| 1. |
- Ståhle, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
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Designguide för Smarta gator
- 2022
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Designguiden för smarta gator konkretiserar hur de fyra megatrenderna urbanisering, digitalisering, samhällsförändringar och miljöförändringar leder till nya krav och utformningsprinciper för framtidens gator. Guiden är tänkt att fungera som en inspiration och ett underlag för att förnya svensk gatupolicy på nationell, regional och kommunal nivå.Guiden innehåller utöver en inledning följande kapitel: en historisk tillbakablick (gatans utveckling), gatans användning, gatans delar, gatans design, designprocessen, guidens genomförande.
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| 2. |
- Thorslund, Birgitta, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Interaction between cyclists, motor vehicles and infrastructure : a simulator study on cyclist strategy and behaviour at intersections
- 2020
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 8th Transport Research Arena TRA 2020. ; , s. 10-
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Severe and fatal accidents between cyclists and motor vehicles are common at intersections, and many involve right-turning vehicles, with drivers not observing an adjacent cyclist. Few structured investigations exist regarding the interaction between the two, and factors to be studied are how infrastructure and vehicle properties affect human decision-making and cycling behaviour. Therefore, a bicycle simulator study was performed, where vehicle type, lane markings and width were systematically varied in a scenario with a cyclist approaching a vehicle from behind at an intersection. 33 participants each cycled through 8 intersections. Data on cycling trajectories, stopping points and speed was coupled with survey data and semantically categorized verbal responses to questions regarding strategy for choice of stopping point. Results show that all three factors (vehicle type, lane markings and available vehicle-adjacent space) significantly affects cyclists’ behaviour (lateral and longitudinal stopping position), speed choice and verbally expressed conscious strategies.
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| 3. |
- Fredin-Knutzén, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Train drivers' work-related stress and job satisfaction
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 65:9, s. 775-782
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: This study investigated which work-related stressors are rated highest by train drivers and which are strongest correlated with consideration to change profession.Methods: In a questionnaire, a total of 251 Swedish train drivers rated 17 work-related stressors, to which extent they had considered quitting their profession, and if they had experienced a PUT (person under train) accident.Results: PUTs (when experienced) and irregular work hours are the main stressors, but the strongest predictors of consideration to change profession are those that are encountered often, and last over time (eg, irregular work hours, r = 0.61, and major organizational changes, r = 0.51).Conclusions: For effective reduction of stress and improved job satisfaction, focus should be on aspects that affect everyday life for drivers, such as better working shifts, less delays, and improved social climate.
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| 4. |
- Fredin-Knutzén, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Train drivers' work-related stress and job satisfaction
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 65:9, s. 775-782
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives This study investigated which work-related stressors are rated highest by train drivers, and which are strongest correlated with consideration to change profession.Methods In a questionnaire, a total of N = 251 Swedish train drivers rated 17 work-related stressors, to which extent they had considered quitting their profession, and if they had experienced a PUT (person under train) accident.Results PUTs (when experienced) and irregular work-hours are the main stressors, but the strongest predictors of consideration to change profession are those that are encountered often, and last over time (e.g., irregular work-hours, r = .61; and major organizational changes, r = .51).Conclusions For effective reduction of stress and improved job satisfaction, focus should be on aspects that affect everyday life for drivers, such as better working shifts, less delays, and improved social climate.
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| 5. |
- Fu, Jiali, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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VTI:s simulator för utryckningskörning : Teknisk rapport
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Simulatorer för utryckningskörning har ingått i flera VTI-projekt. Erfarenheterna och den tekniska utvecklingen har resulterat i en simulator för utryckningskörning. Syftet med denna rapport är att beskriva simulatorns användningsområden och funktionalitet samt ge en teknisk beskrivning.
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| 6. |
- Kabashkin, Igor, et al.
(författare)
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DIGILOG Project: Digitally Supported and Virtual Study Practices for Modern Logistic Systems
- 2021
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Ingår i: Reliability and Statistics in Transportation and Communication. - Cham : Springer Nature. ; , s. 771-781, s. 771-781
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Digitalization of Transport and Logistics (T&L) is one of the key pillars of the European Digital Single Market strategy. Creation of the Single European Transport Area, from one hand, and development of Common European Education Area, from another hand, are the basis for DIGILOG (Digitally supported and virtual study practices for modern logistic systems) project supported by Erasmus+ programme. The DIGILOG project aims to foster interchange and cooperation between education and training systems within the frame of digitalisation of T&L under new strategy of European Union - Single European Transport Area. The partners of project are TTK University of Applied Sciences (Estonia), Häme University of Applied Sciences (Finland), Transport and Telecommunication Institute (Latvia), The Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute (Sweden).The main intellectual outputs of the project are described in the paper: (1) Virtual and open cross-study curricula for digital environment of transport and logistics systems based on Carpe Diem learning design process; (2) E-learning game-based technology for training and education of transport and logistics specialists; (3) Video exercises for study of train traffic and safety management issues using simulation tools.Main tasks, main area of activities and the main priorities of the planned study module are described in the paper.
