| 1. |
- Borgstrom, M., et al.
(författare)
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Electron donor-acceptor dyads and triads based on tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) and benzoquinone : Synthesis, characterization, and photoinduced electron transfer reactions
- 2003
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Ingår i: Inorganic Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0020-1669 .- 1520-510X. ; 42:17, s. 5173-5184
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two electron donor-acceptor triads based on a benzoquinone acceptor linked to a light absorbing [Ru(bpy)(3)](2+) complex have been synthesized. In triad 6 (denoted Ru-II-BQ-Co-III), a [Co(bpy)(3)](3+) complex, a potential secondary acceptor, was linked to the quinone. In the other triad, 8 (denoted PTZ-Ru-II-BQ), a phenothiazine donor was linked to the ruthenium moiety. The corresponding dyads Ru-II-BQ (4) and PTZ-Ru-II (9) were prepared for comparison. Upon light excitation in the visible band of the ruthenium moiety, electron transfer to the quinone occurred with a rate constant k(1) = 5 x 10(9) s(-1) (tau(1) = 200 ps) in all the quinone containing complexes. Recombination to the ground state followed, with a rate constant k(b) similar to 4.5 x 10(8) s(-1) (tau(b) similar to 2.2 ns), for both Ru-II-BQ and Ru-II-BQ-Co-III with no indication of a charge shift to generate the reduced Coll moiety. In the PTZ-Ru-II-BQ triad, however, the initial charge separation was followed by a rapid (k > 5 x 10(9) s(-1)) electron transfer from the phenothiazine moiety to give the fairly long-lived PTZ(.+)-Ru-II-BQ(.-) state (tau = 80 ns) in unusually high yield for a [Ru(bPY)(3)](2+)- based triad (> 90%), that lies at DeltaGdegrees = 1.32 eV relative to the ground state. Unfortunately, this triad turned out to be rather photolabile. Interestingly, coupling between the oxidized PTZ(.+) and the BQ(.-) moieties seemed to occur. This discouraged further extension to incorporate more redox active units. Finally, in the dyad PTZ-Ru-II a reversible, near isoergonic electron transfer was observed on excitation. Thus, a quasiequilibrium was established with an observed time constant of 7 ns, with ca. 82% of the population in the PTZ-Ru-*(II) state and 18% in the PTZ(.+)Ru(II)(bpy(.-)) state. These states decayed in parallel with an observed lifetime of 90 ns. The initial electron transfer to form the PTZ(.+)-Ru-II(bpy(.-)) state was thus faster than what would have been inferred from the Ru-*(II) emission decay (tau = 90 ns). This result suggests that reports for related PTZ-Ru-II and PTZ-Ru-II-acceptor complexes in the literature might need to be reconsidered.
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| 2. |
- Gharizadeh, B., et al.
(författare)
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Multiple-primer DNA sequencing method
- 2003
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Ingår i: Electrophoresis. - : Wiley. - 0173-0835 .- 1522-2683. ; 24:08-jul, s. 1145-1151
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A multiple-primer DNA sequencing approach suitable for genotyping, detection and identification of microorganisms and viruses has been developed. In this new method two or m ore sequencing primers, combined in a pool, are added to a DNA sample of interest. The oligonucleotide that hybridizes to the DNA sample will function as a primer during the subsequent DNA sequencing procedure. This strategy is suited for selective detection and genotyping of relevant microorganisms and samples harboring different DNA targets such as,multiple variant/infected samples as well as unspecific amplification products. This method is used here in a model system for detection and typing of high-risk oncogenic human papilloma viruses (HPVs) in samples containing multiple infections/variants or unspecific amplification products. Type-specific sequencing primers were designed for four of the most oncogenic (high-risk) HPV types (HPV-16, HPV-18, HPV-33, and HPV-45). The primers were combined and added to a sample containing a mixture of one high-risk (16, 18, 33, or 45) and one or two low-risk types. The DNA samples were sequenced by the Pyrosequencing(TM) technology and the Sanger dideoxy sequencing method. Correct genotyping was achieved in all tested combinations. This multiple-sequencing primer approach also improved the sequence data quality for samples containing unspecific amplification products. The new strategy is highly suitable for diagnostic typing of relevant species/genotypes of microorganisms.
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| 3. |
- Sverrisdóttir, Y B, et al.
(författare)
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Is the somatotropic axis related to sympathetic nerve activity in healthy ageing men?
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of hypertension. - 0263-6352. ; 19:11, s. 2019-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The mechanisms underlying the age-related increase in blood pressure and sympathetic nerve activity remain largely unknown. The decline in growth hormone (GH) secretion and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) with age has been related to several cardiovascular risk factors. Low serum IGF-I levels in severe adult GH deficiency is associated with markedly increased sympathetic nerve activity. This study evaluates whether a relationship between serum IGF-I and sympathetic nerve traffic exists in healthy aging men.Sympathetic nerve activity to the muscle vascular bed (MSA) was recorded in 56 healthy normotensive males, and related to age (range 21-71 years), body mass index (BMI, range 18.4-32.2), serum IGF-I and plasma nitrate levels. Blood pressure, BMI and MSA increased with age, whereas IGF-I and plasma nitrate decreased. In a forward stepwise multiple regression analysis, age explained 40% of the variability in MSA and excluded other variables. Omitting age, IGF-I became the strongest independent predictor, explaining 23% of the variability in MSA. MSA was an independent predictor of diastolic blood pressure, but its influence (10%) was less than that of BMI (28%). BMI was not related to MSA or IGF-I.Decreased serum IGF-I levels are coupled to increased MSA during ageing, an effect independent from the impact of increased body weight. Although MSA is a weak predictor of rising blood pressure with age, it constitutes one possible pathway for the somatotropic axis to affect cardiovascular function in ageing.
