| 1. |
- Wetterberg, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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The Effect of Diagnostic Criteria on Dementia Prevalence - A Population-Based Study From Gothenburg, Sweden
- 2024
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Ingår i: AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY. - 1064-7481 .- 1545-7214. ; 32:2, s. 230-243
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To examine how the use of different diagnostic criteria (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders third revised, fourth, and fifth editions [DSM-III-R, DSM-IV, and DSM-5], and the 10th and 11th editions of the International Classification of Diseases [ICD-10 and ICD-11] influences the reported prevalence of dementia. Methods: Two cross-sectional populationbased studies of systematically selected 85-year-olds in Gothenburg, Sweden, (N = 774), were examined in comprehensive health examinations including comprehensive neurocognitive examinations. Five algorithms based on the diagnostic criteria in the DSM-III-R, DSM-IV, DSM-5, ICD-10, and ICD-11 were created, including 105 different variables that were operationalized in different ways to match the criteria of each classification system. Results: ICD-11 yielded the highest prevalence of dementia (36.4%), followed by DSM-5 (32.9%), DSMIV (30.7%), the clinical consensus DSM-III-R diagnosis (26.7%), DSM-III-R (21.4%), and ICD-10 (20.5%). The agreement between the DSM-5 and the ICD11 was K = 0.9. All other kappa values ranged between 0.6 and 0.9.
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| 2. |
- Winzell Juhlin, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Hearing acuity in nonagenarians aged 90 and 95 assessed in a home setting using standardized pure-tone audiometry
- 2024
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Ingår i: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AUDIOLOGY. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Knowledge regarding hearing acuity in the nonagenarian age group is sparse. In this study we aimed to advance our understanding of hearing loss in the 10th decade of life. Design: A cross-sectional study in which standardised hearing measurements were performed during home visits, which included care home facilities and nursing homes to maximise participation. Study sample: Two unselected groups of individuals aged 90 (n = 42) and 95 (n = 49), sampled from the population-based Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies. Results: 98% of the participants (95% CI [95, 100]) had some degree of hearing loss in their better ear, with 83% (95% CI [73, 89]) having a potentially disabling hearing loss of moderate degree or worse, according to WHO criteria. Furthermore, differences between the two age groups (five years apart) indicate an increasing hearing loss, primarily at frequencies >= 2 kHz. Conclusion: Hearing loss was present in almost all of the participants in the nonagenarian age group and among a majority of them potentially to a degree that would warrant rehabilitation. Carrying out standardised hearing measurements in a home setting was feasible in this age group and enhanced the representativeness of the study population.
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