| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Brink, Eva, 1952, et al.
(författare)
-
Constructing grounded theory : A practical guide through qualitative analysis
- 2006
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - Järfälla : CoAction Publishing. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 1:3, s. 188-192
-
Recension (refereegranskat)abstract
- BOOK REVIEW: Constructing grounded theory. A practical guide through qualitative analysis Kathy Charmaz, 2006, 208 pp. London: Sage. ISBN 2005928035
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Wentz, Kerstin, 1958
(författare)
-
Fibromyalgia and self-regulatory patterns : development, maintenance or recovery in women
- 2005
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aims: The overall aim of this thesis was to elucidate psychological processes and development, maintenance or recovery related to fibromyalgia based on in depth interviews. In a next step women with fibromyalgia, women without long-lasting pain and women with long-lasting pain were compared using psychometric instruments selected or developed based on qualitative results. Methods: Twenty-one women with fibromyalgia and 8 women recovered were interviewed. Their narrations were analysed using Grounded Theory. Tentative theory was built. The I Myself Scale (IMS) was constructed to mirror self-regulation prior to onset of symptoms and complemented with an instrument on current self-regulation: Structural Analysis of Social Behaviour (SASB) and SF-36 mirroring health related quality of life, regarding the two pain groups. The groups were compared using analysis of variance, principal components analysis paired with discriminant analysis and profile analysis. Results: Analyses of the interviews resulted in core concepts of an “unprotected self” (current fibromyalgia) or a “strong but not enough to be weak” self (recovery). Data patterns indicated that the women as children were unprotected in relation to stimuli and affects. Relationships with the parents were characterised by strain and low levels of support. The recovery group had as children simultaneously been able to develop obvious competence and capability to receive help. Psychological vulnerability was in adult life compensated for through pronounced helpfulness and dissociation/repression including intense activity. An increase in mental load such as localised pain or psychosocial crisis preceded onset of fibromyalgia accompanied by impaired cognitive functioning. The state of fibromyalgia meant maintained high levels of mental load such as difficulties of the selfstructures, impaired cognitive functioning and somatic symptoms. The recovery group experienced substantial social support and often used mastering strategies to ease symptoms. A decrease in strain as improved life conditions and cease of overexertion preceded recovery. Health was thereafter maintained through careful management as seeking low levels of strain and pacing of activity. Recovery ‘on parole’ also meant personal growth and use of efficacious defences. Psychometrical testing confirmed qualitative data patterns of self-regulation connected to fibromyalgia. Impaired selfreference/ understanding of health needs and others not being asked for help and advice was reported before onset of symptoms. Dissociation or repression including intense activity and self-loading were also employed. SASB and SF-36 indicated that women with fibromyalgia experienced higher levels of mental “load” than the other pain group. Conclusion: Qualitative data indicated that life prior to onset of fibromyalgia and current fibromyalgia held qualities of impaired self-regulation in relation to mental and physical load. The state of recovery relied on improved self-regulation allowed by conditions of life. Quantitative data patterns confirmed qualitative results on impaired self-protection before onset of fibromyalgia and a specifically high level of mental load during the state of fibromyalgia. Psychological disregulation is discussed and hypothesised to cause but also later in the process parallel alterations in somatic homeostatic functions. Recovery could mean that biological regulation regarding strain is replaced with more of “psycho-social” regulation as careful pacing of work. Implications for treatment are suggested.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Wentz, Kerstin, 1958, et al.
(författare)
-
Women Developing and Maintaining Fibromyalgia: Qualitatively and Quantitatively Appearing Dissociative and Self-Loading Psychological Patterns
- 2008
-
Ingår i: In F. Hu (Ed). Pain Research Progress:Migraine, Fibromyalgia and related pain. - New York : Nova Publishers. ; , s. 71-111
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aims: The overall aim of this study was to describe psychological functioning in women developing and maintaining fibromyalgia. A further aim was to test if women with fibromyalgia and women with organically explained long-lasting pain differed on selected psychometrical instruments. In this study creation, selection and use of inventories were based on theoretical formulations from in depth interviews with 21 women diagnosed with fibromyalgia. These formulations included difficulties handling affects and stimulation in adult life before onset of fibromyalgia. Psychological vulnerability was compensated for through pronounced helpfulness and dissociation/repression including intense activity. The state of fibromyalgia meant continued high levels of mental load such as difficulties due to the self-structure, impaired cognitive functioning and somatic symptoms. Methods: From previously naturalistically generated theory the I Myself Scale (IMS) was constructed to mirror self-regulation in adult life prior to onset of fibromyalgia symptoms. The IMS was complemented with an instrument on current self-regulation: Structural Analysis of Social Behaviour (SASB). The result of the psychometrical testing was elucidated by a determination of sample characteristics regarding physical functioning, bodily pain and other dimensions of health related quality of life. A standardized instrument, SF-36 was employed. The groups were compared using analysis of variance, principal components analysis paired with discriminant analysis and profile analysis. Results: Psychometrical testing confirmed qualitative data patterns of self-regulation connected to development and maintenance of fibromyalgia. Prior to onset of symptoms women with fibromyalgia showed contrasting self-regulatory measures as a pattern of impaired self-reference/understanding of health needs. Strategies of dissociation or repression including intense activity and self-loading were used to avoid mental pain. Others were urgent objects of help and assistance but were not asked for help and advice. SF-36 indicated that the two groups experienced similar quality of life in the physical dimension but less psychological well being on behalf of the fibromyalgia group. The result from SASB showed that women with fibromyalgia experienced a higher level of mental “load” than the other pain group. Conclusion: Qualitative data indicated that life prior to onset of fibromyalgia and current fibromyalgia held qualities of impaired self-regulation in relation to mental load. Quantitative data patterns confirmed qualitative results on impaired self-protection before onset of fibromyalgia and a specifically high level of mental load during the state of fibromyalgia. Based on the result, relationships between self-regulation, development and maintenance of mental overload and generalized pain are discussed. Aspects of psychological and psychosomatic disregulation are discussed and hypothesized to cause but also later in the process to parallel alterations in somatic homeostatic functions. Consequences for treatment are suggested.
|
|
