| 1. |
- Akiyama, Kazunori, et al.
(författare)
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First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. II. EHT and Multiwavelength Observations, Data Processing, and Calibration
- 2022
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal Letters. - : American Astronomical Society. - 2041-8213 .- 2041-8205. ; 930:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) 1.3 mm measurements of the radio source located at the position of the supermassive black hole Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), collected during the 2017 April 5-11 campaign. The observations were carried out with eight facilities at six locations across the globe. Novel calibration methods are employed to account for Sgr A*'s flux variability. The majority of the 1.3 mm emission arises from horizon scales, where intrinsic structural source variability is detected on timescales of minutes to hours. The effects of interstellar scattering on the image and its variability are found to be subdominant to intrinsic source structure. The calibrated visibility amplitudes, particularly the locations of the visibility minima, are broadly consistent with a blurred ring with a diameter of similar to 50 mu as, as determined in later works in this series. Contemporaneous multiwavelength monitoring of Sgr A* was performed at 22, 43, and 86 GHz and at near-infrared and X-ray wavelengths. Several X-ray flares from Sgr A* are detected by Chandra, one at low significance jointly with Swift on 2017 April 7 and the other at higher significance jointly with NuSTAR on 2017 April 11. The brighter April 11 flare is not observed simultaneously by the EHT but is followed by a significant increase in millimeter flux variability immediately after the X-ray outburst, indicating a likely connection in the emission physics near the event horizon. We compare Sgr A*'s broadband flux during the EHT campaign to its historical spectral energy distribution and find that both the quiescent emission and flare emission are consistent with its long-term behavior.
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| 2. |
- Mock, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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Multiomics in the central Arctic Ocean for benchmarking biodiversity change
- 2022
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Ingår i: PLoS biology. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1544-9173 .- 1545-7885. ; 20:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multiomics approaches need to be applied in the central Arctic Ocean to benchmark biodiversity change and to identify novel species and their genes. As part of MOSAiC, EcoOmics will therefore be essential for conservation and sustainable bioprospecting in one of the least explored ecosystems on Earth.
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| 3. |
- Lindgren, Anne
(författare)
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Pregnancy-related low back and pelvic girdle pain : with reference to joint hypermobility and treatment
- 2020
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objectives: To explore if joint mobility, as a measure of connective tissue quality, could be a predictor for pregnancy-related low back pain after pregnancy and to evaluate local corticosteroid injection treatment in women with persistent pelvic girdle pain long after childbirth.Material and methods: To investigate joint mobility in relation to pain, 200 women were examined repeatedly from early pregnancy until three months after delivery. Their mobility in left fourth finger abduction in early pregnancy was compared with clinically assessed low back and pelvic pain 3 months after delivery. To evaluate local corticosteroid injection treatment, 36 women with persistent PGP were included in a randomised controlled trial (RCT) and randomised to either corticosteroid injection or saline injection on one occasion at the ischial spine bilaterally, with a follow-up after four weeks. In both studies, the women were asked about obstetric history, to complete a pain drawing, estimate their level of pain on a visual analogue scale (0-100) and estimate how they manage their everyday activities on a questionnaire, Disability Rating Index (DRI). In the RCT, the 36 women also completed Short Form 36 (SF-36), a quality of life questionnaire, six-minute walk test (6MWT), and isometric trunk flexion and extension were examined.Results: Women with low back and pelvic pain three months after pregnancy had increased finger laxity in early pregnancy. The larger the finger angle and the more pregnancies, the greater the risk of low back and pelvic pain after pregnancy. In the RCT, at follow-up, the women who received corticosteroid injection treatment improved in walking ability, estimated physical ability and isometric trunk extension more than those who received saline injections.Conclusions: Increased joint mobility, as measured by finger joint mobility, together with the number of previous pregnancies, may be an indicator of low back and pelvic pain postpartum. One single corticosteroid injection treatment to intra-pelvic structures improved function in women with persistent PGP which may indicate a source of pain.
