| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Isaksson, Björn, et al.
(författare)
-
Hepatic encephalopathy verified by psychometric testing and EEG in cirrhotic patients : Effects of mesocaval interposition shunt or sclerotherapy
- 2005
-
Ingår i: HPB. - : Elsevier BV. - 1365-182X .- 1477-2574. ; 7:1, s. 65-72
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. The aim of this randomised prospective study was to evaluate hepatic encephalopathy after mesocaval interposition shunt operation and after repeated endoscopic sclerotherapy. Methods. Forty-five patients with bleeding oesophageal varices due to liver cirrhosis were randomised to the two treatment groups, 24 to the shunt group and 21 to the sclerotherapy group. The patients were evaluated preoperatively regarding blood tests, hepatic encephalopathy as measured by electroencephalogram with spectral analysis and by a battery of psychometric tests. The direction of portal flow in the shunt group was investigated by shunt phlebography and ultrasonography with Doppler. During follow-up the same investigations were performed twice at median 6.7 and 14.7 months after operation. Results. No statistically significant difference was found during follow-up regarding blood tests and electroencephalography with spectral analysis. Although the preoperative psychometric tests showed that the shunt group performed significantly better than the sclerotherapy group, the first follow-up showed that the shunt group performed statistically worse than the sclerotherapy group in seven of the tests: Synonyms (measuring verbal ability), Block Design Test (measuring visuo-spatial ability), Memory for Design Test, Error Score (measuring memory function), Revised Visual Retention Test, correct answers and the same test error answers (measuring visuo-spatial memory, ability and immediate memory), Digit Symbol Test (measuring perceptual ability) and Trial Making Test B (measuring cognitive motor abilities). Conclusions. Patients treated by mesocaval interposition shunt showed a progressive general reduction in psychometric performance compared with patients treated with repeated sclerotherapy, in whom a general intellectual improvement was observed. This finding corresponds to the reverse direction of the preoperative portal flow to a hepatofugal pattern at first follow-up and at 12 months among two-thirds of the patients. © 2005 Taylor & Francis Group Ltd.
|
|
| 4. |
- Åström, Jan, 1934-, et al.
(författare)
-
Graphometric variables of one's signature : II. Correlations with measures of perception, cognitive function, and personality
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Perceptual and Motor Skills. - 0031-5125 .- 1558-688X. ; 107:1, s. 197-221
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study focused on interrelations between graphometric variables of the signature and measures of perception, cognitive function, and personality. Signatures from a sample of psychiatric and somatic outpatients (N=205) were analyzed into 23 graphometric variables and correlated with tests of IQ, cognitive and perceptual function, and personality. The results of a factor analysis of the graphometric, perceptual, and cognitive variables were very much like results from previous studies. Relationships with the graphometric variables can be described in five categories of intelligence, psychomotility, flexibility and speed of closure, and personality. Graphometric signs of Extraversion and Neuroticism were identified, and the two capitals in the signature indicated different psychological meanings. Measurements of the signature offered important personality information. © Perceptual and Motor Skills 2008.
|
|
| 5. |
- Åström, Jan, 1934-, et al.
(författare)
-
Graphometric variables of one's signature : I. Basic measures
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Perceptual and Motor Skills. - 0031-5125 .- 1558-688X. ; 105:3 I, s. 733-752
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study focused on statistical properties and interrelationships of graphometric variables of the signatures of outpatients, 100 men and 119 women, remitted from somatic and psychiatric clinics for possible psychotherapy or for tests of IQ, personality, or brain lesions. The patients' signature on test forms were used. The type of handwriting was classified into Common, Print and Block letters, quantified in breadth, length, and area and grades of slant of minuscules ("lower-case letters") and majuscules ("upper- case"). Analysis indicated sex and age played roles in style of handwriting and size of letters, writing styles differed on most graphometric variables, and meaningful patterns of interrelationships among graphometric variables were specified by factor analysis. © Perceptual and Motor Skills 2007.
|
|
| 6. |
- Åström, Jan, 1934-, et al.
(författare)
-
Inner images and delineations of parental figures reported by psychotherapeutic outpatients
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Perceptual and Motor Skills. - 0031-5125 .- 1558-688X. ; 103:3, s. 931-945
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Psychotherapeutic outpatients (10 men, 20 women) were tested with the Inner Images of Parental Figures. Each subject imagined first his mother and then his father. Questions were asked about size, look, and spatial and emotional distance of the imagined parent. The patient was then asked to describe the personality of each parent by underlining at least 20 of 85 adjectives in a list called Family Climate Scale. This originally consisted of four factors, Closeness, Spontaneity, Distance, and Chaos, but the two administered were Factor I (positive traits) and Factor II (negative traits). Emotional distance correlated positively with Factor I and negatively with Factor II. For the maternal figure there was a correlation with distance in metres and Factor I scores. The Inner Images of Parental Figures may be a valuable complement in psychotherapy, mapping out emotional relations between patients and their parents. © Perceptual and Motor Skills 2006.
|
|
