| 1. |
- Deeb, H., et al.
(författare)
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Police Officers’ Perceptions of Statement Inconsistency
- 2018
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Ingår i: Criminal justice and behavior. - : SAGE Publications. - 0093-8548 .- 1552-3594. ; 45:5, s. 644-665
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examined police officers’ (N = 71) perceptions of statement inconsistency types (within-statement, between-statement, statement-evidence, and within-group inconsistencies). Approximately half of the officers reported looking for statement inconsistency to detect deception. Officers generally associated contradictions and omissions with deception, and repetitions and reminiscences with truthfulness, but they were most likely to use contradictions. Officers reported using statement-evidence inconsistency more than any other inconsistency type, and they believed it was the easiest type to assess. Younger officers tended to believe that liars attempt to eliminate within-statement inconsistency unless they are strategically presented with incriminating evidence. Moreover, the majority of officers indicated that they have used drawings to assess inconsistencies with suspects’ verbal statements. Finally, suspects’ criminal history, intelligence, and personality were believed to influence statement (in)consistency. These findings are discussed in light of the literature on statement inconsistency, and recommendations regarding the applied use of statement inconsistency types are offered.
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| 2. |
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Detecting deception: Current challenges and cognitive approahes
- 2015
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- 'Deception detection' presents state-of-the-art coverage of the science and practice of evaluating truthfulness and uncovering deceit, featuring contributions from leading international experts in the burgeoning fornesic subfield of deception detection.
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| 3. |
- Izotovas, Aleksandras, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Memory based lie detection: The effects of different memory enhancing techniques on delayed recall.
- 2016
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Ingår i: European Association for Psychology and Law (EAPL). Toulouse, France: 5-8 July.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Research to date has revealed significant differences between truth-tellers and liars in terms of quantity and quality of details provided in statements after a delay; especially when specific interviewing strategies have been used (e.g. strategic use of evidence or unanticipated questions or tasks; Lancaster, Vrij, Hope, & Walker, 2013; McDougall & Bull, 2015). Previous findings suggest that memory-enhancing techniques can aid in detecting deception (e.g. Hernández-Fernaud & Alonso-Quecuty, 1997; Vrij et al., 2010), however, it is not clear yet how they influence statements after a delay. In the current research we explore how memory-enhancing techniques (context reinstatement, sketch, and timeline) during an immediate interview after a target event affects the statements of truth-tellers and liars after a longer retention interval (two-week period). Interviews will be analysed using the Reality Monitoring approach (Johnson & Raye, 1981) and primarily focus on the amount of visual, spatial, temporal, and action details in the statements.
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| 4. |
- Mac Giolla, Erik, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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Discriminating between true and false intentions
- 2015
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Ingår i: Detecting deception. - Chichester : Wiley Blackwell. - 9781118509753 ; , s. 155-174
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Only in recent years have psycho-legal researchers turned to the topic of true and false intent. This chapter summarizes the work conducted within this emerging strand, and we also highlight critical questions and new avenues for research.
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| 5. |
- Nahari, G., et al.
(författare)
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'Language of lies': Urgent issues and prospects in verbal lie detection research
- 2019
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Ingår i: Legal and Criminological Psychology. - : Wiley. - 1355-3259 .- 2044-8333. ; 24:1, s. 1-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since its introduction into the field of deception detection, the verbal channel has become a rapidly growing area of research. The basic assumption is that liars differ from truth tellers in their verbal behaviour, making it possible to classify them by inspecting their verbal accounts. However, as noted in conferences and in private communication between researchers, the field of verbal lie detection faces several challenges that merit focused attention. The first author therefore proposed a workshop with the mission of promoting solutions for urgent issues in the field. Nine researchers and three practitioners with experience in credibility assessments gathered for 3 days of discussion at Bar-Ilan University (Israel) in the first international verbal lie detection workshop. The primary session of the workshop took place the morning of the first day. In this session, each of the participants had up to 10 min to deliver a brief message, using just one slide. Researchers were asked to answer the question: 'In your view, what is the most urgent, unsolved question/issue in verbal lie detection?' Similarly, practitioners were asked: 'As a practitioner, what question/issue do you wish verbal lie detection research would address?' The issues raised served as the basis for the discussions that were held throughout the workshop. The current paper first presents the urgent, unsolved issues raised by the workshop group members in the main session, followed by a message to researchers in the field, designed to deliver the insights, decisions, and conclusions resulting from the discussions.
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| 6. |
- Shaw, D J, et al.
(författare)
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Mimicry and investigative interviewing: Using deliberate mimicry to elicit information and cues to deceit
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling. - : Wiley. - 1544-4759. ; 12:3, s. 217-230
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examined the effect of deliberate mimicry on eliciting (accurate) information and cues to deceit. Mimicry is considered to facilitate cooperation and compliance in truth tellers, whereas liars are constrained to provide detail. We therefore expected truth tellers to be more detailed than liars, particularly after being mimicked. A total of 165 participants told the truth or lied about a meeting they attended. During the interview, an interviewer mimicked half of the participants. Truth tellers were more detailed than liars, but only in the ‘mimicry present’ condition. Truth tellers also gave more accurate units of information than liars, and the difference was most pronounced in the ‘mimicry present’ condition. Mimicry as a tool for eliciting information and cues to deceit fits well with the emerging ‘interviewing to detect deception’ literature, particularly in the ‘encouraging interviewees to say more’ approach.
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| 7. |
- Sooniste, Tuule, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Statements about true and false intentions: Using the Cognitive Interview to magnify the differences
- 2015
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0036-5564. ; 56:4, s. 371-378
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates the combined effect of the Cognitive Interview (CI) and the unanticipated questions approach on the magnitude of the elicited cues to true and false intentions. The participants (N=125) planned for either a mock crime or a non-criminal event, half of them were interviewed with a standard interview (SI) and half with the CI. All participants were asked one set of questions targeting their intentions (anticipated questions) and one set of questions targeting the phase in which they planned their stated intentions (unanticipated questions). As predicted, the questions about the planning phase were perceived as unanticipated by both liars and truth-tellers. Furthermore, and as predicted, the truth-tellers' (vs. the liars') answers to the unanticipated questions were significantly more detailed. Importantly, and in line with our predictions, for the answers given to questions about the planning-phase, liars and truth-tellers differed more clearly in the CI-condition than in the SI-condition, indicating that the CI indeed magnified the differences between liars and truth-tellers. In addition, and as predicted, the truth-tellers' (vs. the liars') descriptions of their intentions were more characterized by information related to how to attain the stated goal.
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