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| 2. |
- Patel, A., et al.
(författare)
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Strain-path controlled microstructure, texture and hardness evolution in cryo-deformed AlCoCrFeNi2.1 eutectic high entropy alloy
- 2018
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Ingår i: Intermetallics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0966-9795. ; 97, s. 12-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of strain path on microstructure, texture and hardness properties of AlCoCrFeNi 2.1 eutectic high entropy alloy containing ordered FCC (L1 2 ) and ordered BCC (B2) was investigated. The EHEA was cryo-rolled using UCR, MSCR (during which the samples were rotated by 90° around the ND between each pass) and TSCR(45°) (in which the samples were deformed by unidirectional rolling to half of the total strain and then diagonally rolled for rest half of the strain). The UCR processed material showed a rather heterogeneous microstructure. The textures of the L1 2 /FCC and B2 phases in the MSCR processed material agreed with the cross-rolling texture of the corresponding single phase materials, while the texture of the two phases in the TSCR(45°) processed materials appeared rather weak. Upon annealing at 800 °C, the UCR processed materials showed a novel heterogeneous microstructure, while the MSCR and TSCR(45°) processed materials revealed microduplex structure. The heterogeneous microstructure was replaced by the usual microduplex structure at higher annealing temperatures. The annealing texture of the L1 2 /FCC phase showed the presence of α-fiber (ND// < 011 > ) components while the B2 phase showed strong ND-fiber (ND// < 111 > ) components. The UCR processed material with novel heterogeneous microstructure showed much greater hardness as compared to the MSCR and TSCR(45°) processed materials. The present results indicate that strain path exerted significant influence in controlling microstructure, texture and hardness properties of EHEA.
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| 3. |
- Turner, S, et al.
(författare)
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Variants in genes coding for glutathione S-transferases and asthma outcomes in children
- 2018
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Ingår i: Pharmacogenomics. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1744-8042 .- 1462-2416. ; 19:8, s. 707-713
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Our hypothesis was that children with mutations in genes coding for glutathione S-transferases (GST) have worse asthma outcomes compared with children with active type genotype. Data were collected in five populations. The rs1695 single nucleotide polymorphism (GSTP1) was determined in all cohorts (3692 children) and GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotype were determined in three cohorts (2362 children). GSTT1 null (but not other genotypes) was associated with a minor increased risk for asthma attack and there were no significant associations between GST genotypes and asthma severity. Interactions between GST genotypes and SHS exposure or asthma severity with the study outcomes were nonsignificant. We find no convincing evidence that the GST genotypes studied are related to asthma outcomes.
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| 4. |
- Wani, I. S., et al.
(författare)
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Effect of severe cold-rolling and annealing on microstructure and mechanical properties of AlCoCrFeNi 2.1 eutectic high entropy alloy
- 2017
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Ingår i: IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. - 1757-8981 .- 1757-899X. ; 194:1
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The possibility of microstructural refinement and improvement of mechanical properties by severe cold-rolling was investigated in an AlCoCrFeNi2.1 lamellar eutectic high entropy alloy (EHEA). The as-cast alloy revealed fine scale eutectic mixture of L12 (ordered FCC) and B2 (ordered BCC) phases. During severe cold-rolling up to 90% reduction in thickness the B2 phase maintained the ordered structure, while the L12 phase showed the evolution of a nanocrystalline structure and progressive disordering. Annealing of the severely cold-rolled material resulted in the formation of duplex microstructures composed of two different phases with equiaxed morphologies and significant resistance to grain growth up to 1200°C. Annealing at 1000°C resulted in an optimum strength-ductility balance with the tensile strength of 1175 MPa and the total elongation of 23%. The present results showed that severe cold-rolling and annealing can impart very attractive mechanical properties in complex EHEAs.
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| 5. |
- Wani, I. S., et al.
(författare)
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Ultrafine-Grained AlCoCrFeNi2.1 Eutectic High-Entropy Alloy
- 2016
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Ingår i: Materials Research Letters. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2166-3831. ; 4:3, s. 174-179
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of microstructure and mechanical properties was investigated in a heavily cold-rolled and annealed AlCoCrFeNi2.1 high-entropy alloy. The as-cast alloy having a eutectic morphology consisting of alternate bands of ordered L1(2) and B2 phases was 90% cold-rolled. The deformed microstructure showed profuse shear banding and disordering of the L12, but no transformation of the B2 phase. A duplex microstructure consisting of ultrafine equiaxed grains (similar to 0.60 mu m) of disordered face centered cubic and B2 was observed after annealing at 800 degrees C. The annealed material showed remarkable strength-ductility combination having ultimate tensile strength similar to 1.2 GPa and elongation to failure similar to 12%.
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| 6. |
- Bhattacharjee, T., et al.
