| 1. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(författare)
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Measurements of (XcJ)-> K+K-K+K- decays
- 2006
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Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 642:3, s. 197-202
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using 14M psi(2S) events taken with the BESII detector, chi(cJ) -> 2(K+K-) decays are studied. For the four-kaon final state, the branching fractions are B(chi(c0,1,2) ->.2(K+K-)) = (3.48 +/- 0.23 +/- 0.47) x 10(-3), (0.70 +/- 0.13 +/- 0.10) x 10(-3), and (2.17 +/- 0.20 +/- 0.31) x 10(-3). For the phi K+K- final state, the branching fractions, which are measured for the first time, are B(chi(c0,1,2) -> phi K+K-) = (1.03 +/- 0.22 +/- 0.15) x 10(-3), (0.46 +/- 0.16 +/- 0.06) x 10(-3), and (1.67 +/- 0.26 +/- 0.24) x 10(-4). For the phi phi final state, B(chi(c0,2) -> phi phi) = (0.94 +/- 0.21 +/- 0.13) x 10(-3) and (1.70 +/- 0.30 +/- 0.25) x 10(-3).
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| 2. |
- Yuan, Jinliang, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of parameter effects on chemical reaction coupled transport phenomena in SOFC anodes
- 2009
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Ingår i: Heat and Mass Transfer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-1181 .- 0947-7411. ; 45:4, s. 471-484
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mass, heat and momentum transport processes are strongly coupled by internal chemical reforming reactions in planar design solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) anodes. In this paper, a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics approach is applied to simulate and analyze reforming reactions of methane and various transport processes in a duct relevant for SOFC anodes. The results show that the anode duct design and operating parameters, grouped as three characteristic ratios, are significant for the chemical reactions and further for multi-species distribution, fuel gas transport and heat transfer in the sub-domains of the anode.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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LTNE approach and simulation for anode-supported SOFCs
- 2009
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Ingår i: [Host publication title missing]. ; , s. 539-549
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fuel cells are promising for future energy systems, since they are energy efficient and, when hydrogen is used as fuel, there are no emissions of greenhouse gases. Fuel cells have during recent years various improvements, however the technology is still in the early phases of development, this can be noted by the lack of dominant design both for singe fuel cells, stacks and for entire fuel cell systems. In this study a CFD approach (COMSOL Multiphysics) is employed to investigate the effect on temperature distribution from inlet temperature, oxygen surplus, ionic conductivity and current density for an anode-supported intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell (IT-SOFC). The developed model is based on the governing equations of heat-, mass- and momentum transport. A local temperature non equilibrium (LTNE) approach is introduced to calculate the temperature distribution in the gas- and solid phase separately. The results show that the temperature increasing along the flow direction is controlled by the degree of surplus air. It is also found that the ohmic polarization in the electrolyte and the activation polarization in the anode and cathode have major influence on the performance. If a count flow approach is employed the inlet temperature for the fuel stream should be close to the outlet temperature for the air flow to avoid a too high temperature gradient.
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| 4. |
- Han, Y., et al.
(författare)
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X-Radiation Induces Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Apoptosis by Upregulation of Axin Expression
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0360-3016. ; 75:2, s. 518-526
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Axis inhibition (Axin) is an important negative regulator of the Wnt pathway. This study investigated the relationship between Axin expression and sensitivity to X-rays in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to find a useful indicator of radiosensitivity. Methods and Materials: Tissue from NSCLC patients, A549 cells, and BE1 cells expressing Axin were exposed to 1-Gy of X-radiation. Axin and p53 expression levels were detected by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-PCR. Apoptosis was determined by TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling) assay and FACS (fluorescence-activate cell sorter) analysis. Caspase-3 activity was determined by Western blotting. Phospho-JNK expression was determined by immunofluorescence. Results: The expression of Axin was significantly lower in NSCLC tissues than in normal lung tissues (p less than 0.05). Axin expression correlates with differentiation, TNM staging, and lymph node metastasis of NSCLC (p less than 0.05). Its expression negatively correlates with the expression of p53(mt) (p=0.000) and positively correlates with apoptosis (p=0.002). The prognosis of patients with high expression of Axin was better than those with low expression. X-radiation increases Axin expression in NSCLC tissue, and caspase-3 is significantly higher in samples in which Axin is increased (p less than 0.05). Both X-radiation and Axin induce apoptosis of A549 and BE1 cells; however, the combination of the two enhances the apoptotic effect (p less than 0.05). In A549 cells, inhibition of p53 blocks Axin-induced apoptosis, whereas in BE1 cells, the JNK pathway is required. Conclusions: Axin induces the p53 apoptotic pathway in cells where this pathway is intact; however, in cells expressing p53(mt), Axin induces apoptosis via the JNK pathway. Elevated Axin expression following X-ray exposure is a reliable indicator for determining the radiosensitivity of NSCLC.
