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| 2. |
- Brown, Annemette, et al.
(författare)
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Parents' lived experience of early risk assessment for cerebral palsy in their young child using a mobile application after discharge from hospital in the newborn period
- 2024
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Ingår i: Annals of Medicine. - 1365-2060. ; 56:1, s. 1-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: General Movement assessment (GMA) is considered the golden standard for early identification of infants with a high risk of developing cerebral palsy (CP). The aim of this study was to explore parents' lived experience of early risk assessment for CP using a mobile application for home video recording after discharge from hospital stay in the newborn period.METHODS: An inductive qualitative design using a hermeneutical phenomenological approach was chosen, and fourteen parents with children at risk of CP were interviewed at home. The hermeneutical phenomenological approach describes humans' lived experiences of a specific phenomenon with a possibility of deeper understanding of the expressed statements. The interviews were analyzed using the fundamental lifeworld existential dimensions as guidelines for describing the parents' lived experience.RESULTS: The overall understanding of the parents' experience was 'Finding control in an uncontrolled life situation'. During the often-long hospitalizations, the parents struggled with loss of control and difficulty in understanding what was going on. The use of the mobile application followed by a swift result made them feel in control and have a brighter view of the future.CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that the mobile application did not seem to worry the parents. Instead, it provided the parents with a sense of active participation in the care and treatment of their child. The mobile application should be accompanied with clear instructions and guidelines for the parents and details about how and when the result is given.
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| 4. |
- Duffy, Stephen W., et al.
(författare)
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Mammography screening reduces rates of advanced and fatal breast cancers : Results in 549,091 women
- 2020
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Ingår i: Cancer. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0008-543X .- 1097-0142. ; 126:13, s. 2971-2979
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: It is of paramount importance to evaluate the impact of participation in organized mammography service screening independently from changes in breast cancer treatment. This can be done by measuring the incidence of fatal breast cancer, which is based on the date of diagnosis and not on the date of death.Methods: Among 549,091 women, covering approximately 30% of the Swedish screening‐eligible population, the authors calculated the incidence rates of 2473 breast cancers that were fatal within 10 years after diagnosis and the incidence rates of 9737 advanced breast cancers. Data regarding each breast cancer diagnosis and the cause and date of death of each breast cancer case were gathered from national Swedish registries. Tumor characteristics were collected from regional cancer centers. Aggregated data concerning invitation and participation were provided by Sectra Medical Systems AB. Incidence rates were analyzed using Poisson regression.Results: Women who participated in mammography screening had a statistically significant 41% reduction in their risk of dying of breast cancer within 10 years (relative risk, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.51‐0.68 [P < .001]) and a 25% reduction in the rate of advanced breast cancers (relative risk, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.66‐0.84 [P < .001]).Conclusions: Substantial reductions in the incidence rate of breast cancers that were fatal within 10 years after diagnosis and in the advanced breast cancer rate were found in this contemporaneous comparison of women participating versus those not participating in screening. These benefits appeared to be independent of recent changes in treatment regimens.
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| 5. |
- Heimburg, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
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Agreement between self-reported and objectively assessed physical activity among out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Low level of physical activity is a risk factor for new cardiac events in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survivors. Physical activity can be assessed by self-reporting or objectively by accelerometery.AIM: To investigate the agreement between self-reported and objectively assessed physical activity among OHCA survivors HYPOTHESIS: Self-reported levels of physical activity will show moderate agreement with objectively assessed levels of physical activity.METHOD: Cross-sectional study including OHCA survivors in Sweden, Denmark, and the United Kingdom. Two questions about moderate and vigorous intensity physical activity during the last week were used as self-reports. Moderate and vigorous intensity physical activity were objectively assessed with accelerometers (ActiGraph GT3X-BT) worn upon the right hip for 7 consecutive days.RESULTS: Forty-nine of 106 OHCA survivors answered the two questions for self-reporting and had 7 valid days of accelerometer assessment. More physically active days were registered by self-report compared with accelerometery for both moderate intensity (median 5 [3:7] vs. 3 [0:5] days; p < 0.001) and vigorous intensity (1 [0:3] vs. 0 [0:0] days; p < 0.001). Correlations between self-reported and accelerometer assessed physical activity were sufficient (moderate intensity: rs = 0.336, p = 0.018; vigorous intensity: rs = 0.375, p = 0.008), and agreements were fair and none to slight (moderate intensity: k = 0.269, p = 0.001; vigorous intensity: k = 0.148, p = 0.015). The categorization of self-reported versus objectively assessed physical activity showed that 26% versus 65% had a low level of physical activity.CONCLUSION: OHCA survivors reported more physically active days compared with the results of the accelerometer assessment and correlated sufficiently and agreed fairly and none to slightly.
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| 6. |
- Jakobsson, Trille, et al.
(författare)
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An evaluation of data processing when using the ActiGraph GT3X accelerometer in non-ambulant children and adolescents with cerebral palsy
- 2023
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Ingår i: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : Wiley. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 43:2, s. 85-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To evaluate vertical acceleration, vector magnitude, non-wear time, valid day classifications and valid period classifications, in the data processing phase when using the ActiGraph GT3X accelerometer in non-ambulant children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP).MATERIAL AND METHODS: Accelerometer data retrieved from 33 non-ambulant children and adolescents (4-17 years) with CP, were analysed. Comparisons of i) vertical acceleration versus vector magnitude, ii) two different non-wear times, iii) three different settings to classify a day as valid and iv) two different settings to classify a period as valid were made.RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Vector magnitude and a non-wear time of at least 90 consecutive minutes statistically significantly increased minutes recorded per day, especially for sedentary time. There was a statistically significant difference in numbers of valid days depending on time criteria set to determine a valid day, whereas there was no statistically significant difference in valid periods using 3 compared to 4 days. This study suggests using the pre-settings in ActiLife; vector magnitude, non-wear time of 90 consecutive minutes, 500 minutes recorded per day with periods of at least 3 valid days when assessing physical activity objectively by the ActiGraph GT3X accelerometer in non-ambulant children and adolescents with CP. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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| 7. |
- Kovyrshin, Arseny, et al.
