| 1. |
- Schoch, CL, et al.
(författare)
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Nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region as a universal DNA barcode marker for Fungi
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 1091-6490. ; 109:16, s. 6241-6246
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Six DNA regions were evaluated as potential DNA barcodes for Fungi, the second largest kingdom of eukaryotic life, by a multinational, multilaboratory consortium. The region of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 used as the animal barcode was excluded as a potential marker, because it is difficult to amplify in fungi, often includes large introns, and can be insufficiently variable. Three subunits from the nuclear ribosomal RNA cistron were compared together with regions of three representative protein-coding genes (largest subunit of RNA polymerase II, second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II, and minichromosome maintenance protein). Although the protein-coding gene regions often had a higher percent of correct identification compared with ribosomal markers, low PCR amplification and sequencing success eliminated them as candidates for a universal fungal barcode. Among the regions of the ribosomal cistron, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region has the highest probability of successful identification for the broadest range of fungi, with the most clearly defined barcode gap between inter- and intraspecific variation. The nuclear ribosomal large subunit, a popular phylogenetic marker in certain groups, had superior species resolution in some taxonomic groups, such as the early diverging lineages and the ascomycete yeasts, but was otherwise slightly inferior to the ITS. The nuclear ribosomal small subunit has poor species-level resolution in fungi. ITS will be formally proposed for adoption as the primary fungal barcode marker to the Consortium for the Barcode of Life, with the possibility that supplementary barcodes may be developed for particular narrowly circumscribed taxonomic groups.
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| 2. |
- Gustavsson, S., et al.
(författare)
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Driven dynamics and rotary echo of a qubit tunably coupled to a harmonic oscillator
- 2012
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114 .- 0031-9007. ; 108:17, s. 170503-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have investigated the driven dynamics of a superconducting flux qubit that is tunably coupled to a microwave resonator. We find that the qubit experiences an oscillating field mediated by off-resonant driving of the resonator, leading to strong modifications of the qubit Rabi frequency. This opens an additional noise channel, and we find that low-frequency noise in the coupling parameter causes a reduction of the coherence time during driven evolution. The noise can be mitigated with the rotary-echo pulse sequence, which, for driven systems, is analogous to the Hahn-echo sequence. © 2012 American Physical Society.
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| 3. |
- Barretina, Jordi, et al.
(författare)
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Subtype-specific genomic alterations define new targets for soft-tissue sarcoma therapy.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Nature genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1546-1718 .- 1061-4036. ; 42:8, s. 715-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Soft-tissue sarcomas, which result in approximately 10,700 diagnoses and 3,800 deaths per year in the United States, show remarkable histologic diversity, with more than 50 recognized subtypes. However, knowledge of their genomic alterations is limited. We describe an integrative analysis of DNA sequence, copy number and mRNA expression in 207 samples encompassing seven major subtypes. Frequently mutated genes included TP53 (17% of pleomorphic liposarcomas), NF1 (10.5% of myxofibrosarcomas and 8% of pleomorphic liposarcomas) and PIK3CA (18% of myxoid/round-cell liposarcomas, or MRCs). PIK3CA mutations in MRCs were associated with Akt activation and poor clinical outcomes. In myxofibrosarcomas and pleomorphic liposarcomas, we found both point mutations and genomic deletions affecting the tumor suppressor NF1. Finally, we found that short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-based knockdown of several genes amplified in dedifferentiated liposarcoma, including CDK4 and YEATS4, decreased cell proliferation. Our study yields a detailed map of molecular alterations across diverse sarcoma subtypes and suggests potential subtype-specific targets for therapy.
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| 4. |
- Mases, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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In situ electrical conductivity and Raman study of C60 tetragonal polymerat high pressures up to 30 GPa
- 2010
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Ingår i: Physica status solidi. B, Basic research. - : Wiley. - 0370-1972 .- 1521-3951. ; 274:11/12, s. 3068-3071
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Theory predicts that tetragonal polymeric C60 will undergo a phase transition into a metallic phase at pressures around 20 GPa. Raman and structural experiments at high pressures confirmed formation of a new phase above 20 GPa although the question about its electrical properties was still open. We report on the first simultaneous in situ study of vibrational and electrical properties of two-dimensional (2D) tetragonal C60 polymer at pressures up to 30 GPa in a diamond anvil cell (DAC) specially designed for this purpose. Our results reveal an anomaly in Raman spectra and a drop in electrical resistance of the sample at 20-25 GPa. We tentatively associate this anomalous behaviour with a phase transition into the conductive phase although its metallic character is yet to be proven.At high pressures the Raman spectra exhibit a high degree of disorder. Upon pressure release the order was partially restored and, more importantly, a significant amount of the initial 2D polymeric phase was recovered.
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| 5. |
- Weir, M. R., et al.
(författare)
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Renal outcomes in hypertensive Black patients at high cardiovascular risk
- 2012
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Ingår i: Kidney international. - : Elsevier BV. - 1523-1755 .- 0085-2538. ; 81:6, s. 568-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ACCOMPLISH trial (Avoiding Cardiovascular events through Combination therapy in Patients Living with Systolic Hypertension) was a 3-year multicenter, event-driven trial involving patients with high cardiovascular risk who were randomized in a double-blinded manner to benazepril plus either hydrochlorothiazide or amlodipine and titrated in parallel to reach recommended blood pressure goals. Of the 8125 participants in the United States, 1414 were of self-described Black ethnicity. The composite kidney disease end point, defined as a doubling in serum creatinine, end-stage renal disease, or death was not different between Black and non-Black patients, although the Blacks were significantly more likely to develop a greater than 50% increase in serum creatinine to a level above 2.6 mg/dl. We found important early differences in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) due to acute hemodynamic effects, indicating that benazepril plus amlodipine was more effective in stabilizing eGFR compared to benazepril plus hydrochlorothiazide in non-Blacks. There was no difference in the mean eGFR loss in Blacks between therapies. Thus, benazepril coupled to amlodipine was a more effective antihypertensive treatment than when coupled to hydrochlorothiazide in non-Black patients to reduced kidney disease progression. Blacks have a modestly higher increased risk for more advanced increases in serum creatinine than non-Blacks.
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