| 1. |
- Rana, A.K.M. Masud, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of health education in managing self-reported arthritis-related illness among elderly persons in rural Bangladesh
- 2008
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Ingår i: Health Education Research. - Oxford : Oxford University Press. - 0268-1153 .- 1465-3648. ; 23:1, s. 94-105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examines the impact of health education on prevalenceof and expenditure on treatment of self-reported arthritis-relatedillness among elderly persons in rural Bangladesh. An interventionstudy was conducted, including 1135 elderly persons (60 years)from eight randomly selected villages, four each of an interventionand a control area. The analyses include 839 elderly personswho participated in both pre- and post-intervention surveys(intervention area: n = 425, control area: n = 414). Participantsof the intervention area were further categorized as compliant(n = 315) and non-compliant (n = 110) based on adherence tothe intervention instructions. The intervention that lastedfor 15 months comprised home-based physical exercise, dietaryinstructions and other aspects of management. Results show thatalthough there was no significant difference in self-reportedarthritis-related illness between the compliant and non-compliantgroups at baseline, it was significantly lower in the compliantgroup (71%) at post-intervention compared with the non-compliant(81%). Related monthly expenditure on treatment was significantlyreduced in the compliant group (from Taka 104 to Taka 52) butnot in the other two groups. Logistic regressions further showedthat the control group had a higher probability of increasedtreatment-related expenditure compared with the compliant group(OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.4–2.8).
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| 2. |
- Wahlin, Åke, et al.
(författare)
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The International Network on Public Health and Aging (INOPA) : Introducing a Life Course Perspective to the Public Health Agenda
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0169-3816 .- 1573-0719. ; 23:1, s. 97-105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we present an international network of researchers from projects examining the human aging process and its consequences. It is both vital and urgent to include aging and a life course perspective on the public health agenda, particularly in low-income countries. By announcing the network in a publication, we wish not just to position the network but, more importantly, to attract the attention of other potential collaborators either at the project, institutional, decision making, or applied level.
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| 6. |
- Sundström, Gunnel, et al.
(författare)
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Bone marrow hyaluronan distribution in patients with acute myeloid leukemia.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Medical Oncology. - 1357-0560 .- 1559-131X. ; 22:1, s. 71-78
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study investigated potential age-related changes in human muscle spindles with respect to the intrafusal fiber-type content and myosin heavy chain (MyHC) composition in biceps brachii muscle. The total number of intrafusal fibers per spindle decreased significantly with aging, due to a significant reduction in the number of nuclear chain fibers. Nuclear chain fibers in old spindles were short and some showed novel expression of MyHC α-cardiac. The expression of MyHC α-cardiac in bag1 and bag2 fibers was greatly decreased in the A region. The expression of slow MyHC was increased in nuclear bag1 fibers and that of fetal MyHC decreased in bag2 fibers whereas the patterns of distribution of the remaing MyHC isoforms were generelly not affected by aging. We conclude that aging appears to have an important impact on muscle spindle composition. These changes in muscle spindle phenotype may reflect an age-related deterioration in sensory and motor innervation and are likely to have an impact in motor control in the elderly.
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| 8. |
- Wahlin, Karl, et al.
(författare)
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Estimating artificial level shifts in the presence of smooth trends
- 2008
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Ingår i: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. - 0167-6369.
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Changes in observational data over time can be severely distorted by errors in measurements, sampling, or reporting. Here, we show how smooth trends in vector time series can be separated from one or two abrupt level shifts that occur simultaneously in all coordinates. Trends are modelled nonparametrically, whereas abrupt changes and the impact of covariates are modelled parametrically. The model is estimated using a backfitting algorithm in which estimation of smooth trends is alternated with estimation of regression coefficients for covariates and assessment of sudden level shifts. The proposed method is adaptive in the sense that the degree of smoothing over time and across coordinates is controlled by a roughness penalty and cross-validation procedure that automatically identifies the interdependence of the analysed data. Furthermore, it uses a resampling technique that can accommodate correlated error terms in the assessment of the uncertainty of both smooth trends and discontinuities. The method is applied to water quality data from Swedish national monitoring programmes to illustrate how known discontinuities can be quantified and how previously unrecognized discontinuities can be detected.
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