| 1. |
- Amadeo, Marica, et al.
(författare)
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Enhancing the 3GPP V2X Architecture with Information-Centric Networking
- 2019
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Ingår i: Future Internet. - Basel : MDPI. - 1999-5903. ; 11:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications allow a vehicle to interact with other vehicles and with communication parties in its vicinity (e.g., road-side units, pedestrian users, etc.) with the primary goal of making the driving and traveling experience safer, smarter and more comfortable. A wide set of V2X-tailored specifications have been identified by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) with focus on the design of architecture enhancements and a flexible air interface to ensure ultra-low latency, highly reliable and high-throughput connectivity as the ultimate aim. This paper discusses the potential of leveraging Information-Centric Networking (ICN) principles in the 3GPP architecture for V2X communications. We consider Named Data Networking (NDN) as reference ICN architecture and elaborate on the specific design aspects, required changes and enhancements in the 3GPP V2X architecture to enable NDN-based data exchange as an alternative/complementary solution to traditional IP networking, which barely matches the dynamics of vehicular environments. Results are provided to showcase the performance improvements of the NDN-based proposal in disseminating content requests over the cellular network against a traditional networking solution. © 2019 by the authors.
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| 2. |
- Aujla, Gagangeet Singh, et al.
(författare)
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Data Offloading in 5G-Enabled Software-Defined Vehicular Networks : A Stackelberg-Game-Based Approach
- 2017
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Ingår i: IEEE Communications Magazine. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE. - 0163-6804 .- 1558-1896. ; 55:8, s. 100-108
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Data offloading using vehicles is one of the most challenging tasks to perform due to the high mobility of vehicles. There are many solutions available for this purpose, but due to the inefficient management of data along with the control decisions, these solutions are not adequate to provide data offloading by making use of the available networks. Moreover, with the advent of 5G and related technologies, there is a need to cope with high speed and traffic congestion in the existing infrastructure used for data offloading. Hence, to make intelligent decisions for data offloading, an SDN-based scheme is presented in this article. In the proposed scheme, an SDNbased controller is designed that makes decisions for data offloading by using the priority manager and load balancer. Using these two managers in SDN-based controllers, traffic routing is managed efficiently even with an increase in the size of the network. Moreover, a single-leader multi-follower Stackelberg game for network selection is also used for data offloading. The proposed scheme is evaluated with respect to several parameters where its performance was found to be superior in comparison to the existing schemes. © Copyright 2017 IEEE
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| 3. |
- Belyaev, Evgeny, et al.
(författare)
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Robust vehicle-to-infrastructure video transmission for road surveillance applications
- 2015
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Press. - 0018-9545 .- 1939-9359. ; 64:7, s. 2991-3003
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IEEE 802.11p vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication technology is currently an emerging research topic in both industry and academia. Respective spectrum allocation of 10 MHz channels in the 5.9 GHz band for USA and Europe allows considering inter-vehicle transmission of a live video information as a basis, which enables a new class of safety and infotainment automotive applications such as road video surveillance. This paper is first of its kind where such a video transmission system is developed and experimentally validated. We propose a low-complexity unequal packet loss protection and rate control algorithms for a scalable video coding based on the three-dimensional discrete wavelet transform. We show that in comparison with a scalable extension of the H.264/AVC standard the new codec is less sensitive to packet losses, has less computational complexity and provides comparable performance in case of unequal packet loss protection. It is specially designed to cope with severe channel fading typical for dynamic vehicular environments and has a low complexity, making it a feasible solution for real-time automotive surveillance applications. Extensive measurements obtained in realistic city traffic scenarios demonstrate that good visual quality and continuous playback is possible when the moving vehicle is in the radius of 600 meters from the roadside unit. ©2014 IEEE
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| 4. |
- Belyaev, Evgeny, et al.
(författare)
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Uncoordinated multi-user video streaming in VANETs using Skype
- 2017
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Ingår i: 2017 IEEE 22nd International Workshop on Computer Aided Modeling and Design of Communication Links and Networks (CAMAD). - 9781509063024 - 9781509063031
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Real-time video delivery in Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) scenario enables a variety of multimedia vehicular services. We conduct experiments with Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) transceivers located in the mutual proximity and exchanging Skype video calls traffic. We demonstrate that the lack of coordination between the users both at the application as well as Medium Access Control (MAC) layers results in problems with quality of service provisioning even for the setup without vehicular mobility. © Copyright 2017 IEEE
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| 5. |
- Bocharova, Irina, et al.
(författare)
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Characterizing Packet Losses in Vehicular Networks
- 2019
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE. - 0018-9545 .- 1939-9359. ; 68:9, s. 8347-8358
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To enable testing and performance evaluation of new connected and autonomous driving functions, it is important to characterize packet losses caused by degradation in vehicular (V2X) communication channels. In this paper we suggest an approach to constructing packet loss models based on the socalled Pseudo-Markov chains (PMC). The PMC based model needs only short training sequences, has low computational complexity, and yet provides more precise approximations than known techniques. We show how to learn PMC models from either empirical records of packet receptions, or from analytical models of fluctuations in the received signal strength. In particular, we validate our approach by applying it on (i) V2X packet reception data collected from an active safety test run, which used the LTE network of the AstaZero automotive testing site in Sweden, and (ii) variants of the Rician fading channel models corresponding to two models of correlations of packet losses. We also show that initializing the Baum-Welch algorithm with a second order PMC model leads to a high accuracy model. © 2019 IEEE.
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| 6. |
- Bocharova, Irina, et al.
