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- Grundstrom, J, et al.
(författare)
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Development of a mouse model for chronic cat allergen-induced asthma
- 2014
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Ingår i: International archives of allergy and immunology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1423-0097 .- 1018-2438. ; 165:3, s. 195-205
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- <b><i>Background:</i></b> Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease caused by exposure to airborne allergens. In order to develop novel therapies for allergic asthma, models that are relevant to human disease are needed. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Female BALB/c mice were presensitised subcutaneously with alum-adsorbed recombinant cat allergen Fel d 1, followed by intranasal challenges with cat dander extract spiked with recombinant Fel d 1 for 7 weeks. For reference, mice were presensitised and challenged with ovalbumin following the same protocol. Airway hyperresponsiveness, serum antibodies, airway inflammation and cell infiltration, and cytokines in lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage were measured. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Mice presensitised with recombinant Fel d 1 and challenged with cat dander extract or presensitised and challenged with ovalbumin showed airway hyperresponsiveness in response to metacholine. Mice of the cat allergen model showed influx of neutrophils, eosinophils and lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage, combined with increased levels of IL-17a and increased IL-4 mRNA expression in lung tissue. In contrast, mice sensitised and challenged with ovalbumin showed a predominant influx of eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage and had an increased expression of IL-5 in lung tissue. Both protocols induced features of lung tissue remodelling and allergen-specific antibody responses. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The presented mouse model for cat allergen-induced asthma exhibits hallmarks of chronic allergic asthma, like airway hyperresponsiveness, a mixed neutrophilic/eosinophilic infiltration in bronchoalveolar lavage, expression of IL-17a and signs of remodelling in lung tissue. The model will provide a relevant platform for the development of novel treatment strategies.
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- Isomaa, B., et al.
(författare)
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A family history of diabetes is associated with reduced physical fitness in the Prevalence, Prediction and Prevention of Diabetes (PPP)-Botnia study
- 2010
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Ingår i: Diabetologia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-0428 .- 0012-186X. ; 53:8, s. 1709-1713
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We studied the impact of a family history of type 2 diabetes on physical fitness, lifestyle factors and diabetes-related metabolic factors. The Prevalence, Prediction and Prevention of Diabetes (PPP)-Botnia study is a population-based study in Western Finland, which includes a random sample of 5,208 individuals aged 18 to 75 years identified through the national Finnish Population Registry. Physical activity, dietary habits and family history of type 2 diabetes were assessed by questionnaires and physical fitness by a validated 2 km walking test. Insulin secretion and action were assessed based upon OGTT measurements of insulin and glucose. A family history of type 2 diabetes was associated with a 2.4-fold risk of diabetes and lower physical fitness (maximal aerobic capacity 29.2 +/- 7.2 vs 32.1 +/- 7.0, p = 0.01) despite having similar reported physical activity to that of individuals with no family history. The same individuals also had reduced insulin secretion adjusted for insulin resistance, i.e. disposition index (p < 0.001) despite having higher BMI (27.4 +/- 4.6 vs 26.0 +/- 4.3 kg/m(2), p < 0.001). Individuals with a family history of type 2 diabetes are characterised by lower physical fitness, which cannot solely be explained by lower physical activity. They also have an impaired capacity of beta cells to compensate for an increase in insulin resistance imposed by an increase in BMI. These defects should be important targets for interventions aiming at preventing type 2 diabetes in individuals with inherited susceptibility to the disease.
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