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| 7. |
- Kircher, Katja, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Train driver attention is influenced by the type of railway signalling system
- 2022
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Ingår i: DDI 2022 Gothenburg. - Göteborg : Safer. ; , s. 50-52
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS) will replace national standards with the aim to promote cross-border traffic and enhance efficiency. The transition involves a shift from lineside signalling to mostly in- cabin information via a Driver Machine Interface (DMI). Previous research indicates that this may lead to a decrease in driver attention to the outside world and to a decrease in workload, leading to boredom. Using a train simulator, 41 participants drove the same track with the ERTMS system and the Swedish national standard (ATC) while wearing eye- tracking equipment. Subjective workload and boredom assessments were made after each drive. An analysis of the first set of reduced data (15 participants) showed that the formal attentional requirements like the monitoring of speed changes and signals were fulfilled in almost all cases, regardless of system. Overall, however, the data indicate that in line with previous research the drivers focus their attention more to the inside of the train when using the ERTMS system. This is corroborated by the finding that horn blowing is slightly delayed with the ERTMS system. Perceived workload was generally low, with the ERTMS system experienced to be more boring. We draw the preliminary conclusion that while formal attentional requirements are fulfilled for both systems, the ERTMS system likely has a tendency to pull the drivers’ overall attention inwards. Given that for the ERTMS system most relevant information is presented inside of the train on the DMI, this is not surprising, but needs to be addressed by the authorities.
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| 8. |
- Lidestam, Björn, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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In-Car Warnings of Emergency Vehicles Approaching: Effects on Car Drivers' Propensity to Give Way
- 2020
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Sustainable Cities. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2624-9634. ; 2:19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Emergency driving entails substantially higher risk rates than ordinary driving, and it is crucial that other road users notice the emergency vehicles on call. Sirens and emergency lights are used to warn and demand that other road users give way and provide safe passage, but accidents still occur. The purpose of this study was to test the effect of a broadcast hyper local Emergency Vehicle Approaching (EVA) message via RDS radio, noticing that an emergency vehicle on call is approaching and demands that others give way, on the propensity of individual drivers to give way. In two simulator experiments, a total of 90 car drivers participated. In Experiment 1, drivers were passed three times by an ambulance in traffic conditions where it was easy to detect the ambulance early, and two versions of EVA message were compared to a baseline condition without a broadcast message. In Experiment 2, drivers were passed only once by an ambulance and in traffic conditions that made it difficult to detect the ambulance early, and either received an EVA message, or no message. The results showed that EVA messaging made drivers give way earlier and learned to give way earlier even without an EVA message. The main finding was that EVA messaging was necessary for making inexperienced drivers give way to an approaching emergency vehicle on call. Most of them did not know that they are obliged to give way, and some did not notice the emergency vehicle before it passed them. In conclusion, the study suggests that EVA messaging to alert and instruct drivers how to give way properly is beneficial for traffic safety and for enabling time-efficient emergency transports.
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| 9. |
- Lidestam, Björn, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on driving behavior and risk perception.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Traffic injury prevention. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1538-957X .- 1538-9588. ; 22:2, s. 108-113
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To examine the effect of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on differences in driving behavior and risk perception, in experienced drivers.A total of 147 experienced drivers participated in the study. Drivers with ADHD (n=91) were compared to an age-matched control group of drivers (n=56) with no neuropsychiatric diagnoses. A simulator driving test (SDT) was used in the study and included a driving scenario with various traffic environments to examine any differences in number of collisions, number of speedings, risk index (based on 12 risky situations), speed adaptation (based on 19 road sections), mean speed, and preferred speed, between the two groups. The participants also completed a questionnaire about their driving behavior.No differences in the simulator driving test were found between the ADHD group and the control group. No adverse effects of ADHD were found for any of the measures, i.e., collisions, number of speeding, risk index, speed adaptation, mean speed and preferred speed. The only significant group difference was that drivers with ADHD rated themselves lower on concentration.Participants with ADHD and the control group drove remarkably similarly in the simulator driving test and rated themselves similarly regarding how they drive. The results contribute to state that ADHD drivers are less deviant than asserted by previous research.
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| 10. |
- Lindström, Anders, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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User-centered development of a driving simulator for training of emergency vehicle drivers and development of Emergency Vehicle Approaching messaging : a simulator study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 8th Transport Research Arena TRA 2020.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a large risk of accidents in connection with emergency driving and the need for both better possibilities to train emergency vehicle driving and for systems guiding other road users to the right behavior is apparent. The aim of this study was (1) to initiate user-centered development of a driving simulator for training of emergency vehicle drivers and (2) to collect information about how to best communicate Emergency Vehicle Approaching (EVA) messages. The method used is user-involved, iterative development of both the driving scenario and the driving simulator. 104 participants have tried the simulator and responded to a questionnaire. Most difficult for emergency vehicle drivers are vehicles in front suddenly braking and failure in other drivers noticing them. Desired behaviour in other road users is to yield to the right and brake smoothly. The attitude towards communication of Emergency Vehicle (EV) driving is positive, regarding both pre-alerting drivers who are approaching an incident scene and sending out EVA-messages.
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