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| 2. |
- Arentzen, Thomas, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Prolog
- 2019
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Ingår i: Patristica Nordica Annuaria. - 2001-2365. ; 34, s. 3-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
- Chang, Ya-Ting, et al.
(författare)
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Versican accumulates in vascular lesions in pulmonary arterial hypertension
- 2016
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Ingår i: PULMONARY CIRCULATION. - : Wiley. - 2045-8932 .- 2045-8940. ; 6:3, s. 347-359
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a lethal condition for which there is no effective curative pharmacotherapy. PAH is characterized by vasoconstriction, wall thickening of pulmonary arteries, and increased vascular resistance. Versican is a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan in the vascular extracellular matrix that accumulates following vascular injury and promotes smooth-muscle cell proliferation in systemic arteries. Here, we investigated whether versican may play a similar role in PAH. Paraffin-embedded lung sections from patients who underwent lung transplantation to treat PAH were used for immunohistochemistry. The etiologies of PAH in the subjects involved in this study were idiopathic PAH, scleroderma, and congenital heart disease (atrial septal defect) with left-to-right shunt. Independent of the underlying etiology, increased versican immunostaining was observed in areas of medial thickening, in neointima, and in plexiform lesions. Western blot of lung tissue lysates confirmed accumulation of versican in patients with PAH. Double staining for versican and CD45 showed only occasional colocalization in neointima of high-grade lesions and plexiform lesions. In vitro, metabolic labeling with [S-35] sulfate showed that human pulmonary artery smooth-muscle cells (hPASMCs) produce mainly chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans. In addition, hypoxia, but not cyclic stretch, was demonstrated to increase both versican messenger RNA expression and protein synthesis by hPASMCs. Versican accumulates in vascular lesions of PAH, and the amount of versican correlates more with lesion severity than with underlying etiology or inflammation. Hypoxia is a possible regulator of versican accumulation, which may promote proliferation of pulmonary smooth-muscle cells and vascular remodeling in PAH.
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| 4. |
- Elowsson Rendin, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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Matrisome Properties of Scaffolds Direct Fibroblasts in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Molecular Sciences. - : MDPI AG. - 1422-0067. ; 20:16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) structural properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM) are altered and influence cellular responses through cell-matrix interactions. Scaffolds (decellularized tissue) derived from subpleural healthy and IPF lungs were examined regarding biomechanical properties and ECM composition of proteins (the matrisome). Scaffolds were repopulated with healthy fibroblasts cultured under static stretch with heavy isotope amino acids (SILAC), to examine newly synthesized proteins over time. IPF scaffolds were characterized by increased tissue density, stiffness, ultimate force, and differential expressions of matrisome proteins compared to healthy scaffolds. Collagens, proteoglycans, and ECM glycoproteins were increased in IPF scaffolds, however while specific basement membrane (BM) proteins such as laminins and collagen IV were decreased, nidogen-2 was also increased. Findings were confirmed with histology, clearly showing a disorganized BM. Fibroblasts produced scaffold-specific proteins mimicking preexisting scaffold composition, where 11 out of 20 BM proteins were differentially expressed, along with increased periostin and proteoglycans production. We demonstrate how matrisome changes affect fibroblast activity using novel approaches to study temporal differences, where IPF scaffolds support a disorganized BM and upregulation of disease-associated proteins. These matrix-directed cellular responses emphasize the IPF matrisome and specifically the BM components as important factors for disease progression.
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| 5. |
- Gaiarin, Simone, et al.
(författare)
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High speed PAM-8 optical interconnects with digital equalization based on neural network
- 2016
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Ingår i: Asia Communications and Photonics Conference 2016. - : Optical Society of America.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We experimentally evaluate a high-speed optical interconnection link with neural network equalization. Enhanced equalization performances are shown comparing to standard linear FFE for an EML-based 32 GBd PAM-8 signal after 4-km SMF transmission.
