| 1. |
- Holmgren, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Inter-examiner reliability of four static palpation tests used for assessing pelvic dysfunction
- 2008
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Ingår i: Manual Therapy. - : Elsevier. - 1356-689X .- 1532-2769. ; 13:1, s. 50-56
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In muscle energy technique (MET), palpation is an important tool aimed at detecting asymmetry and selecting interventions. The aim of this study was to test the inter-examiner reliability of static palpation of the transverse processes of L5 (L5), sacral sulci (SS), inferior lateral angles of the sacrum (ILA), and the medial malleoli (MM) in a clinical setting. Twenty-five participants, aged 18–78 years, with low back pain and/or sacroiliac pain with or without radiating pain to the knee, were independently examined by two experienced physiotherapists. For L5, SS, ILA, the proportion of observed agreement was 40–44% and the κ coefficient 0.11 (SE=0.12) to 0.17 (SE=0.10). For MM, the observed agreement was 52% and the κ coefficient 0.28 (SE=0.15). Differences in palpation technique seem to be the most likely source of the low inter-examiner reliability in this study. For clinical practise, continued use of these tests as methods for detecting asymmetry and selecting interventions is of doubtful utility.
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| 2. |
- Svensson, Elisabeth, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Grip strength in children : test-retest reliability using Grippit
- 2008
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 97:9, s. 1226-1231
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To examine the reliability of peak and sustained grip strength in children using the Grippit. We compared the reliability of one trial, the best and mean of three trials and the reliability within 6-, 10- and 14-year-old groups. DESIGN: Test-retest study. METHODS: Grip strength with the Grippit instrument was evaluated at two test occasions in 58 children. Intraclass correlation coefficient 2.1 (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM) also expressed as a percentage value (SEM%), coefficient of repeatability and coefficient of variation were calculated. RESULTS: The test-retest reliability was good for both peak and sustained grip strength. The mean and best of three trials were equally reliable. Peak grip strength best of three trials, for example, was more reliable for the 6-year-olds (ICC 0.96, SEM% 6.3) and 14-year-olds (ICC 0.96, SEM% 5.2) compared to the 10-year-olds (ICC 0.78, SEM% 12.5). For peak grip strength in the whole sample, there was a systematic bias with better performance at the second measurement. CONCLUSION: Grip strength assessment in children with Grippit results in good relative and absolute reliability for peak and sustained grip strength. We recommend that three test trials are used. The mean of and the best of three trials are comparable.
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