| 1. |
- Boustedt, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
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A prospective study of perinatal and metabolic risk factors for early childhood caries
- 2020
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 109:11, s. 2356-2361
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim To study the relationship between early childhood caries and perinatal and metabolic risk factors in a cohort of preschool children. Methods The study population consisted of 208 children followed from birth to 6.5 years. We extracted the perinatal factors from medical records and questionnaires and assessed the occurrence of caries at the age of 5 years. Indicators of the metabolic syndrome (waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting insulin, glucose and dyslipidaemia) were recorded at 6.5 years of age. Results Infants born moderately to late preterm and infants born small for gestational age were more likely to have early childhood caries at 5 years of age (relative risk 4.2 and 2.3, respectively; P < .05). The presence of metabolic risk factors according to the IDEFICS monitoring levels did not differ between children with or without caries but a statistically significant correlation was found between the fasting glucose values and the number of decayed or filled teeth (r = 0.18; P < .05). Conclusion Being born preterm or small for gestational age increased the risk of early childhood caries. Preschool children with caries had higher fasting glucose levels but no other signs of the metabolic syndrome.
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| 2. |
- Boustedt, K., et al.
(författare)
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Free sugars and early childhood caries development: a prospective cohort study
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1818-6300 .- 1996-9805. ; 23:5, s. 829-833
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose To investigate the impact of giving children younger than 2 years foods and beverages with free sugars on the prevalence of early childhood caries at 5 years. Materials and methods The study group consisted of 208 children (105 boys and 103 girls) with a complete set of data on nursing, diet and caries from birth to 5 years. We collected feeding habits and dietary data through structured questionnaires at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months and the presence of decayed (d), missed (m) and filled (f) teeth was scored according to the WHO criteria at five years of age. We processed data with chi-square tests and expressed as relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals. Results At the age of 5 years, 22% of the children had caries. Intake of fruit juice with meals (RR 2.3) and cookies or biscuits at 24 months of age (RR 2.4), as well as fast food consumption at least once every week (RR 2.9), more than doubled the risk for early childhood caries (p < 0.05). Conclusions Within the limitations of the present study, we found a relationship between consumption of free sugars early in life and dental caries prevalence at 5 years. It therefore seems important to embrace and emphasise the current sugar recommendations in primary and dental care to educate caregivers to avoid serving free sugars to their children before the age of 2 years.
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| 3. |
- Boustedt, K., et al.
(författare)
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Is the mode of childbirth delivery linked to the prevalence of early childhood caries? A systematic review and meta-analysis
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1818-6300 .- 1996-9805. ; 22, s. 765-772
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The mode of childbirth delivery can influence the child’s future health and the aim of this study was to explore the association between the delivery mode and the prevalence of early childhood caries. Methods: We searched the PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane databases up to September 15, 2020. Two independent reviewers screened the papers for relevance, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias with the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. We performed a random effects meta-analysis to pool the prevalence of early childhood caries according to the mode of delivery. Results: The authors included 11 studies in the review, comprising 47,688 children with vaginal delivery and 10,994 with caesarean section (C-section). The publication years ranged from 1997 to 2020 and included birth cohorts, cross-sectional, register-based and case–control studies. We assessed three publications with low or moderate risk of bias. The median caries prevalence in the C-section group was 56.4% compared to 45.9% in the vaginal group and this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The pooled overall odds ratio was 1.48 (95% CI 1.07–2.05) indicating a weak but statistically significant trend towards a higher caries occurrence among children delivered with C-section. The certainty of this finding was low due to heterogeneity and inconsistencies across the studies. Conclusion: We found a weak but inconsistent association between the mode of delivery and the prevalence of early childhood caries. Further studies based on representative, prospective cohorts reporting a standardized core outcome set are required to answer the research question with higher certainty. © 2021, The Author(s).