(författare)
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Effect of low temperature on tensile properties of AlCoCrFeNi2.1 eutectic high entropy alloy
- 2018
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Ingår i: Materials Chemistry and Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0254-0584. ; 210, s. 207-212
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of low temperature on tensile properties of a AlCoCrFeNi 2.1 eutectic high entropy alloy (EHEA) was investigated in the present work. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that the initial as-cast microstructure consisted of B2 (ordered body centered cubic structure) and L1 2 (ordered face centered cubic structure) phases. Upon tensile testing at temperatures ranging from room temperature (RT) to −196 °C (77 K), the L1 2 phase became disordered, changing to a simple FCC (face centered cubic) crystal structure whereas the B2 phase maintained an ordered structure. An increase over 300 MPa was observed in the ultimate tensile strength (σ UTS ) of the −196 °C tensile tested sample compared to the room temperature tensile tested sample, while keeping almost similar amount of total elongation. TEM results indicated an increase in the dislocation activity in the FCC phase as well as B2 phase in the −196 °C tensile tested sample compared to the sample deformed at room temperature.
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| 7. |
- Bhattacharjee, T., et al.
(författare)
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Simultaneous Strength-Ductility Enhancement of a Nano-Lamellar AlCoCrFeNi2.1 Eutectic High Entropy Alloy by Cryo-Rolling and Annealing
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322 .- 2045-2322. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nano-lamellar (L1 2 + B2) AlCoCrFeNi 2.1 eutectic high entropy alloy (EHEA) was processed by cryo-rolling and annealing. The EHEA developed a novel hierarchical microstructure featured by fine lamellar regions consisting of FCC lamellae filled with ultrafine FCC grains (average size ∼200-250 nm) and B2 lamellae, and coarse non-lamellar regions consisting of ultrafine FCC (average size ∼200-250 nm), few coarse recrystallized FCC grains and rather coarse unrecrystallized B2 phase (∼2.5 μm). This complex and hierarchical microstructure originated from differences in strain-partitioning amongst the constituent phases, affecting the driving force for recrystallization. The hierarchical microstructure of the cryo-rolled and annealed material resulted in simultaneous enhancement in strength (Yield Strength/YS: 1437 ± 26 MPa, Ultimate Tensile Strength/UTS: 1562 ± 33 MPa) and ductility (elongation to failure/e f ∼ 14 ± 1%) as compared to the as-cast as well as cold-rolled and annealed materials. The present study for the first time demonstrated that cryo-deformation and annealing could be a novel microstructural design strategy for overcoming strength-ductility trade off in multiphase high entropy alloys.
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| 8. |
- Calard, Francois, et al.
(författare)
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Designing sterically demanding thiolate coated AuNPs for electrical characterization of BPDT in a NP-molecule-nanoelectrode platform
- 2017
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Ingår i: Molecular Systems Design & Engineering. - : ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY. - 2058-9689. ; 2:2, s. 133-139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Molecular electronics with single or few molecules requires a stable metal-molecule nanojunction platform. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of gold nanoparticles coated with sterically demanding thiol ligands that are essential to fabricate a versatile and stable nanoelectrode-molecule-nanoparticle platform suitable for electrical characterization of small organic molecules. By combining.-tetraphenylmethane ether functionalized alkyl thioacetate and alkyl thiols, we prepared highly stable gold nanoparticles in a one-phase reaction providing simple and efficient purification. This robust preparation gives highly pure nanoparticles in very high yields (up to 90%) with long-time shelf stability. The synthesis in this work has superior reproducibility compared to previous synthesis processes that are currently being used for such molecular electronics platforms. Electron microscopy confirms the formation of uniform and small nanoparticles in the range of 5 to 7 nm. These nanoparticles with different ligand surface coverages were placed in a 20 nm nanoelectrode setup using dielectrophoretic forces. This setup was utilized to characterize the conductivity of the molecular wire 4,4'-biphenyldithiol introduced via ligand placeexchange under ambient conditions.
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| 9. |
- Karlberg, Louise, et al.
(författare)
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Impacts of agricultural water interventions on farm income : An example from the Kothapally watershed, India
- 2015
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Ingår i: Agricultural Systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0308-521X .- 1873-2267. ; 136, s. 30-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Agricultural water interventions (AWI), e.g. in-situ soil and water conservation strategies, irrigation, and damming of rivers to increase groundwater recharge, have been suggested as important strategies to improve yields in tropical agriculture. Although the biophysical implications of AWIs have been well investigated, the coupling between the biophysical changes and the economic implications thereof is less well understood. In this study we translate the results from a hydrological model, SWAT, on crop yields for different cropping systems with and without agricultural water interventions, to hypothetical farm incomes for a watershed, Kothapally, located in Andhra Pradesh, India. It was found that on average, AWI significantly improved farm incomes by enabling the cultivation of a high value crop during the monsoon season (cotton), supplementary irrigated to bridge dry spells and replacing a traditional crop (sorghum), and also by enhancing the capacity to produce dry season, fully irrigated vegetable crops, in this case exemplified by onion. AWI combined with cotton resulted in more than a doubling of farm incomes compared to traditional sorghum-based systems without AWI during normal and wet years (i.e. for 75% of the years). Interestingly, we observed that the difference between the AWI system and the no intervention system was larger during years of high average rainfall compared to dry years. It was also found that access to irrigation was more important for farm income than crop choice and AWI per se, and thus farms with access irrigation benefitted more from AWI compared to farmers lacking access to irrigation. In conclusion, we suggest that in order to assess equity aspects in terms of farm income generation following the implementation of an AWI project, there is a need for income analyses at the farm level, since income estimates at the watershed level may mask important differences in economic benefits between farms.
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