| 1. |
- Kircher, Katja, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of road surface appearance and low friction warning systems on driver behaviour and confidence in the warning system
- 2009
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Ingår i: Ergonomics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0014-0139 .- 1366-5847. ; 52:2, s. 165-176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Warning systems for slippery road conditions are a potential newcomer among driver support systems. A total of 75 participants drove in a high-fidelity driving simulator on roads with both visible and invisible ice, to investigate to which extent drivers rely on a low friction warning system. Three experimental groups with different versions of a low friction warning system and a control group without warning system were compared. All drivers ranked the systems according to trust.A system displaying recommended speed received the best ratings. Driving speed was analysed for three particular segments of the route. Generally, lowest speeds were achieved with the recommended speed system. The participants drove more slowly on a slippery segment that looked icy than on the segments that looked dry when they did not receive a low friction warning. When they received a warning for low friction they also lowered their speed for the segment looking like asphalt. The results provide guidelines for how to present low friction warnings to drivers. The design has substantial effects on the resulting behaviour and therefore it can have a high impact on traffic safety. So far, not much research on low friction warning systems has been reported.
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| 2. |
- Lützhöft, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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Fatigue at sea : a field study in Swedish shipping
- 2007
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to collect data about the fatigue level of bridge watch keepers to use for revising earlier sleep models, and devise innovative solutions for the shipping industry. Data collection included interviews with shipping companies and a field study onboard 13 cargo vessels. 32 participants took part in representing two watch systems; 2-watch and 3-watch. Subjective sleepiness and stress estimations were performed once every hour. Electrooculography was used to record eye movement behaviour. Reaction time test was made to examine performance. 3-watch participants are more satisfied with their working hours and working situation. Tendencies indicate that 2-watch participants are a bit more tired, whereas the stress is the same. All are less sleepy and less stressed at home. Time on shift had effect on sleepiness. The highest Karolinska Sleepiness Scale scores were recorded in the late night and early morning. After night shift the reaction times have higher variance and more long reaction times are present. The mean value after night shift was significantly higher than after day shift. All thirteen shipping agreed that officers on the bridge always have tasks sensitive to fatigue but no company experienced fatigue as a problem during normal conditions. All were positive to monitoring devices, mentioning safety matters.
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| 3. |
- Thorslund, Birgitta, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Utvärdering av ett fordonsbundet varningssystem : vibrationer i sätet vid risk för överträdande av kant- eller mittlinje
- 2006
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- One alternative to rumble strips is to simulate them in the car by vibrations in the driver's seat. Citroen has a lane departure warning system in the models C4 and C5 which has been evaluated from user experience. A focus group was carried out with four users from Ostergötland. From the discussion a questionnaire with accompanying diary was constructed and sent out to Citroen owners in Sweden having a lane departure warning system. A large part of the users have not received any information about the system at the time of buying the car. The majority of the users are satisfied with the lane departure warning system but almost all declare not to use it at all in winter which indicates that it should be improved to be used all the year round.The results point towards that the system has a good price level, but many still think that it should be a part of the standard equipment meaning that safety should not be optional. Noise and vibrations are considerably lower in C4 and C5 compared to milled rumble strips. Many drivers are disturbed by false alarms. Therefore more apparent warnings demand a reduction of false alarms. The most important result is that more information and guidelines should be given to the users. Function and shaping of the lane departure warning system should also be improved. Citroen has satisfied customers willing to pay for well functioning support systems.
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