(författare)
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Low Delay Inter-Packet Coding in Vehicular Networks
- 2019
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Ingår i: Future Internet. - Basel : MDPI. - 1999-5903. ; 11:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems (C-ITSs), vehicles need to wirelessly connect with Roadside units (RSUs) over limited durations when such point-to-point connections are possible. One example of such communications is the downloading of maps to the C-ITS vehicles. Another example occurs in the testing of C-ITS vehicles, where the tested vehicles upload trajectory records to the roadside units. Because of real-time requirements, and limited bandwidths, data are sent as User Datagram Protocol (UDP) packets. We propose an inter-packet error control coding scheme that improves the recovery of data when some of these packets are lost; we argue that the coding scheme has to be one of convolutional coding. We measure performance through the session averaged probability of successfully delivering groups of packets. We analyze two classes of convolution codes and propose a low-complexity decoding procedure suitable for network applications. We conclude that Reed–Solomon convolutional codes perform better than Wyner–Ash codes at the cost of higher complexity. We show this by simulation on the memoryless binary erasure channel (BEC) and channels with memory, and through simulations of the IEEE 802.11p DSRC/ITS-G5 network at the C-ITS test track AstaZero.
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| 7. |
- Bocharova, Irina, et al.
(författare)
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Modeling Packet Losses in Communication Networks
- 2019
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Ingår i: 2019 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory. - Piscataway, N.J. : IEEE. - 9781538692912 - 9781538692905 - 9781538692929 ; , s. 1012-1016
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- An approach to constructing discrete models of packet losses suitable for a wide variety of communication network applications is studied. It is based on estimating parameters of probabilistic automata described via so-called pseudo-Markov chains. The new technique is applied both to approximating a discrete time analog process at the output of known channel models and to the experimental data stream. Comparison of models is performed by computing probabilities of more than m losses out of n transmitted packets (P (≥ m, n)). It is shown that for the Rician fading channel with exponential correlation and correlation determined by a Bessel filter, the obtained rank-two and rank-three discrete modes, respectively, provide high accuracy coincidence of P (≥ m, n) performances. The rank-three discrete model computed on the experimental data stream obtained from the LTE network provides significantly better approximation of P (≥ m, n) performance than that obtained by the Baum-Welch algorithm.
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| 8. |
- Boeira, Felipe, 1992-, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of Colluding Sybil Nodes in Message Falsification Attacks for Vehicular Platooning
- 2017
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Ingår i: 2017 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference (VNC). - : IEEE. - 9781538609866 - 9781538609859 - 9781538609873
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper studies the impact of vulnerabilities associated with the Sybil attack (through falsification of multiple identities) and message falsification in vehicular platooning. Platooning employs Inter-Vehicular Communication (IVC) to control a group of vehicles. It uses broadcast information such as acceleration, position, and velocity to operate a longitudinal control law. Cooperation among vehicles allows platoons to reduce fuel consumption and risks associated with driver mistakes. In spite of these benefits, the use of network communication to control vehicles exposes a relevant attack surface that can be exploited by malicious actors. To carry out this study, we evaluate five scenarios to quantify the potential impact of such attacks, identifying how platoons behave under varying Sybil attack conditions and what are the associated safety risks. This research also presents the use of location hijacking attack. In this attack, innocent vehicles that are not part of a platoon are used as a way to create trust bond between the false identities and the physical vehicles. We demonstrate that the ability to create false identities increases the effectiveness of message falsification attacks by making them easier to deploy and harder to detect in time.
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| 9. |
- Boeira, Felipe, et al.
(författare)
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On the impact of sybil attacks in cooperative driving scenarios
- 2017
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Ingår i: 2017 IFIP Networking Conference (IFIP Networking) and Workshops. - : IEEE. - 9783901882944 - 9781538628294
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Platooning employs a set of technologies to manage how a group of vehicles operates, including radar, GPS and Inter-Vehicular Communication (IVC). It uses broadcasted information such as acceleration, position and velocity to operate vehicle members of the platoon. Cooperation among vehicles allows platoons to reduce fuel consumption and risks associated with driver mistakes. In spite of these benefits, the use of IVC to control vehicles exposes a relevant attack surface that can be exploited by malicious actors. In this paper we study the impact of vulnerabilities associated with the Sybil attack (through falsification of multiple identities) and message falsification in vehicular platooning. Simulation results show that this attack may impact the longitudinal control and compromise the entire platoon control. © Copyright 2018 IEEE
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| 10. |
- Campolo, Claudia, et al.
(författare)
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Full-Duplex Radios for Vehicular Communications
- 2017
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Ingår i: IEEE Communications Magazine. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Press. - 0163-6804 .- 1558-1896. ; 55:6, s. 182-189
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent significant advances in self-interference cancellation techniques pave the way for the deployment of full-duplex wireless transceivers capable of concurrent transmission and reception on the same channel. Despite the promise to theoretically double the spectrum efficiency, full-duplex prototyping in off-the-shelf chips of mobile devices is still in its infancy, mainly because of the challenges in mitigating self-interference to a tolerable level and the strict hardware constraints. In this article, we argue in favor of embedding full-duplex radios in onboard units of future vehicles. Unlike the majority of mobile devices, vehicular onboard units are good candidates to host complex FD transceivers because of their virtually unlimited power supply and processing capacity. Taking into account the effect of imperfect SI cancellation, we investigate the design implications of full-duplex devices at the higher-layer protocols of next-generation vehicular networks and highlight the benefits they could bring with respect to half-duplex devices in some representative use cases. Early results are also provided that give insight into the impact of self-interference cancellation on vehicle-to-roadside communications, and showcase the benefits of FD-enhanced medium access control protocols for vehicle-to-vehicle communications supporting crucial road safety applications.
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