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| 2. |
- Tolvhed, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Kamp om agendan : historier om klass och kön
- 2008
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Ingår i: Fronesis. - : tidskriftsföreningen fronesis. - 1404-2614. ; :25/26, s. 112-116
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
- Tolvhed, Helena
(författare)
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Kropp, idrott och feministisk teori
- 2009
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Ingår i: Programbok, KULTUR-NATUR Konferens för kulturstudier i Sverige, Norrköping, 15–17 juni 2009;5. - : ACSIS, Linköping University. ; , s. 92-93
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den feministiska forskningen har belyst hur kroppar har konstruerats som olika och därmed som biologiska (legitima, eviga, naturliga) grunder för sociala skillnader (t ex Grosz 1994, Gatens 1996). På idrottens kulturella arena ställs frågor om kroppen som naturlig eller skapad och om ”naturliga” könsskillnader på sin spets. R. W. Connell (1987) har diskuterat idrotten som del i ett socialt upprätthållande av kön, något som hon menar är nödvändigt på grund av att biologin utgör en alltför bräcklig grund. Samtidigt kan idrotten just i egenskap av kroppslig praktik utgöra en arena för utmaning och omförhandling av diskurser om kropp, kön och biologi, vilket Judith Butler diskuterat i sin artikel ”Athletic Genders”. I avhandlingen Nationen på spel analyserar jag hur idrottande kroppar representeras i svensk veckopress (Bildjournalen, Idun, Se, Vecko-Journalen och Vecko-Revyn). Med kropp och nation som intersektionella analytiska nav utvecklar jag en metodologi som syftar till att generera en djupare problematisering och förståelse för det historiska sammanhanget. I denna presentation diskuterar jag hur representationer av kvinnors idrottande – som utmaning av de diskurser som knyter kroppsligt arbete, ansträngning, aktivitet, muskler och kroppskontroll till kön – förstås och förhandlas kulturellt. En av avhandlingens bärande frågeställningar handlar om de sätt på vilka den mediala iscensättningen av kroppar och av det svenska struktureras av samspelande maktdimensioner – kön, sexualitet, ”ras”/etnicitet, klass och ålder/generation. Materialet från olympiska spel är, genom att såväl kropp som nation här hamnar i fokus, särskilt lämpligt för att utforska dessa aspekter.
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| 4. |
- Tolvhed, Helena
(författare)
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Nationen på spel : Kropp, kön och svenskhet i populärpressens representationer av olympiska spel 1948 – 1972
- 2008
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sporting the Nation: Gender, ”Swedishness” and the Body in the Representation of Olympic Games in Swedish Popular Press 1948 – 1972. In this thesis, I study representations of summer and winter Olympic Games and Olympic athletes in six Swedish popular magazines 1948-1972. The purpose is to examine the forms of identity produced within the nation as an “imagined community”, in discursive processes where gender, sexuality, ”race”/ ethnicity, class and age/generation intersect and mutually construct each other. The study is inspired by feminist and postcolonial perspectives on how gender and “race”/ethnicity are upheld as socially relevant classifications through the cultural repetition of physical and mental differences. Theoretical points of departure is Foucault’s connecting of power and knowledge and Cultural Studies’ conception of representation and how the textual/visual address of the reader makes available and closes off subject-positions. ”Body” and ”nation” are used as intersectional analytical concepts, and the textual/visual meaning making is identified through the techniques that I have termed dichotomisation, compensation, harmonisation, contrasting and connecting. The material is understood in relation to changing historical contexts such as “folkhemmet” and the welfare state, gender relations, global political processes of decolonisation, the Cold war and the radicalised political climate of the 1960’s. The analysis highlights how historically specific configurations of Swedish masculinity and Swedish femininity are defined not only through gender dichotomisation, but also by differentiation from – for example – communist bodies/characters or “exotic” and racialised subjects. However, “Swedishness” is not only separated from, but also connected to specific identities. The textual ”us” is located in complex and sometimes contradictory processes, through affinity with Nordic countries, the western side in the Cold war and ”white civilisation” – but also in relation to an abstract and universalistic conception of to ”the world”. The thesis points out the crucial importance of physical work for the merging of masculinity and nation. The sport activities of female athletes are downplayed through compensating markers of conventional femininity and trivialised by being constructed as playful rather than as strained and disciplined physical work. However, the analyses also illustrate the conditions for discursive destabilisations; for example in the case of Olympic medals, where the visual and textual representation of a female Swedish body at work is made possible through intersections of gender, youth or nation. Furthermore, the results show a move towards a higher degree of complexity on the issue of masculinity during the time period, whereas the cultural conception of femininity is characterised by a great degree of stability.
