| 1. |
- Aggarwal, MM, et al.
(författare)
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Centrality dependence of charged-neutral particle fluctuations in 158A (GeVPb)-Pb-208+Pb-208 collisions
- 2003
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Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 67:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Results on the study of localized fluctuations in the multiplicity of charged particles and photons produced in 158A GeV/c Pb+Pb collisions are presented for varying centralities. The charged versus neutral particle multiplicity correlations in common phase space regions of varying azimuthal sizes are analyzed by two different methods. Various types of mixed events are constructed to probe fluctuations arising from different sources. The measured results are compared to those from simulations and from mixed events. The comparison indicates the presence of nonstatistical fluctuations in both the charged particle and photon multiplicities in limited azimuthal regions. However, no correlated charged-neutral fluctuations, a possible signature of formation of disoriented chiral condensates, are observed. An upper limit on the production of disoriented chiral condensates is set.
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| 2. |
- Aggarwal, MM, et al.
(författare)
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Event-by-event fluctuations in particle multiplicities and transverse energy produced in 158A GeVPb plus Pb collisions
- 2002
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Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 65:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Event-by-event fluctuations in the multiplicities of charged particles and photons, and the total transverse energy in 158A GeV Pb+Pb collisions are studied for a wide range of centralities. For narrow centrality bins the multiplicity and transverse energy distributions are found to be near perfect Gaussians. The effect of detector acceptance on the multiplicity fluctuations has been studied and demonstrated to follow statistical considerations. The centrality dependence of the charged particle multiplicity fluctuations in the measured data has been found to agree reasonably well with those obtained from a participant model. However, for photons the multiplicity fluctuations have been found to be lower compared to those obtained from a participant model. The multiplicity and transverse energy fluctuations have also been compared to those obtained from the VENUS event generator.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Aggarwal, MM, et al.
(författare)
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Transverse mass distributions of neutral pions from Pb-208-induced reactions at 158 center dot A GeV
- 2002
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044. ; 23:2, s. 225-236
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Results on transverse mass spectra of neutral pious measured at central rapidity are presented for impact parameter selected 158-A GeV Pb + Pb-1 and Pb + Nb collisions. The distributions cover the range 0.5 GeV/c(2) less than or equal to MT - Mo less than or equal to 4 GeV/c(2). The change of the spectral shape and the multiplicity with centrality is studied in detail. In going from p+p to semi-peripheral Pb+Pb collisions there is a nuclear enhancement increasing with transverse mass similar to the well known Cronin effect, while for very central collisions this enhancement appears to be weaker than expected.
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| 5. |
- Faraasen, S, et al.
(författare)
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Ligand-specific targeting of microspheres to phagocytes by surface modification with poly(L-lysine)-grafted poly(ethylene glycol) conjugate
- 2003
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Ingår i: Pharmaceutical research. - 0724-8741 .- 1573-904X. ; 20:2, s. 237-246
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate specific receptor- mediated targeting of phagocytes by functional surface coatings of microparticles, shielding from nonspecific phagocytosis and allowing ligand- specific interactions via molecular recognition. Methods. Coatings of the comb polymer poly( L- lysine)- g-poly( ethylene glycol) (PLL- g- PEG) were investigated for potential to inhibit 1) nonspecific spreading of human blood- derived macrophages (MOs) and dendritic cells (DCs) on glass and 2) nonspecific phagocytosis of PLL- g- PEG- coated, carboxylated polystyrene (PS) or biodegradable poly( D, L- lactide- co- glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres. Coating was performed by adsorption of positively charged PLL- g- PEG on negatively charged microparticles or plasma- cleaned glass through electrostatic interaction. The feasibility of ligand-specific interactions was tested with a model ligand, RGD, conjugated to PEG chains of PLL- g- PEG to form PLL- g- PEG- RGD and compared with inactive ligand conjugate, PLL- g- PEG- RDG. Results. Coatings with PLL- g- PEG largely impaired the adherence and spreading of MOs and DCs on glass. The repellent character of PLL- g- PEG coatings drastically reduced phagocytosis of coated PS and PLGA microparticles to 10% in presence of serum. With both MOs and DCs, we observed ligand- specific interactions with PLL- g-PEG- RGD coatings on glass and PS and PLGA microspheres. Ligand specificity was abolished when using inactive ligand conjugate PLL- g- PEG- RDG, whereas repellency of coating was maintained. Conclusions. Coatings of PLL- g- PEG- ligand conjugates provide a novel technology for ligand specific targeting of microspheres to MOs and DCs while reducing nonspecific phagocytosis.
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