| 1. |
- Alm, Bernt, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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Antibiotics in the first week of life is a risk factor for allergic rhinitis at school age.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. - : Wiley. - 1399-3038. ; 25:5, s. 468-472
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heredity as well as external factors influences the development of allergic rhinitis. The aim of this study was to analyse early risk factors and protective factors for allergic rhinitis at school age.
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| 2. |
- Alm, Bernt, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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Early protective and risk factors for allergic rhinitis at age 4½ yr.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. - : Wiley. - 1399-3038 .- 0905-6157. ; 22:4, s. 398-404
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Allergic heredity plays a major role in the development of allergic rhinitis. In addition the introduction of food may influence the risk of subsequent allergic disease. The aim of this study was to analyse early risk factors and protective factors for allergic rhinitis at preschool age. Data were obtained from a prospective, longitudinal study of a cohort of children born in the region of western Sweden in 2003 and 8,176 families (50% of the birth cohort) were randomly selected. The parents answered questionnaires at 6 and 12 months and at 4½ yr of age. The response rate at 4½ yr was 4,496, i.e. 83% of the 5,398 questionnaires distributed at 4½ yr. At 4½ yr of age, 5.5% reported symptoms of allergic rhinitis during the last year. In the multivariate analysis, independent risk factors for allergic rhinitis were: allergic sensitisation to food allergens at 4½ yr (OR 10.21; 95% confidence interval 4.22-24.73), recurrent wheeze at 4½ yr (3.33; 1.56-7.10), doctor-diagnosed eczema at 4½ yr (2.72; 1.62-4.55), parental rhinitis (2.21; 1.39-3.53), eczema first year (1.97; 1.19-3.26) and male gender (1.82; 1.13-2.94). The risk was reduced with fish introduction before 9 months (0.49; 0.29-0.82). In conclusion, we found that previous and present allergic disease, heredity and male gender increased the risk of allergic rhinitis at 4½ yr of age. The introduction of fish before the age of 9 months reduced the risk.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Alm, Bernt, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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PD12 - Living on a farm protects from allergic rhinitis at school age.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Clinical and translational allergy. - 2045-7022. ; 4:Suppl 1 3rd Pediatric Allergy and Asthma Meeting
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Family history plays a major role in the development of allergic rhinitis. External influences, such as a farm childhood and fish introduction have been suggested to play a protective role. The aim was to analyse early risk factors and protective factors for allergic rhinitis at school age. Methods The material is a prospective, longitudinal study of a cohort of children born in the region of western Sweden in 2003 where 8,176 families (50% of the birth cohort) were randomly selected. The parents answered questionnaires at 6 months, 12 months, 4½ years and 8 years of age. The response rate at eight years was 80% (4,051 of 5,044 questionnaires distributed). Results At eight years of age, 441 children (11.3%) had used medicines for allergic rhinitis the past twelve months. The mean onset age was 5.1 year and 61.9% were boys. In a multivariate analysis of factors associated with allergic rhinitis with p<0.1, we found that living on a farm at 4½ years was inversely associated with allergic rhinitis treated with medicines at 8 years (adjusted odds ratio 0.31, 95% confidence interval (0.13, 0.78)). Positive associations were seen with parental allergic rhinitis (2.73 (2.12, 3.52)), food allergy first year (2.45 (1.61, 3.73)), eczema first year (1.97 (1.50, 2.59)), neonatal antibiotics (1.75 (1.03, 2.97)) and male gender (1.35 (1.05, 1.74)). Conclusion In conclusion, we found that a family history of rhinitis, early food allergy, early eczema and male gender increased the risk of rhinitis at school age. Furthermore, we found a protective effect of living on a farm at preschool age, and that antibiotics neonatally increased the risk. Both findings are compatible with the hygiene hypothesis.
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| 5. |
- Austeng, Dordi, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence of and risk factors for neonatal morbidity after active perinatal care : extremely preterm infants study in Sweden (EXPRESS)
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 99:7, s. 978-992
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of neonatal morbidity in extremely preterm infants and to identify associated risk factors. Methods: Population based study of infants born before 27 gestational weeks and admitted for neonatal intensive care in Sweden during 2004-2007. Results: Of 638 admitted infants, 141 died. Among these, life support was withdrawn in 55 infants because of anticipation of poor long-term outcome. Of 497 surviving infants, 10% developed severe intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH), 5.7% cystic periventricular leucomalacia (cPVL), 41% septicaemia and 5.8% necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC); 61% had patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and 34% developed retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) stage >= 3. Eighty-five per cent needed mechanical ventilation and 25% developed severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Forty-seven per cent survived to one year of age without any severe IVH, cPVL, severe ROP, severe BPD or NEC. Tocolysis increased and prolonged mechanical ventilation decreased the chances of survival without these morbidities. Maternal smoking and higher gestational duration were associated with lower risk of severe ROP, whereas PDA and poor growth increased this risk. Conclusion: Half of the infants surviving extremely preterm birth suffered from severe neonatal morbidities. Studies on how to reduce these morbidities and on the long-term health of survivors are warranted.