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| 5. |
- Tolvhed, Helena
(författare)
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Nationen på spel. Kropp, kön och svenskhet i populärpressens representationer av olympiska spel 1948-1972
- 2008
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this thesis, I study representations of summer and winter Olympic Games and Olympic athletes in six Swedish popular magazines 1948-1972. The purpose is to examine the forms of identity produced within the nation as an “imagined community”, in discursive processes where gender, sexuality, ”race”/ ethnicity, class and age/generation intersect and mutually construct each other. The study is inspired by feminist and postcolonial perspectives on how gender and “race”/ethnicity are upheld as socially relevant classifications through the cultural repetition of physical and mental differences. Theoretical points of departure is Foucault’s connecting of power and knowledge and Cultural Studies’ conception of representation and how the textual/visual address of the reader makes available and closes off subject-positions. ”Body” and ”nation” are used as intersectional analytical concepts, and the textual/visual meaning making is identified through the techniques that I have termed dichotomisation, compensation, harmonisation, contrasting and connecting. The material is understood in relation to changing historical contexts such as “folkhemmet” and the welfare state, gender relations, global political processes of decolonisation, the Cold war and the radicalised political climate of the 1960’s. The analysis highlights how historically specific configurations of Swedish masculinity and Swedish femininity are defined not only through gender dichotomisation, but also by differentiation from – for example – communist bodies/characters or “exotic” and racialised subjects. However, “Swedishness” is not only separated from, but also connected to specific identities. The textual ”us” is located in complex and sometimes contradictory processes, through affinity with Nordic countries, the western side in the Cold war and ”white civilisation” – but also in relation to an abstract and universalistic conception of to ”the world”. The thesis points out the crucial importance of physical work for the merging of masculinity and nation. The sport activities of female athletes are downplayed through compensating markers of conventional femininity and trivialised by being constructed as playful rather than as strained and disciplined physical work. However, the analyses also illustrate the conditions for discursive destabilisations; for example in the case of Olympic medals, where the visual and textual representation of a female Swedish body at work is made possible through intersections of gender, youth or nation. Furthermore, the results show a move towards a higher degree of complexity on the issue of masculinity during the time period, whereas the cultural conception of femininity is characterised by a great degree of stability.
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| 6. |
- Tolvhed, Helena
(författare)
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Popular Culture and Social Change : ACSIS Kulturstudiekonferens i Norrköping 2007
- 2007
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In my PhD-project I analyse coverage of the Olympic Games 1948 – 1972 in the popular press, combining a text-oriented analysis with social history's attention to historical context. In my conference paper I will focus upon how, in a "Cold War" context, Soviet athletes were represented in ambiguous ways, emphasizing alternately their distance and closeness, difference and similarity to "us". Furthermore, I argue that fears of sport's masculinizing effect on the female body and mind were negotiated by displacing images of unsexed, mannish women onto Soviet athletes. A specific conception of "Swedish femininity" was constructed: western, white, heterosexual and middle-class.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Tolvhed, Helena
(författare)
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Sonja Edström-Ruthström och Sixten Jernberg. Mediala representationer av den kvinnliga och den manliga idrottskroppen
- 2008
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Ingår i: Moving bodies - menneske i bevegelse. - : Norges Idrettshøgskole. - 1503-6065. ; :2008:1-2, s. 103-115
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sonja Edström-Ruthström and Sixten Jernberg: Media Representation of the Female and the Male Athlete’s Body. In this article I argue for the relevance of sport for the study of cultural and historical constructions of gender and nation. Using two articles from the Olympic Games in Squaw Valley in 1960, on cross-country skiers Sixten Jernberg and Sonja Edström-Ruthström, I explore how male and female bodies are represented in different ways. The comparison highlights how the male athlete’s body is represented as a strong, disciplined and working body, while the female athlete’s body is marked as non-muscular, feminine and heterosexually attractive. In this way the potential challenge to gender relations, and thereby social stability, that the female athlete might have presented is negotiated and ultimately neutralised.
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| 10. |
- Tolvhed, Helena
(författare)
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Sporting the Nation : Gender, Ethnicity and Whiteness in Swedish Media Coverage of the Olympic Games, 1948 – 1972
- 2007
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- My forthcoming dissertation is a study of how Swedish national identity is constructed culturally, in which I analyse coverage of the Olympic Games 1948-1972 in the popular press. Media representation (text and images) of sport was selected as an interesting basis for exploring ideas on “natural differences” between people and bodies, based on gender, “race” and nationality. Ideas of difference between people have historically been used to explain and legitimize power relations and to (re-)create the nation as an “imagined community”. The method seeks to combine a text-oriented analysis with social history’s attention to historical context. The study shows that representations of female athletes display a passive female body and uphold the boundaries between the sexes. Fears of sport’s masculinizing effect on the female body and mind were negotiated by displacing images of unsexed, mannish women onto Soviet athletes. In the Cold War context, a specific Swedish femininity was constructed: western, white, heterosexual and middle-class. A Swedish masculine ideal, on the other hand, was made clear by contrasting comparison with femininity, but also with subordinated masculinities such as the “black” male athlete. The study show that the athletic achievements of the “black” body had to be explained and presented as restricted to the area of sport. I argue that although Sweden had not been a prominent colonial power, whiteness was nevertheless an important aspect of Swedish national identity in this time.
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