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Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Vollhardt A.) srt2:(2020)"

Sökning: WFRF:(Vollhardt A.) > (2020)

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1.
  • Albrecht, Matthias, et al. (författare)
  • The effectiveness of flower strips and hedgerows on pest control, pollination services and crop yield : a quantitative synthesis
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Ecology Letters. - : Wiley. - 1461-023X .- 1461-0248. ; 23:10, s. 1488-1498
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Floral plantings are promoted to foster ecological intensification of agriculture through provisioning of ecosystem services. However, a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of different floral plantings, their characteristics and consequences for crop yield is lacking. Here we quantified the impacts of flower strips and hedgerows on pest control (18 studies) and pollination services (17 studies) in adjacent crops in North America, Europe and New Zealand. Flower strips, but not hedgerows, enhanced pest control services in adjacent fields by 16% on average. However, effects on crop pollination and yield were more variable. Our synthesis identifies several important drivers of variability in effectiveness of plantings: pollination services declined exponentially with distance from plantings, and perennial and older flower strips with higher flowering plant diversity enhanced pollination more effectively. These findings provide promising pathways to optimise floral plantings to more effectively contribute to ecosystem service delivery and ecological intensification of agriculture in the future.
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2.
  • Appelt, W. H., et al. (författare)
  • Lattice dynamics of palladium in the presence of electronic correlations
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Physical Review B. - : AMER PHYSICAL SOC. - 2469-9950 .- 2469-9969. ; 101:7
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We compute the phonon dispersion, density of states, and the Gruneisen parameters of bulk palladium in the combined density functional theory (DFT) and dynamical mean-field theory. We find good agreement with experimental results for ground-state properties (equilibrium lattice parameter and bulk modulus) and the experimentally measured phonon spectra. We demonstrate that at temperatures T less than or similar to( )20 K the phonon frequency in the vicinity of the Kohn anomaly, omega(T1)(q(K)), strongly decreases. This is in contrast to DFT where this frequency remains essentially constant in the whole temperature range. Apparently, correlation effects reduce the restoring force of the ionic displacements at low temperatures, leading to a mode softening.
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3.
  • Oestlin, A., et al. (författare)
  • Ab initio typical medium theory of substitutional disorder
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Physical Review B. - : AMER PHYSICAL SOC. - 2469-9950 .- 2469-9969. ; 101:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • By merging single-site typical medium theory with density-functional theory, we introduce a self-consistent framework for electronic-structure calculations of materials with substitutional disorder which takes into account Anderson localization. The scheme and details of the implementation are presented and applied to the hypothetical alloy LicBe1-c, and the results are compared with those obtained with the coherent potential approximation. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Anderson localization suppresses ferromagnetic order for a very low concentration of (i) carbon impurities substituting oxygen in MgO1-cCc and (ii) manganese impurities substituting magnesium in Mg1-cMncO for the low-spin magnetic configuration.
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