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| 7. |
- Löfgren, N., et al.
(författare)
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Remote sessions and frequency analysis for improved insight into cerebral function during pediatric and neonatal intensive care.
- 2003
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Ingår i: IEEE transactions on information technology in biomedicine. - 1089-7771 .- 1558-0032. ; 7:4, s. 283-90
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A project involving recording and analysing EEG together with cardiovascular signals and temperature has been initiated. The aim of this project is to establish difficulties and possibilities involved with implementing a system for remote sessions and analysing EEG in correlation with other physiological signals. One objective is to find indicators of cerebral function during postasphyxia neonatal intensive care and pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass surgery with hypothermia. Remote sessions for joint interpretation have been carried out between pediatricians and clinical neurophysiologists, and EEG has been analyzed using frequency analyzing tools. One result is the discovery of reversible spectral changes coinciding with blood pressure falls, which may indicate loss of autoregulation function. This finding is one outcome from initial use of a system, developed during the project to facilitate communication about, and analysis of the recorded signals. Thus, already from a limited number of remote sessions and the use of basic signal processing techniques, important results have been achieved and better insight has been gained of how cerebral function is affected by cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. In this paper, we present our experiences from introducing a system for remote consultations, and evaluate the use for such a system in the current applications.
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| 8. |
- Norrsell, Ulf, 1937, et al.
(författare)
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Tactile directional sensibility and diabetic neuropathy.
- 2001
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Ingår i: Muscle & nerve. - 0148-639X. ; 24:11, s. 1496-502
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Five different procedures used to diagnose neuropathy were compared in a "blind" study with diabetic patients. The aim was to evaluate tests of tactile directional sensibility. Three matched groups were examined, two groups with type I diabetes, either with or without suspected neuropathy, and one of healthy controls. Testing consisted of: (1) examination by a specialist in neurology, (2) electrophysiologic measurement of nerve conduction velocity and determination of cool sensitivity, and (3) determination of directional sensibility in two stages, with categorical and quantitative techniques. Abnormal test results were obtained for both groups of diabetic patients. Quantitatively measured directional sensibility had the highest sensitivity (89%) and specificity (85%) when calculated for patients who had received a diagnosis of neuropathy from the neurologist, despite one case of abnormal directional sensibility among the healthy controls. Conduction velocity testing was almost comparably sensitive (80%) and cool sensitivity, comparably specific (85%) when calculated in the same manner.
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| 9. |
- Wallin, A, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of inhaled fluticasone with and without salmeterol on airway inflammation in asthma
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1097-6825 .- 0091-6749. ; 112:1, s. 72-78
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The clinical benefit of combining long-acting beta(2)-agonists with inhaled corticosteroids rather than doubling the dose of corticosteroid has been well-documented. However, there are concerns that this might result in a masking of underlying airway inflammation. Objective: The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the addition of the long-acting beta(2)-agonist salmeterol (SALM) to a low dose of the inhaled corticosteroid fluticasone propionate (FP) has a steroid-sparing effect and does not result in a worsening of bronchial inflammation compared to doubling the dose of inhaled corticosteroid. Methods: Fifty-six asthmatic subjects, previously not well-controlled on inhaled corticosteroids, were randomized to receive 3 months of treatment with inhaled FP 500 mug twice a day (FP 1000) or FP 200 mug twice a day plus SALM 50 mug twice a day (FP 400 + SALM). Fluticasone propionate 200 mug twice a day served as the control (FP400). Bronchial mucosal biopsy specimens, bronchial washings (BW), and bronchoalveolar lavage were obtained before and after treatment. The primary end points for the study were submucosal mast cell and eosinophil counts. Results: There was a significant improvement in FEV1 in the FP400 + SALM group compared to both the FP400 and FP1000 groups. This was accompanied by a significant improvement in peak expiratory flow in the FP400 + SALM group in both the morning and evening compared to the FP1000 group. There were no significant between treatment differences in the change in the number of submucosal mast cells or eosinophils. However, in the FP400 + SALM group there was a significant decrease in submucosal mast cells after 12 weeks of treatment. The addition of SALM to FP was not associated with any increases in airway inflammation in the biopsy specimens, bronchoalveolar lavage, or bronchial washings. Conclusion: These findings confirm that addition of SALM to FP has clinical benefits but does not mask or exacerbate airway inflammation and suggest that long-acting beta(2)-adrenoceptor agonists might influence mast cell numbers.
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