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| 6. |
- Gatzinsky, Vladimir, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Impaired peripheral airway function in adults following repair of esophageal atresia.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of pediatric surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 1531-5037 .- 0022-3468. ; 49:9, s. 1347-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Esophageal atresia (EA) often leads to persistent symptoms and impaired respiratory function in adulthood. The role of peripheral airways in this impairment has not been previously investigated. Furthermore, asthma-like symptoms are common in these patients.
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| 7. |
- Goksör, Emma, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Early fish introduction and neonatal antibiotics affect the risk of asthma into school age.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. - : Wiley. - 1399-3038. ; 24:4, s. 339-344
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The early introduction of fish has been reported to reduce the risk of wheezing disorder in early childhood, while broad-spectrum antibiotics in the first week have been associated with an increased risk. However, it is uncertain whether the effects remain into school age. The aim was to explore these risk factors for doctor-diagnosed asthma at 8years. METHODS: Data were obtained from a prospective, longitudinal study of a cohort of children born in western Sweden. The parents answered questionnaires at 6months and 1, 4.5 and 8years of age. The response rate at 8years was 80% of the questionnaires distributed (4051/5044), that is, 71% of the families entering the study (4051/5654). RESULTS: At 8years, 5.7% reported current doctor-diagnosed asthma. Of these, 65% had atopic asthma and 35% non-atopic asthma. In the multivariate analysis, atopic heredity, male gender and own allergic disease during infancy were risk factors for doctor-diagnosed asthma at 8years. In addition, the introduction of fish before the age of 9months independently reduced the risk (adjusted OR 0.6; 95% CI 0.4-0.96), while broad-spectrum antibiotics in the first week independently increased the risk of current asthma at school age (aOR 2.3; 1.2-4.2). Regarding types of asthma, the effects were significant in atopic asthma but not in non-atopic asthma. CONCLUSION: The early introduction of fish and neonatal antibiotic treatment influence the risk of asthma into school age. The significant effect on atopic asthma is of particular importance, as this phenotype is of major clinical significance.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Hesselmar, Bill, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Astma
- 2014
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Ingår i: Allergi och astma hos barn.. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144084572
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 10. |
- Keen, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Low levels of exhaled nitric oxide are associated with impaired lung function in cystic fibrosis.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Pediatric pulmonology. - : Wiley. - 1099-0496 .- 8755-6863. ; 45:3, s. 241-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) is often reduced in cystic fibrosis (CF). FENO at different expiratory flows can provide an indication of the site of nitric oxide production. The aim of this study was to examine whether NO parameters are related to overall (FEV(1)) or peripheral (lung clearance index, LCI, measured by multiple breath SF(6) washout) airway function and systemic inflammation in CF. Secondary aim was to compare alveolar NO and bronchial NO flux calculated by two different mathematical models, a linear and a nonlinear method. Thirty-five healthy and 45 CF children were recruited. FENO at 50 ml/sec (FENO(50)) and bronchial NO flux were lower in CF than controls, 9.5 (2.7-38.8) (median (range)) versus 12.4 (5.2-40.1) ppb, P = 0.029, and 391 (97-1772) versus 578 (123-1993) (pl/sec), P = 0.036, respectively. No difference in alveolar NO was shown. The nonlinear method resulted in lower alveolar NO and higher bronchial flux, than the linear method, but the result was closely correlated in both groups. LCI was higher in CF than controls, 8.4 (6.5-12.9) versus 5.9 (5.1-7.8), P < 0.001. FENO(50) was negatively correlated with LCI (r = -0.43; P = 0.003) and positively correlated with FEV(1) (r = 0.42, P = 0.004) in CF. Alveolar NO correlated negatively with inflammatory markers: orosomucoid (r = -0.42, P = 0.005), platelets (r = -0.50, P < 0.001) and white blood cell count (r = -0.48, P = 0.001). In conclusion, FENO(50) and bronchial NO flux are reduced in young CF subjects and low FENO(50) is associated with overall and small airway obstruction. NO parameters derived from the different models were closely related but the values differed slightly.
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