| 1. |
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Arbete och teknik på människans villkor
- 2015. - 3
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- För att förstå samspelet mellan människor och mellan människor och teknik, krävs kunskaper inom flera olika områden. Boken inkluderar därför begrepp, kunskaper och metoder från bland annat psykologi, medicin, sociologi, fysik, kemi, ekonomi och juridik.Boken vänder sig främst till studerande inom arbetsvetenskap, ergonomi och liknande ämnesbenämningar på tekniska universitets- och högskoleutbildningar. Den passar också yrkesverksamma arbetsmiljöingenjörer, ergonomer och sjukgymnaster med flera.
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| 2. |
- Asplund, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Work functions shaping the ability to innovate: insights from the case of the safety engineer
- 2019
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Ingår i: Cognition, Technology & Work. - Heidelberg, Germany : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1435-5558 .- 1435-5566.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To perform as intended, firms are divided into work functions that contribute to the behaviour-shaping constraints under which individuals build their skills, knowledge and networks. These in turn provide a specialized perspective on organisational structure and culture. In a mixed methods study involving interviews and statistical analyses, we investigate whether a work function can thereby affect individuals’ innovation foci and efficacy. Safety engineers, central to firms developing Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), are shown to play a significant role in identifying and supporting viable innovation related to organisational aspects. Results indicate that safety engineers could use the firm’s collaborative innovation process to facilitate organisational learning, helping different work functions come together to construct working practices aligned with the organisational values of the firm. This is explained by their understanding of safety culture—a specialized understanding of organisational culture and complexity provided by their work function. We conclude that work functions that provide their members with a perspective well aligned with their firm’s organisational values can instil the ability to identify and support organisational innovation. This suggests that safety engineers in CPS domains could be effective in a mediatory role, facilitating innovative changes to organisational structures and processes when introducing and operating safety management systems. Stronger aspects of organisational liaising and systems thinking could reinforce this ability—the former by a wider scope and motivation leading to an increased skill in communicating with dissimilar individuals, and the latter by providing the skills and tools needed to analyse the politics of complex organisations.
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| 3. |
- Corrigan, S., et al.
(författare)
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Managing the risk of change : A new approach
- 2015
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Ingår i: Safety and Reliability of Complex Engineered Systems - Proceedings of the 25th European Safety and Reliability Conference, ESREL 2015. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 9781138028791 ; , s. 3443-3446
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- While there is wide spread acceptance that the capability for ensuring sustainable change within the aviation industry is critical, the evidence from industrial based case-studies on ‘what factors make for successful change’ and how to ‘manage the risk of change’ have been few and far between. Addressing the very real challenges industry has in implementing sustainable change is the key focus of two EU FP7 collaborative projects called MASCA (MAnaging System Change in Aviation) and PROSPERO (Proactive Safety Performance for Aviation). The MASCA project focused on the processes of change and building the capacity of organisations to manage the change process. PROSPERO is developing a methodology for assessing the risk in the change process based upon the ability to evaluate the change process as it goes through its various phases. All of which are being tested and evaluated through a number of parallel case studies. This paper reports on the development of a system change and operational evaluation tool (SCOPE/Structured Enquiry) which emphasises the following themes: understanding the functionality of the operational system, how this can be enhanced by management processes, the inclusiveness of social relations, trust, the transformative role of information and the development of knowledge. The paper also reports on work linking this framework to an overall system risk model in order to manage the risk in the actual change process itself.
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| 4. |
- Corrigan, S., et al.