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| 4. |
- Boustedt, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
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Tooth brushing habits and prevalence of early childhood caries: a prospective cohort study
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1818-6300 .- 1996-9805. ; 21, s. 155-159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To study the relationship between the tooth-brushing habits during the preschool ages and caries prevalence at the age of 5 years and to investigate a possible association with the mode of delivery. METHODS: The study population consisted of 336 children that were orally examined at 2, 3 and 5 years. All stages of caries were scored on tooth and surface level. Data on tooth brushing behaviour were collected through semi-structured interviews. RESULTS: At 5 years, the attrition rate was 13.1%. The total caries prevalence (cavitated and non-cavitated lesions) was 18.9%. The vast majority of the parents assisted their child with the brushing and 98% used fluoride toothpaste. The relative risk (RR) for caries was significantly (p < 0.05) increased for "tooth brushing less than twice daily" at two (RR 2.1, 95% CI 1.3-3.3, p < 0.01) and 3 years (RR 3.6, 95% CI 2.0-6.7; p < 0.001). Likewise, reporting "major/minor difficulties to perform tooth brushing" at 2 and 3 years was significantly related to caries development at the age of five (RR 1.5, 95% CI 1.0-2.4, p < 0.05 and RR 2.5, 95% CI 1.4-4.3; p < 0.01). We found no significant association between the tooth brushing habits and the mode of delivery. CONCLUSIONS: Less than twice daily tooth-brushing and difficulties to perform the procedure during the first preschool years were significant determinants of caries prevalence at the age of 5 years. Health professionals should, therefore, give special attention and assist parents to improve and optimize their tooth brushing behaviour during the preschool years.
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| 5. |
- Hasslöf, Pamela, et al.
(författare)
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Prevention of Recurrent Childhood Caries with Probiotic Supplements : A Randomized Controlled Trial with a 12-Month Follow-Up
- 2022
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Ingår i: Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins. - : Springer. - 1867-1306 .- 1867-1314. ; 14, s. 384-390
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of drops containing probiotic bacteria on the recurrence of dental caries in preschool children. The study employed a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded design with two parallel arms. 38 preschool children were enrolled after comprehensive restorative treatment under general anesthesia or conscious sedation (baseline), and they were followed up after 6 and 12 months. Parents of children in the test group were instructed to give 5 daily drops containing two strains of Limosilactobacillus reuteri (DSM 17938 and ATCC PTA 5289) at bedtime. The placebo drops were identically composed but lacked bacteria. The duration of the intervention was 12 months. The primary endpoint was recurrence of new caries lesions on subject level (yes/no), and secondary endpoints were presence of dental plaque and gingivitis. We found high rate of recurrent moderate and extensive lesions after 12 months (67%) but there were no significant differences between the groups. We observed no beneficial effects on dental plaque or gingival inflammation. The findings were however uncertain and inconclusive due to lack of power, a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic. ClinTrials.gov Identifier: (NCT04929340), June 18, 2021; retrospectively registered.
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| 6. |
- Twetman, S., et al.
(författare)
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Systematic review suggests a relationship between moderate to late preterm birth and early childhood caries
- 2020
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 109:12, s. 2472-2478
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim The aim was to examine the association between moderate to late preterm birth and the prevalence of early childhood caries. Methods We searched the PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Trials Register databases up to February 28, 2020. Two independent reviewers screened the papers for relevance, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to pool the prevalence of early childhood caries by gestational age. Results The authors identified 14 studies covering 210,691 children. They were published from 2007-2020 and included birth cohorts, cross-sectional, register-based and case-control studies. We assessed eight of them as having low or moderate risk of bias. The median caries prevalence was 48.8% among children born moderate to late preterm compared to 20.5% for those born full term. The pooled overall odds ratio was 1.48 (95% confidence interval 1.16-1.89;P < .001). The certainty of this finding was low due to heterogeneity and inconsistencies across the studies. Conclusion This systematic review and meta-analysis displayed a significantly higher prevalence of early childhood caries in children born moderate to late preterm compared to full term children. The finding suggests that the gestational age should be collected as a risk factor in the paediatric dental records.
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