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- Benlloch, Jose M., et al.
(författare)
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The MINDVIEW project : First results
- 2018
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Ingår i: European psychiatry. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0924-9338 .- 1778-3585. ; 50, s. 21-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the first results of the MINDVIEW project. An innovative imaging system for the human brain examination, allowing simultaneous acquisition of PET/MRI images, has been designed and constructed. It consists of a high sensitivity and high resolution PET scanner integrated in a novel, head-dedicated, radio frequency coil for a 3T MRI scanner. Preliminary measurements from the PET scanner show sensitivity 3 times higher than state-of-the-art PET systems that will allow safe repeated studies on the same patient. The achieved spatial resolution, close to 1 mm, will enable differentiation of relevant brain structures for schizophrenia. A cost-effective and simple method of radiopharmaceutical production from 11C-carbon monoxide and a mini-clean room has been demonstrated. It has been shown that 11C-raclopride has higher binding potential in a new VAAT null mutant mouse model of schizophrenia compared to wild type control animals. A significant reduction in TSPO binding has been found in gray matter in a small sample of drug-naïve, first episode psychosis patients, suggesting a reduced number or an altered function of immune cells in brain at early stage schizophrenia.
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| 2. |
- Párniczky, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
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EPC/HPSG evidence-based guidelines for the management of pediatric pancreatitis.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Pancreatology (Print). - : Elsevier BV. - 1424-3903 .- 1424-3911. ; 18:2, s. 146-160
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Pediatric pancreatitis is an underdiagnosed disease with variable etiology. In the past 10-15 years the incidence of pediatric pancreatitis has increased, it is now 3.6-13.3 cases per 100,000 children. Up-to-date evidence based management guidelines are lacking for the pediatric pancreatitis. The European Pancreatic Club, in collaboration with the Hungarian Pancreatic Study Group organized a consensus guideline meeting on the diagnosis and management of pancreatitis in the pediatric population.METHODS: Pediatric Pancreatitis was divided into three main clinical categories: acute pancreatitis, acute recurrent pancreatitis and chronic pancreatitis. Fifteen relevant topics (acute pancreatitis: diagnosis; etiology; prognosis; imaging; complications; therapy; biliary tract management; acute recurrent pancreatitis: diagnosis; chronic pancreatitis: diagnosis, etiology, treatment, imaging, intervention, pain, complications; enzyme replacement) were defined. Ten experts from the USA and Europe reviewed and summarized the available literature. Evidence was classified according to the GRADE classification system.RESULTS: Within fifteen topics, forty-seven relevant clinical questions were defined. The draft of the updated guideline was presented and discussed at the consensus meeting held during the 49th Meeting of European Pancreatic Club, in Budapest, on July 1, 2017.CONCLUSIONS: These evidence-based guidelines provides the current state of the art of the diagnosis and management of pediatric pancreatitis.
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| 3. |
- Tóth, Miklós
(författare)
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Methodological developments in small animal PET neuroimaging
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Positron emission tomography (PET) is a nuclear imaging technique using a multidisciplinary approach to functionally visualize processes in the brain or other living tissue. It is capable to determine the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of a molecule in the CNS, with a low risk of side effects on the subject. This is executed through injection of a radioactively labeled substance into the subject and detection of released gamma photons after radioactive decay of the molecule in the target organ or tissue. Based on these detections, it is possible to reconstruct the distribution of radioligand in the living tissue into an image representing the physiology of the subject. The present thesis focuses on the methodological development of PET imaging in small animal research and on the support for connecting basic research to human health-related clinical applications in neuroscience. The work underlying this thesis work is divided into three sections. Section 1 consists of the validation of a new PET/MRI small animal imaging system. Since the combination of an MRI magnet with a conventional PET ring could influence the performance of PET measurements, a combined system should be implemented with special care. The results of Study I showed that the combination of PET and MRI components did not affect the performance of the final system and it is capable to effectively conduct consecutive multimodal imaging with functional images from PET and anatomical information of soft tissue. After the validation of the PET system used in this thesis work for imaging, in Section 2 different methodological challenges are presented. Study II focuses on the transporter activity of the blood-brain barrier to highlight the necessity of proper animal model selection while designing pre-clinical PET studies, while in Study III we offer a solution for longitudinal [11C]PBR28 imaging with the validation of SUV as an outcome measure in rodents studies, where blood sampling is a difficult task. Within Section 3 a new animal model and a novel ligand is presented. The previously validated SUV approach from Study III is applied in Study IV during the longitudinal follow-up of the M2CAO stroke rat model to measure changes in the TSPO signal as a mark of neuroinflammation after cortical ischemia. In Study V a knockout animal model was used to validate the novel radioligand [11C]T-773, which was confirmed to bind selectively to the PDE10A enzyme and its distribution and uptake proves its suitability in small animal research. In conclusion the thesis focuses on the development of novel methodological platforms for small animal imaging PET with the aim to provide advancements in the field of translational neuroscience.
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