(författare)
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Preparing for Airport Collaborative Decision Making (A-CDM) implementation : an evaluation and recommendations
- 2015
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Ingår i: Cognition, Technology & Work. - : Springer. - 1435-5558 .- 1435-5566. ; 17:2, s. 207-218
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The key objective of this paper was to report on one of the industrial-based change case studies of the MASCA project (MAnaging System Change in Aviation-EU FP7, 2010-2013 ). This case study provides a systematic insight into one airport's approach to their preparation for full implementation of Airport Collaborative Decision Making (A-CDM). An action-based methodological approach was applied over a 3-year period, and a particular focus of this paper is on the application of the MASCA system change and operational evaluation tool (SCOPE/Structured Enquiry). Key recommendations resulted in research-led interventions, such as the development of a Serious Game to facilitate co-ordination and communications. The paper also reports on future recommendations for the implementation of A-CDM, such as prioritising social relations and trust building amongst airport stakeholders as opposed to viewing A-CDM solely as an IT-led project. Recommendations and learning from this case study can also be disseminated to other airports who are about to embark on the preparation for full A-CDM implementation and compliance.
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| 5. |
- Lashgari, Maryam, et al.
(författare)
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Adoption Strategies of Social Media in B2B : A Multiple Case Study Approach
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of business & industrial marketing. - 0885-8624 .- 2052-1189.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this study is to clarify business-to-business (B2B) firms’ strategies of social media (SM) marketing communication. Secondly, to explore the factors contributing to the formation of adoption and integration strategies, and identify who the B2B firms target.Design/methodology/approach – A multiple case study approach is utilized to compare four multinational corporations and their practices. Face to face interviews with key managers, as well as extensive readings and observations of the firms’ websites and SM platforms have been conducted.Findings – The study results in a model, illustrating different processes of selection, adoption and integration involved in the development of SM communication strategy for B2B firms. Major factors involved in determining the platform type, and strategies used within different phases and processes are identified.Research limitations/implications – Since the chosen methodology may limit generalizability, further research is encouraged to test the model within a B2B context especially within SMEs, as only large multinational corporations were investigated in this study.Practical implications – The paper provides insight in to how B2B marketers can align SM with the firm’s goals through the strategic selection of platforms in order to reach the targeted audience and communicate their message.Originality/value - The study uncovers the benefits gained by B2B firms’ through interaction with individuals on SM. This is a significant contribution as the value of such interaction was previously undefined and acted as a barrier for adopting SM in some B2B firms.
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| 6. |
- Lashgari, Maryam, et al.
(författare)
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Adoption strategies of social media in B2B firms : a multiple case study approach
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of business & industrial marketing. - Bingley : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0885-8624 .- 2052-1189. ; 33:5, s. 730-743
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of this study is to clarify business-to-business (B2B) firms’ strategies of social media marketing communication. The study aims to explore the factors contributing to the formation and adoption of integration strategies and identify who the B2B firms target. Design/methodology/approach: A multiple case study approach is used to compare four multinational corporations and their practices. Face-to-face interviews with key managers, and extensive readings and observations of the firms’ websites and social media platforms have been conducted. Findings: The study results in a model, illustrating different processes of selection, adoption and integration involved in the development of social media communication strategy for B2B firms. Major factors involved in determining the platform type, and strategies used within different phases and processes are identified. Research limitations/implications: As the chosen methodology may limit generalizability, further research is encouraged to test the model within a B2B context especially within small and medium enterprises as only large multinational corporations were investigated in this study. Practical implications: The paper provides insight into how B2B marketers can align social media with their firms’ goals through the strategic selection of platforms to reach the targeted audience and communicate their message. Originality/value: The study uncovers the benefits gained by B2B firms’ through interaction with individuals on social media. This is a significant contribution as the value of such interaction was previously undefined and acted as a barrier for adopting social media in some B2B firms. © 2018, Emerald Publishing Limited.
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| 7. |
- McDonald, Nick, et al.
