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- Tulviste, Tiia, et al.
(författare)
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A comparison of Estonian, Swedish, and Finnish mothers' controlling attitudes and behaviour
- 2003
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Ingår i: International Journal of Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0020-7594 .- 1464-066X. ; 38:1, s. 46-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The current study examined maternal control of children across families with early adolescents from different sociocultural backgrounds. The intention was to find out whether belonging to the same ethnic group/language community (i.e., Estonian or Finnish) is more important for determination of child-rearing attitudes and practices than sharing the immediate sociocultural context (i.e., Swedish society). In addition, attention was paid to the relationship between attitudes and behaviour. The results were obtained from three monocultural samples of Estonian, Swedish, and Finnish families living in their country of origin; two bicultural samples consisted of Estonian and Finnish families residing in Sweden. Two types of data-mothers' reported attitudes towards the importance of control over children's behaviour (the Control Scale) and video-recorded real-life verbal behaviour-were used to determine how the mothers' attitudes towards control relate to the behavioural control exhibited in their real-life interactions. The study showed that the Finno-Ugric mothers living in their countries of origin controlled their children's behaviour significantly more frequently than those Finno-Ugric mothers who live in Sweden, but both Estonian samples outperformed Finns in their reported control attitudes. The Swedish mothers were the least directive among monocultural mothers both in maternal beliefs and in real-life behaviour, but they differed from Estonian and Finnish mothers residing in Sweden only in their lower scores on the Control Scale. The study revealed that mothers' real-life control behaviour corresponded rather modestly to their reported attitudes toward the importance of controlling children. Analyses of actual mother-child interaction showed that only the Estonian mothers living in Estonia actually put their relatively high scores on the Control Scale into practice in real-life interactions with their children. Finally, some characteristics of Estonian, Finnish, and Swedish languages and cultures are discussed that might determine the cultural differences in child rearing that emerged.
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- Tulviste, Tiia, et al.
(författare)
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A silent Finn, a silent Finno-Ugric, or a silent Nordic? : A comparative study of Estonian, Finnish, and Swedish mother-adolescent interactions
- 2003
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Ingår i: Applied Psycholinguistics. - 0142-7164 .- 1469-1817. ; 24:2, s. 249-265
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to compare some verbal characteristics of family interaction in the stereotypically tongue-tied Nordic region of the Western world. To this end we compared mothers' and early adolescents' talkativeness and monologuing and mothers' conversational dominance emerging in real-life video recordings in Estonian, Finnish, and Swedish mono- and bilingual families. All these nations have been characterized by previous research as "silent" and less talkative than other nations. The present study found that the Swedish mothers living in Sweden were talkative, as were the adolescents from Swedish monolingual and Swedish-Estonian bilingual families. In all measures of the amount of speech the mothers and adolescents from monolingual Estonian and Finnish families did not differ. According to our results, little talk seems to be characteristic of Finno-Ugric people, and the rate may be decreasing over time under the influence of a more talk-oriented cultural context.
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- Tulviste, Tiia
(författare)
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Sociocultural variation in mothers' control over children's behavior
- 2004
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Ingår i: ETHOS. - : Wiley. - 0091-2131 .- 1548-1352. ; 32:1, s. 34-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Prior findings of strict control of middle-class Estonian mothers have not been consistent with middle-class parent-child interaction patterns reported in other studies. The current study sought to find out to what degree the tendency to be more controlling toward children can be explained by the Estonian mothers' own experience of growing up in a totalitarian society. With this aim, measures of maternal controlling attitudes and actual verbal control of children were employed in a second country with a similar history of Soviet occupation-Latvia-and compared with previous data on Estonian, Finnish, and Swedish mono- and bicultural mothers. The questionnaire data revealed that Estonian (including Swedish-Estonian) and Latvian mothers placed higher emphasis on controlling children than did Finnish and Swedish mothers. At the same time, in their real-life interactions, only Estonian mothers living in Estonia exhibited a highly directive conversational style. Finally, the discussion focuses on possible reasons for cultural variability in maternal controlling attitudes and actual control of children.
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