| 1. |
- Ryberg, Anders, 1978, et al.
(författare)
-
Expression of muscarinic receptor subtypes in salivary glands of rats, sheep and man.
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Archives of Oral Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0003-9969 .- 1879-1506. ; 53:1, s. 66-74
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In rat parotid, submandibular and sublingual glands and in ovine parotid and in human labial glands, the expression of muscarinic receptor subtypes was examined by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. Functional correlates were searched for in rat salivary glands. In the rat submandibular and sublingual glandular tissues clear signals of muscarinic M1 and M5 receptors could be detected in the immunoblotting and vague bands for muscarinic M3 and, in particular for, M4 receptors. The rat parotid gland differed. In this gland, the signal was less obvious for the muscarinic M1 receptor, and further, muscarinic M4 receptors appeared more strongly marked than in the submandibular glands. The results from the immunohistochemistry could be interpreted as the muscarinic M4 receptors are located on nerve fibres, since the outer layer of lobuli were densely stained. Intraglandular vessels in the rat submandibular and parotid glands showed expression of M3 receptors. In contrast to the parotid gland, the submandibular vessels also expressed M1 and M2 receptors. Occasionally M5 receptors appeared in the arteries and veins also. The functional studies in the rat confirmed muscarinic M1 receptor mediated secretion in the submandibular gland. Since the M1 receptor blockade did not affect submandibular blood flow, indirect vascular effects could not in total explain the secretory inhibition. Also in the human labial glands, muscarinic M1, M3 and M5 receptors occurred. No or low amounts of muscarinic M2 and M4 receptors could be detected. In patients with Sjögren-like symptoms an up-regulation of M3, M4 and M5 receptors was apparent in the labial glands. In ovine parotid glands all receptors could be detected, but constantly with vague bands for muscarinic M2 receptors. In conclusion, muscarinic M1 receptors seem to be expressed in seromucous/mucous glands. A secretory effect by muscarinic M5 receptors is not to be excluded, since they were expressed in all the glands examined. However, other functions, such as promotion of inflammation, cell growth and proliferation are possible as well.
|
|
| 2. |
- Axéll, Tony, et al.
(författare)
-
Tobaksfritt snus kan ge skador på munslemhinnan
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Tandläkartidningen. - 0039-6982. ; 101:3, s. 56-57
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Tobaksfritt snus kan leda till förändringar i munslemhinnan som är nästan identiska med de skador som orsakas av tobaksinnehållande snus, visar observationer vid specialisttandvårdskliniken i Halmstad.
|
|
| 3. |
- Enell, Anja, et al.
(författare)
-
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ash: Determination of total and leachable concentrations
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Environmental Pollution. - : Elsevier BV. - 0269-7491 .- 1873-6424. ; 152:2, s. 285-292
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Before wood ash can be used as a soil fertilizer, concentrations of environmentally hazardous compounds must be investigated. In this study, total and leachable concentrations of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined in four ash samples and one green liquor sludge. The ash sample with the highest carbon content also contained high levels of PAHs; three of the ash samples had total concentrations exceeding the limit permitted by the Swedish Forest Agency for recycling to forest soils. The leachable concentrations were higher for the nonstabilized samples; this was probably due to colloid-facilitated transport of the contaminants in these samples. However, the leachable concentrations were overall relatively low in all the samples studied. The amounts of PAHs introduced to forest soils by additions of stabilized, recyclable ash products will be determined primarily by the rate of weathering of the ash particles and the total concentration of contaminants.
|
|
| 4. |
- Franklin, Inger, et al.
(författare)
-
Web-Based Tutorial Group Support in Problem-Based Learning
- 2007
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Learning. - 1447-9494 .- 1447-9540. ; 13:9, s. 49-56
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes how dental hygienist students have used and developed a web site during a two year undergraduate programme. The programme is based on a Problem Based Learning concept at the Faculty of Odontology at Malmö University in Sweden. The web site was first used for administration of the courses, but with time different modes of supporting the PBL process were developed. These modes originated from both students and from the course director. In a questionnaire and in interviews, students were asked about how the web site had been used for communication between students and between students and teachers. They were also asked to comment on how their written tutorial reports, posted on the web site after each case, affected the collaboration in the tutorials and also their learning. Finally, we asked if the students thought that their use of the web site and computers in general had changed during the education. The questionnaire and the interviews were completed at the time of graduation. The written notes and reports of the cases enhanced and supported the students’ learning and some students recognized a change in how they used the web site. Most students also declared that their ability to use different computer programmes had improved. The students strongly recommended a continued use of the web site in the dental hygienist education. The communication and feed back between students and teachers were considerably improved, though new ways should be tried in order to stimulate experts to take more active part in the students’ learning process.
|
|
| 5. |
- Gesi, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
-
Incidence of periapical lesions and clinical symptoms after pulpectomy--a clinical and radiographic evaluation of 1- versus 2-session treatment.