(författare)
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Nonadiabatic Nuclear-Electron Dynamics: A Quantum Computing Approach
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters. - 1948-7185. ; 14:31, s. 7065-7072
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Coupled quantum electron-nuclear dynamics is oftenassociatedwith the Born-Huang expansion of the molecular wave functionand the appearance of nonadiabatic effects as a perturbation. On theother hand, native multicomponent representations of electrons andnuclei also exist, which do not rely on any a priori approximation.However, their implementation is hampered by prohibitive scaling.Consequently, quantum computers offer a unique opportunity for extendingtheir use to larger systems. Here, we propose a quantum algorithmfor simulating the time-evolution of molecular systems and apply itto proton transfer dynamics in malonaldehyde, described as a rigidscaffold. The proposed quantum algorithm can be easily generalizedto include the explicit dynamics of the classically described molecularscaffold. We show how entanglement between electronic and nucleardegrees of freedom can persist over long times if electrons do notfollow the nuclear displacement adiabatically. The proposed quantumalgorithm may become a valid candidate for the study of such phenomenawhen sufficiently powerful quantum computers become available.
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| 8. |
- Lundström, Petra, et al.
(författare)
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Acute Response to One Bout of Dynamic Standing Exercise on Blood Glucose and Blood Lactate Among Children and Adolescents With Cerebral Palsy Who are Nonambulant
- 2022
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Ingår i: Pediatric Exercise Science. - Champaign, IL : Human Kinetics. - 0899-8493 .- 1543-2920. ; 34:2, s. 93-98
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To investigate the acute exercise effects of dynamic standing exercise (DyS) on blood glucose and blood lactate among children and adolescent with cerebral palsy (CP) who are non-ambulant. Methods: Twenty-four participants with CP who are non-ambulant performed 30 minutes of DyS using a motorized device enabling assisted passive movements in an upright weight-bearing position. Capillary blood-samples were taken from the fingertip for measurement of blood glucose and blood lactate at rest and at the end of exercise. Results: At rest, the participants had hyperlactatemia that was unaffected after exercise presented as median and interquartile range at rest 1.8 [1.3:2.7] mmol/L and after exercise 2.0 [1.1:2.5] mmol/L. Children and adolescents with GMFCS-E&R V had higher lactate levels at rest (2.5 [1.8:2.9] vs 1.4 [1.0:2.0]; p=0.030) and after exercise (2.3 [2.0:2.6] vs 1.2 [0.9:2.2]; p=0.032) compared to children and adolescents with GMFCS-E&R IV respectively. A statistically significant larger decrease in blood lactate levels after exercise was observed in children and adolescents with higher resting blood lactate levels (rho=0.56;p=0.004). There were no statistically significant changes in blood glucose. Conclusions: Forty percent of the participants had mild hyperlactatemia at rest and participants with the highest blood lactate levels at rest had the greatest decrease in blood lactate levels after one bout of exercise. Children and adolescents with classified into higher level of GMFCS-E&R had higher blood lactate levels. More studies are needed on how to prevent chronically high resting levels of lactate with exercise in children with CP who are non-ambulant.
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| 9. |
- Maliakkal, Carina B., et al.
(författare)
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Independent Control of Nucleation and Layer Growth in Nanowires
- 2020
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Ingår i: ACS Nano. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1936-0851 .- 1936-086X. ; 14:4, s. 3868-3875
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Control of the crystallization process is central to developing nanomaterials with atomic precision to meet the demands of electronic and quantum technology applications. Semiconductor nanowires grown by the vapor-liquid-solid process are a promising material system in which the ability to form components with structure and composition not achievable in bulk is well-established. Here, we use in situ TEM imaging of Au-catalyzed GaAs nanowire growth to understand the processes by which the growth dynamics are connected to the experimental parameters. We find that two sequential steps in the crystallization process - nucleation and layer growth - can occur on similar time scales and can be controlled independently using different growth parameters. Importantly, the layer growth process contributes significantly to the growth time for all conditions and will play a major role in determining material properties such as compositional uniformity, dopant density, and impurity incorporation. The results are understood through theoretical simulations correlating the growth dynamics, liquid droplet, and experimental parameters. The key insights discussed here are not restricted to Au-catalyzed GaAs nanowire growth but can be extended to most compound nanowire growths in which the different growth species has very different solubility in the catalyst particle.
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| 10. |
- Maliakkal, Carina B., et al.
(författare)
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Post-nucleation evolution of the liquid-solid interface in nanowire growth
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nanotechnology. - : IOP Publishing. - 0957-4484 .- 1361-6528. ; 33:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study using in situ transmission electron microscopy the birth of GaAs nanowires from liquid Au-Ga catalysts on amorphous substrates. Lattice-resolved observations of the starting stages of growth are reported here for the first time. It reveals how the initial nanostructure evolves into a nanowire growing in a zincblende 111 or the equivalent wurtzite0001 direction. This growth direction(s) is what is typically observed in most III-V and II-VI nanowires. However, the reason for this preferential nanowire growth along this direction is still a dilemma. Based on the videos recorded shortly after the nucleation of nanowires, we argue that the lower catalyst droplet-nanowire interface energy of the {111} facet when zincblende (or the equivalent {0001} facet in wurtzite) is the reason for this direction selectivity in nanowires.
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