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| 6. |
- Nielsen, Mie Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Associations between eating difficulties, nutritional status and activity of daily living in acute geriatric patients
- 2018
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Ingår i: Clinical Nutrition ESPEN. - 2405-4577. ; 25, s. 95-99
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background & aimsEating difficulties, having a poor nutritional status, and low activity of daily living are all prevalent issues in the geriatric population. The aim of this study was to explore associations between patients' eating difficulties, their nutritional status and their activity of daily living in patients aged 60 years or older who were admitted to an acute geriatric unit.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted between March and September 2016 at the geriatric department of North Denmark Regional Hospital, Hjørring. The inclusion criteria were: ≥ 60years old and hospitalized for a minimum of 24 h. The patients' eating difficulties were assessed using the Minimal Eating Observational Form (MEOF-II), including observations related to ingestion, deglutition and energy/appetite. Eating difficulties were determined on the basis of one or more components of the MEOF-II. Poor nutritional status was defined as an age-specific low body mass index (BMI), <20 kg/m2 if < 70 years, or <22 kg/m2 if ≥ 70 years. Activity of daily living was assessed using the Barthel-100 Index and defined as low (<50) or high (≥50).ResultsA total of 297 geriatric patients were included; the mean age was 83.0 (7.7) years and 56.2% of the patients were female. The prevalence of eating difficulties was 55%. Geriatric patients with eating difficulties had a risk increase of 155% of having poor nutritional status (p = 0.003). Geriatric patients with eating difficulties had a risk increase of 60% of having low activity of daily living (p < 0.001).ConclusionsEating difficulties were highly prevalent in geriatric patients and were associated with poor nutritional status and reduced activity of daily living. The identification of eating difficulties may be important for nutritional interventions and maintenance or improvement of activities of daily living in the geriatric population
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| 7. |
- Nielsen, Mie Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Associations between eating difficulties, nutritional status and activity of daily living in acute geriatric patients
- 2018
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Ingår i: Clinical Nutrition ESPEN. - : Elsevier Ltd.. - 2405-4577. ; 25, s. 95-99
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background & aims Eating difficulties, having a poor nutritional status, and low activity of daily living are all prevalent issues in the geriatric population. The aim of this study was to explore associations between patients' eating difficulties, their nutritional status and their activity of daily living in patients aged 60 years or older who were admitted to an acute geriatric unit. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between March and September 2016 at the geriatric department of North Denmark Regional Hospital, Hjørring. The inclusion criteria were: ≥ 60years old and hospitalized for a minimum of 24 h. The patients' eating difficulties were assessed using the Minimal Eating Observational Form (MEOF-II), including observations related to ingestion, deglutition and energy/appetite. Eating difficulties were determined on the basis of one or more components of the MEOF-II. Poor nutritional status was defined as an age-specific low body mass index (BMI), <20 kg/m2 if < 70 years, or <22 kg/m2 if ≥ 70 years. Activity of daily living was assessed using the Barthel-100 Index and defined as low (<50) or high (≥50). Results A total of 297 geriatric patients were included; the mean age was 83.0 (7.7) years and 56.2% of the patients were female. The prevalence of eating difficulties was 55%. Geriatric patients with eating difficulties had a risk increase of 155% of having poor nutritional status (p = 0.003). Geriatric patients with eating difficulties had a risk increase of 60% of having low activity of daily living (p < 0.001). Conclusions Eating difficulties were highly prevalent in geriatric patients and were associated with poor nutritional status and reduced activity of daily living. The identification of eating difficulties may be important for nutritional interventions and maintenance or improvement of activities of daily living in the geriatric population
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| 9. |
- Westergren, Martin, 1979-
(författare)
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The Political Legitimacy of Global Governance Institutions : A Justice-Based Account
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- One of the most prominent political developments in recent decades is the expansion and strengthening of global governance institutions (GGIs). Our lives are increasingly governed by rules for trade, fiscal and monetary standards, intellectual property law, and norms of good governance, developed and overseen by global institutions. An important task for contemporary political theory in relation to this development is to seek to clarify the normative issues arising for and from these institutions. In particular, it is important to clarify how the problem of political legitimacy should be understood in the context of GGIs: if, and in virtue of what, there is a problem of political legitimacy in global governance institutions, what the nature of this problem is, and what political legitimacy should be thought to require in this setting. Traditionally, the problem of political legitimacy is understood as arising as a consequence of the kind of coercive power and authority exercised by the state over its citizens. Coercive power, it is standardly presumed, requires a special defense because it stands in tension with individual freedom and autonomy. As a result, state power is legitimate only if heightened normative demands are satisfied. This thesis advances the view that a similar problem arises in the context of GGIs. Despite that GGIs lack strong enforcements capabilities and coercive powers in a strict sense, and despite that they may facilitate inter-state cooperation and produce benefits for states and individuals that would be lost without them, there are problematic forms of power vested in these institutions that gives rise to demands for special justification. The background conditions in the global political economy creates a situation in which states and individuals find themselves dependent on, and vulnerable to, decisions made in global institutions. In an important sense, these relationships of dependency give rise to constraints on freedom that are prima facie normatively problematic and that require justification, the thesis argues. Thus, a problem of political legitimacy is generated at the global level. The thesis argues that in order to be legitimate GGIs must fulfill duties of justice. Only if the distribution of resources and opportunities that GGIs give rise to through their rules, policies and programs, pass an appropriate justifiability test can the constraints of freedom they give rise to be legitimate. In this way, important duties of distributive justice are generated at the global level as a consequence of the need to justify existing global governance institutions.
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