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- Carlos, Pérez-Penichet, et al.
(författare)
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Battery-Free 802.15.4 Receiver
- 2018
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Ingår i: 2018 17th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Information Processing in Sensor Networks (IPSN). - : IEEE. - 9781538652985 ; , s. 164-175
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the architecture of an 802.15.4 receiver that, for the first time, operates at a few hundred microwatts, enabling new battery-free applications. To reach the required micro-power consumption, the architecture diverges from that of commodity receivers in two important ways. First, it offloads the power-hungry local oscillator to an external device, much like backscatter transmitters do. Second, we avoid the energy cost of demodulating a phase-modulated signal by treating 802.15.4 as a frequency-modulated one, which allows us to receive with a simple passive detector and an energy-efficient thresholding circuit. We describe a prototype that can receive 802.15.4 frames with a power consumption of 361 μW. Our receiver prototype achieves sufficient communication range to integrate with deployed wireless sensor networks (WSNs).We illustrate this integration by pairing the prototype with an 802.15.4 backscatter transmitter and integrating it with unmodified 802.15.4 sensor nodes running the TSCH and Glossy protocols.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Giustiniano, Domenico, et al.
(författare)
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Connecting Battery-free IoT Tags Using LED Bulbs
- 2018
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 17th ACM Workshop on Hot Topics in Networks. - New York, NY, USA : ACM. ; , s. 99-105, s. 99-105
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We introduce BackVLC, a system to connect battery-free IoT tags using LED bulbs. We make use of bulbs beyond illumination. We send data to the tags with visible light communication (VLC), and retrofit the bulbs with simple circuitry to enable the uplink channel current VLC systems lack, using Radio Frequency (RF) backscatter communication from the tags. Tags process and send data, harvesting energy from light and radio. We present our system design and implementation, evaluate it in preliminary simulation studies and experiments, and discuss the research challenges to develop a complete network architecture. BackVLC is the first work that combines VLC with RF backscatter.
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| 5. |
- Hylamia, Abdullah, et al.
(författare)
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Demo : Towards battery-free radio tomographic imaging
- 2018
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Ingår i: WiSec 2018 - Proceedings of the 11th ACM Conference on Security and Privacy in Wireless and Mobile Networks. - New York, NY, USA : ACM. - 9781450357319 ; , s. 293-295, s. 293-295
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Radio Tomographic Imaging (RTI) enables novel radio frequency (RF) sensing applications such as intrusion detection systems by observing variations in radio links caused by human actions. RTI applications are, however, severely limited by the requirement to retrofit existing infrastructure with energy-expensive sensors. In this demonstration, we present our ongoing efforts to develop the first battery-free RTI system that operates on minuscule amounts of energy harvested from the ambient environment. Our system eliminates the energy-expensive components employed on state-of-the-art RTI systems achieving two orders of magnitude lower power consumption. Battery-free operation enables a sustainable deployment, as RTI sensors could be deployed for long periods of time with little maintenance effort. Our demonstration showcases an intrusion detection scenario enabled by our system.
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| 8. |
- Hylamia, Sam, et al.
(författare)
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Security on harvested power
- 2018
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Ingår i: WiSec 2018 - Proceedings of the 11th ACM Conference on Security and Privacy in Wireless and Mobile Networks. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery, Inc. - 9781450357319 ; , s. 296-298
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Security mechanisms for battery-free devices have to operate under severe energy constraints relying on harvested energy. This is challenging, as the energy harvested from the ambient environment is usually scarce, intermittent and unpredictable. One of the challenges for developing security mechanisms for such settings is the lack of hardware platforms that recreate energy harvesting conditions experienced on a battery-free sensor node. In this demonstration, we present an energy harvesting security (EHS) platform that enables the development of security algorithms for battery-free sensors. Our results demonstrate that our platform is able to harvest sufficient energy from indoor lighting to support several widely used cryptography algorithms.
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| 9. |
- Pérez-Penichet, Carlos, et al.
(författare)
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Demo Abstract : Battery-Free 802.15.4 Receiver
- 2018
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Ingår i: 2018 17th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Information Processing in Sensor Networks (IPSN). - : IEEE. - 9781538652985 ; , s. 130-131
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the architecture for an 802.15.4 receiver that enables battery-free operation. To reach micro-power consumption, the architecture diverges from that of commodity receivers in the following ways: First, similar to backscatter transmitters, it offloads the power-hungry local oscillator to an external device. Second, we avoid the energy cost of demodulating a phase-modulated signal by treating 802.15.4 as a frequency-modulated one, allowing us to receive with a simple passive detector and an energy-efficient thresholding circuit. We demonstrate an off-the-shelf prototype of our receiver receives 802.15.4 from a distance of 470 cm with the carrier generator 30 cm away. This range is sufficient to integrate with deployed wireless sensor networks (WSNs). We demonstrate this integration by pairing our receiver with a 802.15.4 backscatter transmitter and integrating it with unmodified commodity sensor nodes running the TSCH protocol.
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| 10. |
- Varshney, Ambuj
(författare)
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Enabling Sustainable Networked Embedded Systems
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Networked Embedded Systems (NES) are small energy-constrained devices typically with sensors, radio and some form of energy storage. The past several years have seen a rapid growth of applications of NES, with several predictions stating billions of devices deployed in the near future. As NES are deployed at large scale, a growing challenge is to support NES for long periods of time without negatively impacting their physical or the radio environment, i.e., in a sustainable manner. In this dissertation, we identify intertwined challenges that affect the sustainability of NES systems: co-existence on the shared wireless spectrum; energy consumption; and the cost of the deployment and maintenance. We identify research directions to overcome these challenges and address them through the six research papers.Firstly, NES have to co-exist with other wireless devices that operate on the shared wireless spectrum. A growing number of devices contending for the spectrum is challenging and leads to increased interference among them. To enable NES to co-exist with other wireless devices, we investigate the use of electronically steerable directional antennas (ESD). ESD antennas allow software-based control of the direction of maximum antenna gain on a per-packet basis and can operate within the severe energy constraints of NES. In the dissertation, we demonstrate that ESD antennas allow solutions that outperform the state-of-the-art in sensing and communication in wireless sensor networks while supporting operations on a single wireless channel reducing the contention on the shared wireless spectrum.Secondly, we explore the emerging area of visible light sensing and communication to avoid the crowded radio frequency spectrum. Visible light can be an alternative or a complement to radio frequency for sensing and communication. We make two contributions in the dissertation to make the visible light communication a viable option for NES. We design a novel visible light sensing architecture that supports sensing and communication at tens of microwatts of power. An ultra-low power consumption can make visible light sensing systems pervasive. Our second contribution brings high-speed visible light communication to energy-constrained NES. We design a novel visible light receiver that adapts to the dynamics of changing light conditions, and the energy constraints of the host device while supporting a throughput comparable to radio frequency standards for NES. Through our contribution, we take a significant step to enable visible light-based sustainable NES.Finally, replacing batteries on sensor nodes significantly affects the sustainability of NES. Battery-free sensors that harvest small amounts of energy from the ambient environment have a great potential to enable pervasive deployment of NES. To support wide-area deployments of battery-free sensors, we develop an ultra-low power and long-range communication mechanism. We demonstrate the ability to communicate to distances as long as a few kilometres while consuming tens of microwatts at the sensor device. Our contributions pave the way for a wide-area deployment of battery-free sustainable NES.Through the contributions made in the dissertation, we take a significant step towards the broader goal of sustainable NES. The work included in the dissertation significantly improves the state-of-the-art in NES, in some case by orders of magnitude.
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