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| 5. |
- Larsson, David A, et al.
(författare)
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Oxysterol mixtures, in atheroma-relevant proportions, display synergistic and proapoptotic effects
- 2006
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Ingår i: Free Radical Biology & Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0891-5849 .- 1873-4596. ; 41:6, s. 902-910
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Apoptotic cells in atheroma lesions may contribute to plaque development and instability. Oxysterols constitute the major toxic component in oxLDL and are present in mixed forms in human atheroma lesions. However, the cellular effects of oxysterols have been mostly studied individually. In the present study, we investigated the cytotoxic effects of 7β-hydroxycholesterol (7βOH), 7-ketocholesterol (7keto), 25-hydroxycholesterol (25OH), and 27-hydroxycholesterol (27OH) on U937 monocytic cells, both individually and in atheroma-relevant mixtures mimicking the oxysterol composition reported in human atheroma lesions. Apoptosis and necrosis were studied by examining cell morphology, phosphatidylserine exposure, caspase activation, and the terminal dUTP nick end-labeling technique. Cellular reactive oxygen species and total amount of reduced thiols were measured by using fluorescence probes and 5,5′-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid), respectively. We found that 7βOH and 7keto induced caspase activation, ROS production, cellular thiol depletion, permeabilization of lysosomal and mitochondrial membranes, and cell death. 25OH and 27OH did not cause any of the above alterations, whereas 7βOH and 7keto exerted synergistic toxic effects. Although single 25OH or 27OH exhibited quenching effects on both 7βOH- and 7keto-induced cell death, the combination of all four oxysterols in atheroma-relevant proportions was proapoptotic. Our findings indicate that the major oxysterols accumulated in human atheroma are proapoptotic and may contribute to atherosclerotic lesion development. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Li, Wei, et al.
(författare)
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7ß-hydroxycholesterol induces natural killer cell death via oxidative lysosomal destabilization
- 2009
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Ingår i: Free radical research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1071-5762 .- 1029-2470. ; 43:11, s. 1072-1079
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Peripheral natural killer (NK) cells are reduced in patients with coronary artery disease and highly susceptible to apoptosis induced by oxidized lipids including 7beta-hydroxycholesterol (7betaOH) in vitro. The present study aimed to further explore the mechanisms behind 7betaOH-mediated cytotoxicity to human NK cells. Human NK cells were purified and treated with 7betaOH in different concentrations and times. Cell death, lysosomal and mitochondrial permeabilization and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were then analysed. The 7betaOH induced time and dose dependent apoptosis and necrosis in human NK cells, which was preceded by loss of lysosomal integrity and enhanced ROS production. At later time points, the mitochondrial membrane permeability in 7betaOH-treated cells was significantly increased. The findings indicate that 7betaOH induces human NK cell death through early lysosomal permeabilization and consequent oxidative stress. The data further suggest that 7betaOH may induce immune disturbances in clinical settings such as atherosclerosis.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Li, Wei, et al.
(författare)
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Cathepsin L is significantly associated with apoptosis and plaque destabilization in human atherosclerosis
- 2009
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 202:1, s. 92-102
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Human atherosclerotic lesions overexpress elastolytic and collagenolytic cathepsins with unclear pathological implications. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship among expression of cathepsin L. macrophage apoptosis in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients, clinical symptoms and plaque severity Of human carotid atheroma.Methods and results: Quantitative immunohistochemical analysis of human carotid atherosclerotic lesions (n = 49) showed that expression of lysosomal cathepsin L was significantly increased in atherosclerotic plaques with formation of the necrotic core and rupture of the cap. In those Plaques, cathepsin L was associated mainly with CD68-positive macrophages, whereas significant lower levels of smooth muscle cell actin were detected. The expression of cathepsin L in these plaques was also correlated with apoptosis and the stress protein ferritin. Plaques from symptomatic patients showed greater increased levels of cathepsin L than those front asymptomatic patients. Human monocyte-derived macrophages from CAD patients (n = 7) showed significantly higher levels of cathepsin L, cellular lipids and apoptosis versus cells from matched healthy donors (n = 7). 7Beta-hydroxycholesterol significantly enhanced cathepsin L in cells from healthy donors but not in Cells from CAD patients. Moreover. macrophage apoptosis was significantly correlated with expression of cathepsin L in cell nuclei and membranes.Conclusion: The results Suggest that cathepsin L is involved in death of macrophages necrotic Core formation and development of atherosclerotic plaque instability. Macrophage lysosomal cathepsin L and related apoptosis may be potential targets for modulation or imaging of vulnerable plaques in human atherosclerosis.
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