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| 4. |
- Orbay, Raik, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Interference from Unshielded HV Harnesses with Realistic Groundplane Models
- 2023
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 2023 13th International Conference on Power, Energy and Electrical Engineering (CPEEE 2023). - 9781665490139 ; , s. 1-7
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a vehicle, unintended electromagnetic coupling among sensitive components such as antennas etc. needs to be suppressed to prevent the interference to cables. The cables for power and signal transmission are, therefore, only allowed to be packed in each other’s vicinity after proper shielding. As the shielding decreases the payload for a given vehicle design and increases its cost, it is very relevant to shed light on alternative packaging omitting shielding completely. Accordingly in this report, computations based on 3-dimensional transmission line matrix method will be launched to execute parameter sweeps comprising intercable distance, cable distance to groundplane, cable length, and signal cable termination impedance. A Vector Network Analyzer based experimental study to verify the computational approach is presented. Subsequently, crosstalk effect of realistic groundplane from a vehicle concept is also compared to a simple planar groundplane using 3D Transmission Line Matrix approach. It will be shown that the crosstalk will be kept below the limits as specified by the standards and internal OEM requirements with minimal intercable spacing, eliminating the cable shielding while reducing the environmental footprint.
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| 5. |
- Rexelius, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
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Sexuality and mood changes in women with persistent pelvic girdle pain after childbirth : a case-control study
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMC Women's Health. - : BioMed Central. - 1472-6874. ; 20:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Pelvic girdle pain is a common problem during pregnancy. For most women, the symptoms cease within the first 3-6months of giving birth, but in some women the pain persists. In this study we investigate the sexuality and frequency of depressive symptoms in women with persistent pelvic girdle pain after childbirth and in healthy women.Methods: We conducted a case-control study of women with persistent pelvic girdle pain after childbirth and a control group of healthy women. The frequency of depressive symptoms and sexuality were measured using the self-rating version of the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale and the McCoy Female Sexuality Questionnaire.Results: Forty-six women with persistent pelvic girdle pain and thirty-nine healthy women were enrolled. The frequency of depressive symptoms and the total score on female sexuality did not differ between the groups. However, pain during intercourse was more frequent (P<0.001) in women with persistent pelvic girdle pain and caused them to avoid sexual intercourse frequently (P<0.001). In multiple linear regression a higher frequency of depressive symptoms was reversely correlated with a lower score on female sexuality (beta (=)-0,41, p<0,001 95% CI -0,6 - -0,22) This association remained after adjusting for obstetric variables and individual characteristics.Conclusion: Depressive symptoms and female sexuality were similar between women with persistent pelvic girdle pain after childbirth and healthy controls. However, pain during intercourse and avoidance of sexual intercourse were more frequent among women with pelvic girdle pain.
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| 6. |
- Torstensson, Thomas, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Physical inactivity before surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis is associated with inferior outcomes at 1-year follow-up : a cohort study
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Spine Surgery. - : International Society for the Advancement of Spine Surgery (ISASS). - 2211-4599. ; 16:5, s. 916-920
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a common disorder in older people. Inactivity secondary to the disease state can further increase LSS symptoms. Initial care includes physiotherapy to relieve symptoms and optimize patient function and quality of life. It is currently unclear whether inactivity before surgery for LSS is associated with postoperative outcomes. Our aim was to investigate associations between self-reported exercise before LSS surgery and self-reported outcomes at 1-year follow-up.Methods: Using a retrospective cohort study design, prospective data were collected from the National Swedish Register for Spine Surgery (Swespine) between September 2006 and December 2012: 11,956 patients diagnosed with LSS completed the 1-year follow-up. The primary outcome measure was the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Secondary outcome measures were back and leg pain reported on a visual analog scale (VAS). The independent variable was dichotomized into no regular exercise (NRE) and regular exercise (RE). Adjusted analysis of covariance models were used to analyze differences in outcome improvement between the NRE and RE groups.Results: The mean improvement in the ODI was 15.9 (95% CI, 15.5–16.3) in the NRE group and 19.2 (95% CI, 18.5–19.8) in the RE group (P < 0.001). Improvement in back pain (P < 0.001) and leg pain (P < 0.001) were also inferior in the NRE group compared to the RE group. The NRE group improved 21.8 (95% CI, 21.2–22.5) units in back pain and 28.8 (95% CI, 28.1–29.5) in leg pain on the VAS compared to 25.2 (95% CI, 24.2–26.3) units in back pain and 32.5 (95% CI, 31.3–33.6) in leg pain in the RE group.Conclusions: Inactivity defined as self-reported NRE before surgery for LSS is associated with worse outcomes 1-year postsurgery compared to patients reporting RE. Clinical Relevance: This study is relevant to currently practicing spinal surgeons and spine physiotherapists.
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