| 1. |
- Baresel, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Hammarby Sjöstadsverk. Uppstart av Försöks- och Demonstrationsanläggningen för Framtidens Kommunala VA-Teknik
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sjöstadsverket är en unik resurs för att utveckla VA-forskning i Sverige och internationellt. Stockholm Vatten överlåter (1/1 2008) hela försöksanläggningen för fortsatt experimentell verksamhet inom VA-området till en FoU grupp ledd av IVL och KTH. Det primära målet är först att säkerställa kontinuiteten i driften och kostnader för detta ska täckas genom projektstöd från olika intressenter. Tanken är att all verksamhet skall finansierats genom olika projekt.Forskningsinriktningen kommer att beslutas av en FoU styrelse där finansiärerna sitter med. Tre huvudmål för drift av anläggningen har definierats: A. Utveckling och optimering av befintliga metoder och processkonfigurationer för resurseffektiv avloppsvattenrening. B. Utveckling av nya innovativa metoder och processkonfigurationer för förbättrad behandling av vattenfas samt sidoströmmar. C. Testning samt utvärdering av utrustningar för vattenreningsteknik, specifika komponenter och system med fokus på världsmarknaden. Relevanta projektförslag för svensk VA-teknik kan delas upp i åtta huvudområden: 1. Krav på ingående vatten, 2. Optimering av befintliga aeroba och anaeroba processer, 3. Kompletterande rening, 4. Processtyrning samt mätteknik, 5. Behandling av sidoströmmar, 6. Klimateffektiv behandlingsteknik, 7. Biogasproduktion, 8. Nya innovativa tekniker och processer. Från dessa huvudområden prioriterar Svenskt Vatten i samråd med ITT Flygt, NV och övriga FoU-styrelseledamöter vilka konkreta projekt som ska startas upp.
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| 2. |
- Cema, Grzegorz, et al.
(författare)
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Dissolved oxygen as a factor influencing nitrogen removal rates in a one-stage system with partial nitritation and Anammox process
- 2011
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Ingår i: Water Science and Technology. - : IWA Publishing. - 0273-1223 .- 1996-9732. ; 64:5, s. 1009-1015
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A biofilm system with Kaldnes biofilm carrier was used in these studies to cultivate bacteria responsible for both partial nitritation and Anammox processes. Due to co-existence of oxygen and oxygen-free zones within the biofilm depth, both processes can occur in a single reactor. Oxygen that inhibits the Anammox process is consumed in the outer layer of the biofilm and in this way Anammox bacteria are protected from oxygen. The impact of oxygen concentration on nitrogen removal rates was investigated in the pilot plant (2.1 m(3)), supplied with reject water from the Himmerfjarden Waste Water Treatment Plant. The results of batch tests showed that the highest nitrogen removal rates were obtained for a dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration around 3 g O(2) m(-3). At a DO concentration of 4 g O(2) m(-3), an increase of nitrite and nitrate nitrogen concentrations in the batch reactor were observed. The average nitrogen removal rate in the pilot plant during a whole operating period oscillated around 1.3 g N m(-2)d(-1) (0.3 +/- 0.1 kg N m(-3)d(-1)) at the average dissolved oxygen concentration of 2.3 g O(2) m(-3). The maximum value of a nitrogen removal rate amounted to 1.9 g N m(-2)d(-1) (0.47 kg N m(-3)d(-1)) and was observed for a DO concentration equal to 2.5 g O(2) m(-3). It was observed that increase of biofilm thickness during the operational period, had no influence on nitrogen removal rates in the pilot plant.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Fernández, Isaac, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of Deammonification Process by Response Surface Models
- 2011
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Ingår i: Water, Air and Soil Pollution. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0049-6979 .- 1573-2932. ; 215:1-4, s. 299-309
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The influence of the operational variables on the Anammox process has been generally researched considering each variable separately. However, the optimization of the process also requires the identification of the more significant variables and their possible interactions. Response surface models were successfully applied to evaluate the performance of the Anammox process in a deammonification system (i.e., one-stage biofilm Anammox process) taking into account the combined effects caused by two sets of three variables. Specific Anammox activity was measured by a manometric method and used as the response variable. The obtained models pointed out that the significant variables were the temperature, the value of pH, and the ratio between the unionized species of the substrates (free ammonia and free nitrous acid (FA/FNA)). There were interactions among them caused by chemical equilibriums. Total nitrogen concentration and ammonium concentration were found to be not significant in the tested range. According to the models, the optimum values of temperature, pH, and free ammonia to free nitrous acid ratio within the test ranges were, respectively, 30A degrees C, 7.0, and 0.3. Further research at higher temperatures and lower values of pH and FA/FNA ratios would be necessary in order to find the absolute optimum conditions for the process. The obtained model can be also useful in order to develop control strategies that take into account the significant variables and their optimum ranges. A strategy to control deammonification reactors has been proposed, according to the results of the modeling.
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| 5. |
- Malovanyy, Andriy, et al.
(författare)
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Combination of ion exchange and partial nitritation/Anammox process for ammonium removal from mainstream municipal wastewater
- 2014
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Ingår i: Water Science and Technology. - : IWA Publishing. - 0273-1223 .- 1996-9732. ; 70:1, s. 144-151
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, a new technology of nitrogen removal from mainstream municipal wastewater is proposed. It is based on ammonium removal by ion exchange and regeneration of ion exchange material with 10-30 g/L NaCl solution with further nitrogen removal from spent regenerant by partial nitritation/Anammox process. Influence of regenerant strength on performance of ion exchange and biological parts of the proposed technology was evaluated. Moreover, the technology was tested in batch mode using pretreated municipal wastewater, strong acid cation (SAC) resin and partial nitritation/Anammox biomass. It was shown that with ion exchange it is possible to remove 99.9% of ammonium from wastewater while increasing the concentration of ammonium in spent regenerant by 18 times. Up to 95% of nitrogen from spent regenerant, produced by regeneration of SAC resin with 10 g/L NaCl solution, was removed biologically by partial nitritation/Anammox biomass. Moreover, the possibilities of integration of the technology into municipal wastewater treatment technology, and the challenges and advantages are discussed.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Plaza, Elzbieta, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish experience with deammonification process in biofilm system
- 2010
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Ingår i: Research and application of new technologies in wastewater treatment and municipal solid waste disposal in Ukraine, Sweden and Poland. - 9789174154115 ; , s. 31-40
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Treatment of supernatant from dewatering of digested sludge was performed in a pilotplant scale at Himmerfjärden wastewater treatment plant in the Stockholm region. A moving bedbiofilm reactor was used with Kaldnes rings as support material. Deammonification is a two-stepprocess technology in which the first step involves oxidation of part of the ammonium to nitritefollowed by oxidation of remaining ammonium with the formed nitrite into nitrogen gas(anammox). The two processes can be performed in two separate reactors or in one-stage biofilmreactor there the outer biofilm layer performs nitritation and an inner layer the anammox reaction.One-stage technology was started by seeding anammox bacteria into a step with partial nitritationand deammonification was rapidly established with an average nitrogen removal between 55 and88% with influent ammonium concentrations between 350 and 720 g N m-3. A removal rate ofabout 15 g N m-3 d-1 could be reached. The process could be monitored by pH and conductivitymeasurements. Nitrititation was the rate limiting step.
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