventory of crash-test data was collected for impacts with poles and safety barriers. The combination of accident data, simulations and crash-test data has provided a unique insight into the characteristics of single-vehicle collisions, helping those involved in the design and evaluation of the roadside environment to understand them better and make recommendations for consideration when drafting design guidelines.
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