| 1. |
- Feng, Shaohong, et al.
(författare)
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Dense sampling of bird diversity increases power of comparative genomics
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 587:7833
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Whole-genome sequencing projects are increasingly populating the tree of life and characterizing biodiversity(1-4). Sparse taxon sampling has previously been proposed to confound phylogenetic inference(5), and captures only a fraction of the genomic diversity. Here we report a substantial step towards the dense representation of avian phylogenetic and molecular diversity, by analysing 363 genomes from 92.4% of bird families-including 267 newly sequenced genomes produced for phase II of the Bird 10,000 Genomes (B10K) Project. We use this comparative genome dataset in combination with a pipeline that leverages a reference-free whole-genome alignment to identify orthologous regions in greater numbers than has previously been possible and to recognize genomic novelties in particular bird lineages. The densely sampled alignment provides a single-base-pair map of selection, has more than doubled the fraction of bases that are confidently predicted to be under conservation and reveals extensive patterns of weak selection in predominantly non-coding DNA. Our results demonstrate that increasing the diversity of genomes used in comparative studies can reveal more shared and lineage-specific variation, and improve the investigation of genomic characteristics. We anticipate that this genomic resource will offer new perspectives on evolutionary processes in cross-species comparative analyses and assist in efforts to conserve species. A dataset of the genomes of 363 species from the Bird 10,000 Genomes Project shows increased power to detect shared and lineage-specific variation, demonstrating the importance of phylogenetically diverse taxon sampling in whole-genome sequencing.
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| 2. |
- Lu, Shen-ning, et al.
(författare)
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Application of an innovative grid-based surveillance strategy to ensure elimination and prevent reintroduction of malaria in high-risk border communities in China
- 2022
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Nature. - 1471-2458. ; 22:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Grid management is a grassroots governance strategy widely implemented in China since 2004 to improve the government's efficiency to actively find and solve problems among populated regions. A grid-based strategy surveillancing high-risk groups, including mobile and migrant populations (MMPs), in the China-Myanmar border region has played an indispensable role in promoting and consolidating the malaria elimination efforts by tracking and timely identification of potential importation or re-establishment of malaria among MMPs. A sequential mixed methods was implementated to explore the operational mechanism and best practices of the grid-based strategy including through the focus group discussions (FGDs), comparison of before and after the implementation of a grid-based strategy in the field sites, and data collection from the local health system.This paper distills the implementation mechanism and highlights the role of the grid-based strategy in the elimination and prevention of re-establishment of malaria transmission.
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| 3. |
- Chen, Xin, et al.
(författare)
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Giant spin-splitting and tunable spin-momentum locked transport in room temperature collinear antiferromagnetic semimetallic CrO monolayer
- 2023
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Ingår i: Applied Physics Letters. - : AIP Publishing. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 123:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work, we present theoretical predictions of a two-dimensional collinear antiferromagnetic semimetal, CrO, which exhibits a giant spin-split band structure, spin-momentum locked transport properties, and a high Neel temperature. Specifically, CrO features two pairs of spin-polarized anisotropic Weyl points at the Fermi level. By manipulating the position of these Weyl points with strain, we demonstrate that four different antiferromagnetic spintronic states with zero net magnetic moments can be achieved, including semimetals with two spin-polarized transport channels, half-semimetals, semiconductors with two spin-polarized transport channels, and half-semiconductors. The strain-induced semiconducting state also preserves the ultra-high carrier mobility of Weyl points, and the bandgap can be easily tuned. These findings offer a good avenue in spintronics without net magnetic moment or strong spin-orbit coupling and could lead to the development of antiferromagnetic materials for spintronic applications.
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| 4. |
- Chen, Xin, et al.
(författare)
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Two-Dimensional Square-A(2)B (A = Cu, Ag, Au, and B = S, Se) : Auxetic Semiconductors with High Carrier Mobilities and Unusually Low Lattice Thermal Conductivities
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 1948-7185 .- 1948-7185. ; 11:8, s. 2925-2933
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using evolutionary structure search combined with ab initio theory, we investigate the electronic, thermal, and mechanical properties of two-dimensional (2D) A(2)B (A = Cu, Ag, Au, and B = S, Se) auxetic semiconductors. Two types of structures are found to have low energy, namely, s(I/II)-A(2)B, which have direct bandgaps in the range 1.09-2.60 eV and high electron mobilities. Among these semiconductors, Cu2B and Ag2B have light holes with 2 orders of magnitude larger mobility than the heavy holes, up to 9.51 X 10(4)cm(2) v(-1) s(-1) , giving the possibility of achieving highly anisotropic hole transport with the application of a uniaxial strain. Due to the ionic bonding nature, s-A(2)B structures have unusually low lattice thermal conductivities down to 1.5 W m(-1) K-1 at 300 K, which are quite promising for new generation thermoelectric devices. Besides, s-A(2)B structures show extraordinary flexibility with ultralow Young's moduli (down to 20 N/m), which are lower than most previously reported 2D materials. Moreover, under strain along the diagonal direction, five of the structures have in-plane negative Poisson's ratios.
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| 7. |
- Duo, Y, et al.
(författare)
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Noncancerous disease-targeting AIEgens
- 2023
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Ingår i: Chemical Society reviews. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1460-4744 .- 0306-0012. ; 52:3, s. 1024-1067
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Schematic diagram of noncancerous disease-targeting AIEgens.
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| 10. |
- Ershadrad, Soheil, et al.
(författare)
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Unusual Magnetic Features in Two-Dimensional Fe5GeTe2 Induced by Structural Reconstructions
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1948-7185 .- 1948-7185. ; 13:22, s. 4877-4883
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent experiments on Fe5GeTe2 suggested the presence of a symmetry breaking of its conventional crystal structure. Here, using density functional theory calculations, we elucidate that the stabilization of the (root 3 X root 3)R30 degrees supercell structure is caused by the swapping of Fe atoms occurring in the monolayer limit. The swapping to the vicinity of Te atoms is facilitated by the spontaneous occurrence of Fe vacancy and its low diffusion barrier. Our calculated magnetic exchange parameters show the simultaneous presence of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic exchange among a particular type of Fe atom. The Fe sublattice projected magnetization obtained from Monte Carlo simulations dearly demonstrates an exotic temperature-dependent behavior of this Fe type along with a large canting angle at T = 0 K, indicating the presence of a complex noncollinear magnetic order. We propose that the low-temperature crystal structure results from the swapping between two sublattices of Fe, giving rise to peculiar magnetization obtained in experiments.
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