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| 2. |
- Wennergren, Göran, 1947, et al.
(författare)
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Neonatal breathing control mediated via the central chemoreceptors.
- 1983
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Ingår i: Acta physiologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-6772 .- 1365-201X. ; 119:2, s. 139-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Respiratory changes elicited via the central chemoreceptor system have been studied in anesthetized newborn guinea pigs and newborn rabbits. Periodic breathing was induced by inhibition of the central chemoreceptors by superfusion with alkaline cerebrospinal fluid. The periodic breathing was promptly reversed to steady by increasing the oxygen or carbon dioxide concentration in the inspired air or by intravenous theophylline. Elicitation of periodic breathing simply by exposing the animals to hypoxia succeeded only when very low oxygen concentrations were given. Clearcut respiratory excitation was produced by small amounts of theophylline applied onto the ventral surface of the medulla. Not only theophylline intravenously but also theophylline topically applied on the ventral medullary surface normalized spontaneously developed periodic breathing. Application of meperidine onto the ventral medullary surface gave respiratory inhibition with dosages considerably lower than required when given intravenously. The results emphasize the importance of an adequate respiratory drive from the central chemoreceptors for the maintenance of a regular breathing pattern. The findings support a view that at least part of the respiratory effects seen in the newborn following administration of meperidine or theophylline is due to effect of the drugs on the central chemosensitive system.
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| 5. |
- Wennergren, Margareta, 1948, et al.
(författare)
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Obstetric characteristics and neonatal performance in a four-year small for gestational age population.
- 1988
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Ingår i: Obstetrics and gynecology. - 0029-7844. ; 72:4, s. 615-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Obstetric and neonatal performance were analyzed in an ultrasound-dated small for gestational age (SGA) population from 1982-1985. Eighty-three percent of 160 SGA infants were identified antenatally by means of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) risk scoring, and the pregnancies were supervised at a high-risk clinic. Fifty percent were delivered electively, predominantly in gestational weeks 38-39. Thirty percent were born preterm. The cesarean section rate was 40%. Perinatal mortality was 6%, or 4% when lethal malformations were excluded, ten times higher than the corresponding total population figures. Eleven percent of the fetuses had severe malformations. In the remaining SGA population, one infant died after experiencing severe perinatal asphyxia and another developed cerebral palsy; no other major sequelae were found before the age of 18 months. Hypoglycemia and hypothermia occurred frequently, but these problems were managed satisfactorily. The mean hospital stay for term infants was twice that of appropriate for gestational age infants. We conclude that the extra attention paid to the SGA population is well motivated. Future efforts should be directed toward improving the diagnostic techniques for IUGR, as most of the perinatal mortality occurred among SGA infants not identified before birth.
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| 6. |
- Karlberg, Petter, et al.
(författare)
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Respiratory control during onset of breathing
- 1986
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Ingår i: Cardiovascular and respiratory physiology in the fetus and neonate: proceedings of the John Lind Memorial Conference (ed. M Monset-Couchard). - London and Paris : John Libbey Eurotext/Colloque INSERM.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Lagercrantz, Hugo, et al.
(författare)
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Plötslig spädbarnsdöd
- 1984
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Ingår i: Paediatricus. ; 14:1, s. 3-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 9. |
- Lagercrantz, Hugo, et al.
(författare)
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Plötzlicher Säuglingstod in Schweden
- 1987
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Ingår i: Die Blätter - Mitteilungen der Gesellschaft zur Erforschung der Plötzlichen Säuglingtods. ; :4, s. 21-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 10. |
- Milerad, J, et al.
(författare)
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Respiratory and arousal responses to hypoxia in apnoeic infants reinvestigated.
- 1989
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Ingår i: European journal of pediatrics. - 0340-6199. ; 148:6, s. 565-70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Respiratory and arousal responses to mild hypoxia (15% oxygen in nitrogen) were recorded in 18 healthy infants and 33 infants who had sustained severe sleep related apnoeic events (ALTE). Respiratory movements and transcutaneous gas pressures (tcPO2 and tcPCO2) were continuously monitored during the 10 min test. The changes in tcPCO2 in relation to the decrease in tcPO2 were used as an index of the ventilatory and metabolic responses to hypoxia. We found that the response of apnoeic infants was within the range of the controls although the distribution of the individual response slopes was shifted towards the lower end of the range. Arousal was observed in 33% of apnoeic infants and 32% of the controls. Regular periodic breathing occurred in 42% of apnoeic infants compared to 28% of controls. In contrast to the controls, periodic breathing in apnoeic infants was not associated with a drop in tcPCO2 to below baseline levels. Apnoeic infants also alternated between regular and periodic breathing during the test. These findings are suggestive of a weak feed back control of breathing but do not support former views of a deficient hypoxic response in infants with ALTE.
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