| 1. |
- Carvalho, Sérgio A., et al.
(författare)
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Self-Compassion and Depressive Symptoms in Chronic Pain (CP) : A 1-Year Longitudinal Study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Mindfulness. - : Springer. - 1868-8527 .- 1868-8535. ; 11:3, s. 709-719
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Self-compassion is associated with less depressive symptoms, better mental health outcomes, and less disability in chronic pain (CP). However, it remains longitudinally unexplored the role of self-compassion in CP. Also, although it acknowledged the conceptual overlapping between mindfulness and self-compassion, few studies have explored the role of self-compassion in CP while controlling for mindfulness in a longitudinal design.Methods: The current study conducts correlational and hierarchical linear regression analyses in a sample of 86 women with CP who completed an online battery of questionnaires that assess pain intensity, functional impairment, depressive symptoms, mindfulness, and self-compassion in three time points: baseline (T0), 6 months (T1), and 12 months (T2).Results: Results show that self-compassion (but not mindfulness) significantly predicts depressive symptoms at T1 and at T2 above and beyond depressive symptoms and functional impairment. Also, the interaction between functional impairment and self-compassion at T0 significantly predicts depressive symptoms at T1, but not at T2.Conclusions: These findings expand the current knowledge on the role of self-compassion in CP in showing that self-compassion is a significant predictor of later depressive symptoms in CP and suggesting its potential role in buffering the impact of functional impairment in future levels of depressive symptoms.
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| 2. |
- Dias, Bernardo Santos, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of fears of compassion on body image shame and disordered eating
- 2020
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Ingår i: Eating and Weight Disorders. - : Springer. - 1124-4909 .- 1590-1262. ; 25:1, s. 99-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The current study tested a path model examining the impact of fears of compassion in the adoption of disordered eating and whether social safeness and body shame would mediate this relationship.Methods: Participants were 645 women (aged between 18 and 55) from the general community, who completed an online survey.Results: Results indicated that fears of compassion were negatively associated with one's ability to feel secure and safe within close relationships, and positively linked with higher levels of body shame and disordered eating. The tested model accounted for 62% of the variance of disordered eating. Path analyses results revealed that the three dimensions of fears of compassion impacted on disordered eating. Particularly, fear of expressing compassion for others presented a direct impact on disordered eating. Moreover, fears of self-compassion and fears of receiving compassion from others partially impacted on disordered eating attitudes and behaviours, through the mechanisms of social safeness and body image-focused shame. These findings suggested that women who present higher levels of fear of self-compassion and of receiving signs of affection and compassion from others tend to feel more insecure in their social group, which seem explain body shame and the engagement in disordered eating behaviours.Conclusions: This study highlights the pathogenic impact of fears of compassion on body image and eating attitudes and behaviours. The current data seem to offer relevant insights for research and clinical practice, by supporting the relevance of developing compassionate abilities and attitudes to target body image and eating-related difficulties.
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| 3. |
- Fonseca, Soraia, et al.
(författare)
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The buffer role of psychological flexibility against the impact of major life events on depression symptoms
- 2020
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Ingår i: Clinical Psychologist. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1328-4207 .- 1742-9552. ; 24:1, s. 82-90
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Major life events have been positively associated with depression symptoms. Although psychological flexibility has been associated with adaptive coping skills and negatively linked with depression symptoms, it remains unclear whether psychological flexibility may be a protective process against the pervasive impact of major life events. Thus, the present study aimed to explore the moderating effect of psychological flexibility on the association between the cumulative number of major life events and their negative appraisal with depression symptoms.Methods: Four hundred and one participants (280 females and 121 males), aged between 18 and 65 years old, completed a set of self-report measures assessing the number of major life events that had occurred in the previous 12 months and their appraisal, as well as psychological flexibility, and depression symptoms.Results: Correlation analyses showed a negative and strong association between psychological flexibility and depression symptoms. Path analyses revealed that psychological flexibility attenuated the effect of the cumulative number of major life events and their perceived negative impact on depression symptoms.Conclusions: This study highlights the buffer role of psychological flexibility on the association of number of major life events and their negative appraisal, with depression symptoms. These findings suggest that being able to be in contact with the present moment with an accepting and non-judging attitude towards internal experiences, and to engage in valued-based action, may protect individuals against the negative impact of major life events with regards to depression symptoms.
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| 4. |
- Nogueira, Maria Rita, et al.
(författare)
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Design and Usability of an E-Health Mobile Application
- 2020
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Ingår i: Design, User Experience, and Usability. Case Studies in Public and Personal Interactive Systems. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030497569 - 9783030497576 ; , s. 314-328
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Health applications have increasingly been used to improve physical, mental and social well-being. Chronic pain (CP) is defined as pain that lasts for a period of three months and causes sporadic or constant discomfort. In Portugal, the treatments for this type of pain are almost exclusively pharmacological and with known limited effects. Endowing patients with self-management skills, will help them cope with pain in a more effective way. Psychological treatments (e.g. mindfulness-based interventions) may play a relevant role here, because they intervene on a cognitive, emotional and behavioural level, which in turn helps the chronic pain patient to deal with pain-related disorders and suffering. The current availability of connected and powerful smartphones and tablets creates an opportunity to propose alternative pain management solutions that may be used immediately when pain appears, which has been the argument that favoured the pharmacological solutions. For this we propose a mobile application that guides patients on the mindfulness practice and to self-manage the sensed pain. Learning to gradually adequate pain management may have several advantages such as: reduced the number of consultation visits and consequent waiting lists; increased cost-effectiveness; self-management of chronic pain at the patient’s pace and according to their needs; extend access to the treatment to patients that reside in low density regions. Being an alternative to traditional treatment, the proposed treatment will be under the guidance of qualified health professionals that will supervise treatment sessions and perform the required assessments. By promoting patients’ self-management, the control and monitoring of the chronic pain condition is expected to improve greatly, which in turn may prevent the aggravation of the clinical condition. This research and the mobile application are being developed in a collaboration between the Centre for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention of the University of Coimbra and the Institute of Systems and Robotics.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Trindade, Inês A., 1990-, et al.