(författare)
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Governance, complexity and deep system threats
- 2019
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Ingår i: 8th REA Symposium on Resilience Engineering.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aviation, health care and financial services are increasingly stretched due to aspects that pose deep enduring systemic threats to our societies, challenging our ability to respond with commensurate socio-technical solutions. It has been argued that complex systems like these are intractable, defying generalisable analysis that could support prediction and control, and hence are not amenable to compliance models of regulation. Instead it is argued here that this ability can be developed with applying governance to a knowledge system.The knowledge system needs to identify relevant system properties with leverage on operational risk. Big data analysis plus model-based reasoning, can identify generic socio-technical system characteristics. To make sense of the relations between system and outcome a complementary capability to model the functionality of producing the data is needed.Our socio-technical analysis model is based on the following principles: purposive human systems have outcomes and produce value; this involves at least a minimal sequence of activity with related dependencies; it is the reciprocal nature of social relations that makes that sequence possible, and the flow of knowledge and information enables these productive roles of people. A governance system is required to assure that this works.A governance system should generate a motivation, an “obligation to act” to use the knowledge directly within operations, to implement and validate solutions, and to manage risk across the system. This behaviour needs to be sustained in three cycles of governance: Operational, Improvement and Strategic. The operational feedback loop maintains its role to ensure close monitoring of the operational impact of the system change, maintaining a close link between strategic implementation and operational experience.Safety is not something distinct and separate from other aspects of system functionality, but it needs to be integrated into a new evidence-based governance of operational risk which is outlined in this paper.
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| 8. |
- Okwir, Simon, 1982-
(författare)
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Collaborative Measures : Challenges in Airport Operations
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Over the last 20 years, internal use of Performance Management(PM) within organizations has become much more complex in terms measurement techniques and approaches as well as their deployment within different organizational structures. In contrast to the traditional use of PM as an intra-organizational system, the emergence of networked operations, has extended organizational boundaries of Performance Management System (PMS) to new operational settings where actors often deal with a challenge of Collaborative Measures. Consequently, there is a significant lack of feedback and feedforward reporting mechanisms. This raises an important question for Performance Measurement & Management (PMM) literature. How do actors manage operations through inter- organizational performance measures? Hence, the purpose of this thesis is to investigate the management of collaborative measures in a quest to attain better operational performance for inter- organizational PM.The thesis builds on four studies investigating a collaborative PMS for capacity enhancements in airport operations. Due to their operational complexity and highly networked subsystems, airport operations provided a fitting empirical scene for studying PM that transcends organizational boundaries. Within the context of this thesis, airports are viewed as a System of System (SoS), and inter- organizational PM is investigated with the dimensions Organizational Complexity, Continuous Improvement and Social system. The studies use a multimethod approach, including longitudinal action research, multiple-case study, Systematic Literature Review (SLR), Classification and Regression Tree method (CART) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Method.The findings show that that (1) inter- organizational performance is affected by intrinsic Performance Measurement Complexity (PMC) which aggregates as interactive complexity with many actors. (2) The challenge of feedback and feedforward mechanisms as a dual control for collaborative performance is analysed with four cybernetic functions: sensor, commander, actuator and process. (3) The concept of Reflective Performance Measurement System (RPMS) is introduced with general conditions to facilitate collaborative decision-making within such platforms.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Okwir, Simon, et al.
(författare)
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Managing turnaround performance through Collaborative Decision Making
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Air Transport Management. - : Elsevier. - 0969-6997 .- 1873-2089. ; 58, s. 183-196
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to explore turnaround performance as a resultant from both Collaborative Decision Making (CDM) processes and collaborative measures. This paper presents how CDM operates in the Turnaround Process (TAP) to propose a new method for managing the collaborative turnaround performance of all actors by predicting the most critical indicators. To achieve this, data from a CDM airport is used. Sample data of 6500 observations, taken from turnaround movements handled in 2014 at Madrid-Barajas Airport, were obtained from three separate databases and analyzed separately (in three databases). To predict turnaround performance, this paper also introduces a predictor dependent variable called "star values" as a measure of minimal delay conditions in order to predict time performance. The analysis shows that the proposed method unveils a new approach in determining how collaborative performance can be measured in the TAP and the predicted key performance indicators, which shows variations in the predicted CDM indicators. Results challenge managers and policymakers to find which improvements can be enacted for better usage of airport infrastructures and resources for optimum use as well as enhanced TAP. In terms of theory use and extension, the study reveals how CDM is an essential element in the literature on air traffic management.
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