| 1. |
- Christoforidou, Despina, et al.
(författare)
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Monolithic vs. polylithic design cultures? : Designers' accounts of professional practices in Sweden and New Zealand
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Design Research. - 1748-3050. ; 19:1/2/3, s. 7-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This comparative study explores how breaches can be applied to unveil potential blindspots within the social constructs surrounding design practice in Sweden and New Zealand. When in-depth interviews with designers in both countries were analysed, similarities and differences appeared. The underlying norms and values identified suggest that the two countries share a similar value-base in relation to the design profession. Designers from both countries described the niche they occupy in terms of what could be called in-betweenness. There are also subtle differences in how designers relate to their professional roles. While designers in New Zealand identify as bricoleurs, designers in Sweden compare themselves to engineers. Furthermore, Sweden appears to be a somewhat monolithic context compared with New Zealand, which seems more polylithic. The proposed approach enables a deeper understanding of potential blindspots in the design field, and the surrounding social construct. Implementing breaches as a lens can be valuable in questioning established truths, and ultimately instigating change.
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| 2. |
- Fagerholm, Anna-Sara, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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What a Waste – A norm-critical design study on how waste is understood and managed
- 2023
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Ingår i: Resources, Conservation & Recycling Advances. - : Elsevier BV. - 2667-3789. ; 19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article seeks to contribute new insights into inclusive recycling environments through universal design. The aim is to develop knowledge on how waste is understood and managed by exploring the practice and design of a recycling environment. Applying a norm-critical view, this is explored in a study with participants from a municipal housing company and waste management company in northern Sweden. Methods used are go-along interviews together with professionals and observations of a recycling environment. The results are discussed as: 1) the “(un)social norm;” where our results show that the waste system is perceived as a social system, contradicting previous approaches where waste systems are treated as technical environments. 2) the “(un)design factor;” where we identify how design in a recycling context that doesn´t emphasise diversity may affect activities of sorting.
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| 3. |
- Halldórsson, Halldór Björn, 1971-
(författare)
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Tacit : A research journey into the methods, processes and knowledge of graphic designers
- 2022
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Konstnärligt arbete (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- By exploring the potential effects of digitisation on graphic design methods, this thesis aims to highlight some of the tacit knowledge possessed by graphic designers and to show that this knowledge can both be externalised and made communicable. Beginning with an interview study where professional designers’ views were gathered and analysed, the work continued through a participatory study where designers’ knowledge was highlighted in a documented design project. Finally, alternative ways of externalising knowledge were employed in an exhibition, displaying the creative outcomes of this thesis. The work shows that the hitherto largely hidden knowledge of graphic designers can be uncovered and made more communicable, strengthening designers’ professional identity and making the field more accessible to students. Furthermore, using versatile approaches in a design project can encourage conceptual development and even professional enjoyment, as well as increasing historical awareness. The thesis uses an experimental approach to research method design and thus contributes to the development of graphic design research methodology. As such, in addition to expanding our understanding of graphic design knowledge, this work will enable a deeper exploration of methods, identity, and the definition of the profession’s taxonomy.
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| 4. |
- Halldórsson, Halldór, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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How did you do that? The value of externalising knowledge in graphic design
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Design Research. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1748-3050 .- 1569-1551. ; 19:1/2/3, s. 31-45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims to study graphic designers' views on knowledge, considering the challenges faced by the field today. Expressing thoughts about what is needed for a graphic designer to build professional confidence, interview respondents mentioned topics like historical knowledge as well as feedback and presentation skills. To facilitate the navigation of the ever-changing graphic design landscape and to build a solid professional identity, externalising tacit knowledge is a key issue. The study finds that graphic designers mainly talk about their design work when presenting to clients, primarily with the aim of convincing them to accept new proposals. A case can therefore be made for the necessity of developing graphic designers' skills when it comes to explicating design processes with the aim of making it clear to non-designers what it actually is that a graphic designer knows and does, as well as building a stronger theoretical foundation for the profession.
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| 5. |
- Mattsson, Pimkamol, et al.
(författare)
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Aspiration and Actions : the path towards energy efficiency behavior in residential buildings
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- User preferences and behaviors are pointed out as main causes of the gap between predicted and actual energy use in energy-efficient buildings. Particularly, users’ energy-related behaviors affect whether the maximum level of energy efficiency can be achieved. Despite the potentials of the buildings themselves to promote energy efficiency behaviors, users’ behavioral responses to the buildings’ energy-efficient design and solutions can be mediated by individual factors. Given the complex relations between energy-efficient buildings and user behaviors, an integrated perspective of professionals and building users would be desirable.This project aimed to advance understanding of the design-building-user relation taking the perspectives of professionals and users into account with a focus on how energy-efficient design and solutions interact with users and affect actual energy use in the buildings. The project was carried out as interviews with professionals involved in building design and development, a field study in four energy-efficient multifamily building projects, a survey on motivation of energy efficiency behaviors, and a demonstration of behavior change potential for energy saving.The findings showed that energy-efficient design and solutions applied to multifamily buildings were perceived to contribute to the overall quality of buildings but had no significant role in affecting energy-related behaviors reported by the users. However, there were variations in energy used for household electricity and domestic hot water in the energy-efficient multifamily buildings which is in line with the previous studies carried out in 1,000 apartments. The large variations in the energy use were regardless the buildings’ goals for environmental sustainability and have reflected large potentials for energy savings by changing user behaviors towards low energy use. Such energy savings are equivalent to improving the whole building envelope above ground or installing photovoltaics in large scales, thereby pointing out a large potential of behavior change.The users’ energy-related behaviors leading to both increased energy use and energy efficiency were mostly driven by motivational factors relating to comfort, convenience and pleasure. Further, the design of energy-efficient solutions and control devices of energy-related products/features were found to play an important role in affecting whether the buildings perform as expected, taking users’ motivations and behaviors into account. The findings point to the potential of products/features (such as low-flow fixture and temperature control for DHW, thermostat placement, safe and beautiful stairs), and easy-to-understand and easy-to-use control devices to foster energy efficiency behaviors together with individual motivations. To further reduce variations in energy use in energy-efficient multifamily buildings, default settings/options should be considered.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Mattsson, Pimkamol, et al.
(författare)
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Influences of energy-efficient design and technologies on residents’ behaviour : Post-occupancy evaluation of multifamily buildings
- 2022
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- No significant reduction in energy use has been observed in residential and service sector in Sweden during the last two decades, despite the introduction of energy efficient design and technologies. Residents’ preferences and behaviour are pointed out as the main factors affecting whether energy efficiency in residential buildings can be achieved. Moreover, there may be a risk of rebound effects due to the energy-efficient building design and technologies. Thus, a better understanding of how the design and technologies applied to residential buildings are understood and used by the residents would allow for a better design promoting sustainable behaviours. The presented study is parts of a larger research project investigating the relation between energy-efficient buildings and end-users. The study’s aim is to advance knowledge facilitating energy efficiency as well as sustainability of collective residential buildings. Taking the theory of Affordances (Gibson. 1979) as a point of departure, a post-occupancy evaluation (POE) is designed to assess how the residents perceive and interact with the buildings’ energy-efficient solutions, and whether the buildings work as intended. Moreover, Goal-framing theory (Lindenberg & Steg, 2007) will be applied to investigate individual factors influencing the residents’ behaviours. The POE survey will be conducted in selected collective residential buildings in Sweden. The buildings are built to meet energy-efficient requirements and have been used during the last few years. It is expected that the outcomes would facilitate improvement of design and technical guidelines to promote sustainable behaviours in residential buildings.
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