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1528-395X .- 1079-2104. ; 101:3, s. 379-88
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Outcome of pulpectomy in 2 treatment sessions with calcium hydroxide as an intracanal dressing was compared to a procedure comprising instrumentation and root-filling in 1 session. STUDY DESIGN: Subjects with a vital pulp condition (N = 256) were recruited to a randomized clinical trial. Outcome parameters included radiographic signs of apical periodontitis and painful symptoms at clinical follow-ups 1 week and 1-3 years after treatment. RESULTS: Of 244 subjects available for final recall, 17 presented with periapical radiolucency. Lesions were evenly distributed among the 2 treatment groups. Postoperative pain recorded 1 week after permanent filling was significantly associated with overfilling (P = .001), with no difference between treatment groups. There was no association with presence of overfilling and radiographic lesion at end point of recall. CONCLUSIONS: Study confirms that pulpectomy may be carried out at a high rate of success if due attention is given to aseptic operating procedures, proper instrumentation and filling. Under these conditions an interappointment dressing with calcium hydroxide does not seem to influence outcome.
|
|
| 6. |
- Hellén-Halme, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
-
Effect of ambient light and monitor brightness and contrast settings on the detection of approximal caries in digital radiographs : an in vitro study
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Dento-Maxillo-Facial Radiology. - : British Institute of Radiology. - 0250-832X .- 1476-542X. ; 37:7, s. 380-384
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate how brightness and contrast settings of the display monitor and ambient light level (illuminance) in the viewing room affect the clinician's ability to diagnose carious lesions in digital radiographs. Methods: Standardized radiographs were taken of 100 extracted teeth. Seven observers evaluated the images for approximal carious lesions twice, once under 50 lux and once under 1000 lux room illumination. Monitor brightness and contrast were varied ±50% and ±6%, respectively, to mimic the normal limits of monitor adjustment by an inexperienced user and one optimal setting. This was done by adjusting radiograph brightness and contrast by ±25%. Thus, five radiographs of each tooth were evaluated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed. Histological examinations of the teeth served as the criterion standard. A paired t-test was used to evaluate whether differences in the areas under the ROC curves were significant and kappa was used to evaluate intraobserver agreement. Results: When a monitor with optimal brightness and contrast settings was used to detect approximal carious lesions, ambient light levels less than 50 lux were significantly better than levels above 1000 lux (dentin and enamel lesions, P < 0.01; dentin lesions, P < 0.02). Increasing the contrast setting of the monitor by 6% did not change these results; 50 lux was still significantly better than 1000 lux (enamel lesions, P < 0.01; dentin and enamel lesions, P < 0.02) for evaluating radiographs. Intraobserver agreement differed from fair to good. Conclusions: Reducing ambient light to less than 50 lux significantly increased the accuracy of diagnosing approximal carious lesions on a monitor with an optimal brightness setting and an optimal or slightly higher than optimal contrast setting.
|
|
| 7. |
- Larsson, Åke, et al.
(författare)
-
Oral Lichenoid Contact Reactions May Occasionally Transform Into Malignancy
- 2005
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Cancer Prevention. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0959-8278 .- 1473-5709. ; 14:6, s. 525-529
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose was to identify cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the tongue, in which a biopsy taken at the site preceding the cancer could be verified to show a lichenoid contact type of reaction (LCR). We retrieved all 724 SCC of the tongue from the Swedish Cancer Registry in the period 1995-2000. These cases were cross-searched with our own oral biopsy data files from 1988 to 1994, in order to identify biopsies with LCR-type lesions preceding the cancer. We found four verified and some additional tentative cases. The study demonstrated that there is a low incidence of malignant transformation in LCR-type oral lesions, not much different from what has been previously reported in oral lichen planus.
|
|
| 8. |
- Nebel, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of ovariectomy and aging on tooth attachment in female mice assessed by morphometric analysis
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 67:1, s. 8-12
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. Non-human primates, dogs, rats, hamsters and ferrets, have frequently been used as laboratory animals in periodontal biology and pathology. In the past, mice have been used less for this purpose, but nowadays attract a lot of interest because gene knockout and transgenic technologies utilize mice primarily. In this study, we investigate the effects of ovariectomy and aging on tooth attachment in female mice. Material and methods. Eight-week-old mice (n=15) were divided into three experimental groups (control, n=5; sham-operated, n=5; ovariectomy, n=5) and ovaries removed bilaterally. Attachment level, assessed by measuring alveolar bone height and apical termination of the junctional epithelium, was determined 6 weeks post-ovariectomy by digital morphometric analysis in sagittal sections of the mandible. The plasma level of the inflammation marker serum amyloid A (SAA) was determined by ELISA. In another series of experiments, tooth attachment was determined in female mice (n=7) at 8–26 weeks of age. Results. Withdrawal of female sex hormone production by ovariectomy had no effect on alveolar bone height and apical termination of the junctional epithelium. The SAA level in plasma was unaffected by removal of the ovaries, suggesting that systemic inflammation is not induced by ovariectomy. Bone height was similar in mice sacrificed at 8–26 weeks of age and apical termination of the junctional epithelium was at the cemento-enamel junction at all ages. Conclusions. Removal of ovarian production of female sex hormones by ovariectomy has no influence on tooth attachment, and further tooth attachment is preserved with age in female mice.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Warfvinge, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
-
Metacognitive Awareness in Problem-Based Learning
- 2006
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Learning. - 1447-9494 .- 1447-9540. ; 13:8, s. 105-110
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This project focuses on students’ proficiency to learn in a problem-based curriculum at the Faculty of Odontology at Malmö University. We have developed a series of metacognitive workshops designed to make students more aware of the structure of a fruitful problem-solving rationale. A play exemplifying a condensed low-achieving tutorial was performed live by students, followed by discussions. In other workshops, the students analyzed tutorial reports with reference to the problem-solving structure and also tried to write new cases from given curricular goals. The students exposed to the exercises displayed a higher metacognitive awareness than students not exposed and they also felt that their tutorial work had improved. In conclusion, to enhance learning, it is desirable to boost students’ metacognitive awareness and it is also possible to do so.
|
|