(författare)
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Acceptability and preliminary test of efficacy of the Mind programme in women with breast cancer : An acceptance, mindfulness, and compassion-based intervention
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier. - 2212-1447. ; 15, s. 162-171
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although there is some evidence on the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions in improving health and psychological outcomes in women with breast cancer, further research is needed to understand these findings' clinical significance. Furthermore, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) intervention studies on breast cancer are scarce, and no compassion-based intervention has been tested for cancer patients. Given the complementarily and compatibility of mindfulness practice, ACT, and Compassion Focused Therapy, the current study combined these approaches to develop an integrative intervention specifically adapted to cancer patients, the Mind programme. Participants were recruited at the Radiotherapy Service of the Coimbra University Hospital (CHUC) and were assigned to one of two groups: the experimental group (Treatment As Usual + Mind Programme (8 weekly sessions and homework assignments) - n = 15) and the control group (Treatment As Usual - n = 17). There was a 100% retention on the experimental group, during the intervention. The effect size for psychological health (g = 0.79) was particularly noteworthy, suggesting that the intervention presented benefits that are comparable to mindfulness only-based interventions. The experimental group also improved on physical health (g = 0.16), quality of social relationships (g = 0.42), depression symptoms (g = - 0.42), and stress (g = - 0.32). Participants reported it was important for them to take part in the programme, and that it improved the way they deal with difficulties. Results indicate that the Mind programme may be a useful complement to the medical treatment of breast cancer and support the combination of acceptance, mindfulness, and compassion-based components in this context. Having an accessible and integrative psychological programme for people with cancer may significantly help improving quality of life and mental health in this population. Further implications are discussed.
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| 7. |
- Trindade, Inês A., 1990-, et al.
(författare)
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Further validation of the cognitive fusion questionnaire – chronic illness (CFQ-CI) in different health condition samples
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier. - 2212-1447. ; 16, s. 45-48
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CFQ-CI was previously developed and preliminarily validated in a study with a single online-recruited inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) sample. The current study presents a further validation of CFQ-CI in four different samples of patients with chronic health conditions: a sample of 82 women with breast cancer, an online-recruited mixed sample of 100 people with cancer, a sample of 69 people with IBD, and an online-recruited mixed chronic illness sample of 93 participants. Confirmatory Factor Analyses, multi-group, reliability, and differences analyses were conducted.Results indicated that the scale is a robust unidimensional 7-item measure of chronic illness-related cognitivefusion, with excellent reliability and structural validity across the four studied samples and in both paper-penciland online-based collection methods. Measurement invariance was not established across the samples, suggesting that CFQ-CI does not appear tofunction equivalently across different illness diagnoses.This study confirms CFQ-CI as a robust, adequate, and simple measure of chronic illness-related cognitive fusion that can be used in different behavioural medicine research and clinical contexts. As the scale does not seem to present measurement invariance, comparing scores between different illness groups is not recommended.
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| 8. |
- Trindade, Inês A., 1990-, et al.
(författare)
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Shame and emotion regulation in inflammatory bowel disease : Effects on psychosocial functioning
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Health Psychology. - : Sage Publications. - 1359-1053 .- 1461-7277. ; 25:4, s. 511-521
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although patients with inflammatory bowel disease seem to be prone to high levels of shame, the mechanisms behind the impact of chronic illness-related shame on patients' functioning have not been explored yet. This study aims to address these gaps using a sample of 161 patients with inflammatory bowel disease who completed self-report measures on an online survey. The results from path analyses showed that chronic illness-related shame presented direct and indirect effects on psychological health (R-2 = .66) and social relationships (R-2 = .46). The indirect effects were mediated by experiential avoidance and uncommitted living. Possible explanations to these findings and clinical implications are discussed.
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| 9. |
- Trindade, Inês A., 1990-, et al.
(författare)
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The moderating effect of psychological flexibility on the link between learned helplessness and depression symptomatology : A preliminary study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier. - 2212-1447. ; 15, s. 68-72
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: In accordance to ACT theory, psychological inflexibility may influence the well-known link between learned helplessness and depression symptomatology. This exploratory preliminary study aims to analyse whether psychological flexibility moderates the relationship between these variables.Methods: A community sample of 84 Portuguese participants (30 men and 54 women), with a mean age of 33.98 (SD = 11.05), completed the LHS, CompACT, and DASS-21. The moderating effect of psychological flexibility on the relationship between learned helplessness and depression symptomatology was calculated using the PROCESS computation macro.Results: The interaction term between learned helplessness and psychological flexibility was significant (b = -0.01, SE = 0.00, p < 0.001), pointing out psychological flexibility as a moderator of the association between learned helplessness and depression symptoms. The total model explained 55% of the variance of depression symptomatology. For the same level of learned helplessness, participants who reported higher psychological flexibility, presented less depression symptomatology. The buffer effect of psychological flexibility is stronger when learned helplessness is higher.Discussion: Higher psychological flexibility seems to be protective for depression symptomatology, in particular for those individuals who experience higher levels of learned helplessness. Individuals who are most likely to struggle with learned helplessness are potentially those who could benefit the most of an intervention targeting psychological flexibility as a way to ameliorate depressive symptomatology. Future studies with larger and clinical samples are required to confirm these preliminary findings.
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