| 1. |
- Barchéus, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Communication enablers for delegation : A relational model for the new ATM system
- 2010
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Ingår i: Proceedings for Human-Computer Interaction in Aerospace HCI. - New York : ACM Press.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- As the aviation community faces the application of new technology with possibly changing relations between pilots and controllers,there is a need for models describing the situation regarding division of tasks and responsibilities. The current paper proposes amodel for describing the distribution of roles between controller and pilot. Observations of current and simulated future scenariosgive a largely sequential order for separation tasks. A model of automation is applied to describe the relation between controllersand pilots through all scenarios from Free Flight to remote operations (UAS). Conclusions include a need for more flexiblecommunication to allow appropriate handling of emerging cognitive functions.
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| 2. |
- Barchéus, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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In Need of a Model for Complexity Assessment of Highly Automated Human Machine Systems
- 2011
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current methodologies in engineering relying on strict boundary definitions in order to be comprehensible are generally cost efficient and effective within those boundaries. However, in operational settings systems tend to operate outside those defined borders. The trend of coupling systems in greater constellations will increase the interactions between different systems and thus increase the non-defined behavior even further. Thus, there is a need to define new methods and models that to a larger extent allow the existence of non-nominal system behavior. The main goal of the present research is to improve system performance, by developing tool/model to assess important aspects of complexity which will improve design for operability (McDonald et al., 2009). The purpose of this paper is to identify relevant aspects for analysis in relation to complexity and Human Factors in an ATM future highly automated system. The present paper presents some existing models and principles in complexity theory related to socio-technical systems. The result expands on these to form a set of requirements for future model development.
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| 3. |
- Leva, Chiara, et al.
(författare)
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The challenge of system Change in aviation : The MASCA project
- 2012
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Ingår i: Advances in Safety, Reliability and Risk Management -. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 9780415683791 ; , s. 1825-1832
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Within the aviation industry the need for sustainable change is becoming more and more impera-tive. Change is in fact something being imposed on the industry from a number of sources (e.g Upcoming Regulations, increasing commercial pressure and the introduction of new technologies) and the need for change management skills and capability within organisations is increasing.The paper presents the initial needs and case study upon which a research project sponsored by European Union to deliver a structure to manage the acquisition and retention of skills and knowledge, through training on organisational processes for managing change. The Project called MASCA takes an action research approach with a primary focus on the transfer of change management capability into the organisations that are responsible for and involved in change initiatives.
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| 4. |
- Lindahl, Marcus, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical Innovation Fellowship : an innovation / education initiative for medtech
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A new initiative of advanced multidisciplinary training in innovation, highly based on collaboration betweenstakeholders in health care, medical device industry and universities. Key areas of development are; overallprinciples of teaching innovation, accelerated problem based learning, the innovation process as educationand practice, needs in healthcare & medtech industry.This paper presents a Swedish initiative of advanced multidisciplinary training in innovation, which is highly based oncollaboration between stakeholders in health care, medical device industry and universities. The goal of this post-graduate education in clinic-centered innovation is to contribute to the development of a regional medical device cluster, toeducate the health care and medical device innovators and leaders for the future and to develop technical and organizational tools and solutions for the participating clinics.A few years ago some individuals at the Center for Technology, Medicine and Health, CTMH, got in contact with theStanford Biodesign Innovation program. Since the need for collaboration across boundaries and silos had been identified there was almost an instant initiative to try this model in Sweden. A dedicated effort to get funding and buildingresearch capacity started in parallel. A joint project for designing and developing a Swedish variation of the programwas set up.The paper presents examples of an existing innovation research education program at Stanford University and thenthe Swedish initiative that starts in the fall of 2010. Then issues and key areas of interest that have been identified indevelopment of the Swedish initiative are presented.These are; overall principles of teaching innovation, accelerated problem based learning, the innovation processas education and practive, and finally particular needs in Swedish health care and medical technology industry. Animportant difference between the programs at Stanford and Stockholm is the inclusion in the Swedish initiative of theorganizational issues faced by the clinics. These issues are exemplified with leadership and management theoriesidentifying health care as a technology intensive and safety critical socio-technical system. Finally these key areas of interest are then consolidated in designing the overall approach to the Swedish initiative and the curriculum in the fellowsspecialized training.The paper reports findings from an ongoing research project whose aim is to identify obstacles and success factorsfor initiating such an initiative within Swedish university and healthcare structures. The research project also aims toevaluate at least three cycles of the program.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- McDonald, N., et al.
(författare)
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Proactive safety performance for aviation operations
- 2014
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Ingår i: 11th International Conference on Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics, EPCE 2014, Held as Part of 16th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, HCI International 2014. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319075143 ; , s. 351-362
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The EU Vision 2020 sets a goal of reducing the air travel accident rate by 80%. Achieving this vision requires innovation and a different approach. PROSPERO (Proactive Safety Performance for Operations) is an EU FP7 project that will provide an advanced systemic methodology for managing the improvement process to help achieve that goal, as well as delivering a way of measuring progress. The overall objectives of PROSPERO are to; (i) Provide a proactive anticipation of complex system risks; (ii) Ensure more effective management of and enhanced learning from situations where risks cannot be designed out of the operation and (iii) Achieve substantial improvement in the elimination of and recovery from human error. This paper reports on the overall PROSPERO concept and high level system requirements as they emerged from the first research phase that focused on identifying industry needs.
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| 7. |
- McDonald, Nicholas, et al.
(författare)
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The Challenges of Organizational Change: what has Human Factors to offer?
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the IES annual conference 2011. ; , s. 48-57
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Within the aviation industry the need for sustainable change is becoming more and more unavoidable. Change is in fact something being imposed on the industry from a number of sources (e.g. Upcoming Regulations, in-creasing commercial pressure and the introduction of new technologies) and the need for change management skills and capability within organisations is increasing. The paper presents the initial approach to answer those needs in a research project called MASCA (MAnaging System Change in Aviation. The project is sponsored by European Union to deliver a structure to manage the acquisition and retention of skills and knowledge, through training on organisational processes for managing change. MASCA takes an action research approach with a primary focus on the transfer of change management capability into the organisations that are responsible for and involved in change initiatives; especially in the area of performance management in safety.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Okwir, Simon, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Sources of Complexity within a System of System : Implications for Performance Management
- 2014
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Ingår i: EurOMA Conference, Palermo, Italy, 20- 25 June 2014.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to identify factors that induce complexity in the airport Turn-Around Process (TAP) so as to understand implications for Perfromance Measurement and Management (PMM). The study is addressed as an inductive/exploratory case study. The unit of analysis is the Turn-Around Process at a major Swedish airport. Data is obtained from conducting twenty-three semi-structured interviews. In addition, participant observations during eight months were conducted. As a result, three implications for PMM are identified as (i) organizational complexity, (ii) Continious improvement, (iii) social system. The findings support the challenge of managing interoperability within complex multi-stakeholder settings. The value of this study is that it enhances our understanding on how inter- organizational performance can be examined and hence managed
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